BGP综合实验

一.实验拓扑:

二、实验要求:

  1.   AS1中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.1.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告;        AS3中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.2.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,最终要    求这两个环回可以ping通。
  2.   整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,R3-R7上各有一个业务网段。请合理划分;并且其内部协议OSPF。
  3.   AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制。
  4.   使用BGP协议让整个网络设备的环回可以互相访问;
  5.   减少路由条目数量,避免环路。

三、配置步骤:

1.配置IP:

R1:

[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
May 11 2024 14:34:58-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24

R2:

[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
May 11 2024 14:37:04-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
May 11 2024 14:37:23-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[4]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
May 11 2024 14:37:44-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[5]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]

R3:

[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 11 2024 14:39:39-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
May 11 2024 14:39:56-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.3 24

R4:

[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
May 11 2024 14:41:38-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
May 11 2024 14:41:54-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.4 24

R5:

[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
May 11 2024 14:43:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
May 11 2024 14:43:43-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.5 24

R6:

[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 11 2024 14:45:26-08:00 R6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
May 11 2024 14:45:44-08:00 R6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.6 24

R7:

[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
May 11 2024 14:47:25-08:00 R7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
May 11 2024 14:47:52-08:00 R7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state. 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
May 11 2024 14:48:07-08:00 R7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state. 
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.7 24

R8:

[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
May 11 2024 14:49:48-08:00 R8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.8 24
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.8 24

二.AS2内配置OSPF

R2:

[R2]ospf 1 ro	
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

R3:

[R3]ospf 1 ro	
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R4:

[R4]ospf 1 ro	
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]a 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R5:

[R5]ospf 1 r	
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R6:

[R6]ospf 1 r	
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

R7:

[R7]ospf 1 ro	
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.25

查看OSPF邻居建立:

三.配置BGP:

R1:

[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as 2
[R1-bgp]

R2:

R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number
May 11 2024 14:31:21-08:00 R2 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 12.1.1.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, St
ateChangeReason=Up)  
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local 
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local 
 
 

R3:

R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
 
 

R4:

R4:
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local 
[R4-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:38:25-08:00 R4 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 172.16.0.3 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, 
StateChangeReason=Up)  

R5:

 
R5:
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 next-hop-local
[R5-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:40:09-08:00 R5 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 172.16.1.21 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
 StateChangeReason=Up)  
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
 

R6:

R6:
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
 
 

R7:

R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.2 as 3
[R7-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:43:21-08:00 R7 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
 peer 172.16.0.6 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, 
StateChangeReason=Up)  

R8:

 
 
R8:
[R8]bgp 3 
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.7 as 2

查看BGP邻居关系:

R2:

 
[R2]display bgp peer
 
 BGP local router ID : 12.1.1.2
 Local AS number : 64512
 Total number of peers : 3		  Peers in established state : 3
 
  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv
 
  12.1.1.1        4           1       17       17     0 00:15:11 Established    
   0
  172.16.0.3      4       64512       11       12     0 00:09:28 Established    
   0
  172.16.1.22     4       64513        8        9     0 00:06:23 Established    
   0
 
 

R4:

[R4]display bgp peer
 
 BGP local router ID : 172.16.1.6
 Local AS number : 64512
 Total number of peers : 1		  Peers in established state : 1
 
  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv
 
  172.16.0.3      4       64512        9        9     0 00:07:22 Established    
   0
 

R6:

R6-bgp]display bgp peer
 
 BGP local router ID : 172.16.1.18
 Local AS number : 64513
 Total number of peers : 2		  Peers in established state : 2
 
  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv
 
  172.16.0.5      4       64513        6        6     0 00:04:02 Established    
   0
  172.16.0.7      4       64513        4        6     0 00:02:47 Established    
   0

R8:

[R8-bgp]display bgp peer
 
 BGP local router ID : 34.1.1.2
 Local AS number : 3
 Total number of peers : 1		  Peers in established state : 0
 
  Peer            V          AS  MsgRcvd  MsgSent  OutQ  Up/Down       State Pre
fRcv
 
  34.1.1.7        4           2        0        0     0 00:00:44     Connect    
   0
 
 

 

此时邻居关系全建立,但由于IBGP水平分割导致无法传递路由,需要配置IBGP全连接打破水平分割

在R3和R6上配置BGP反射器:

R3:

[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client 
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 reflect-client
 

R6:

[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 reflect-client 
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client
 

检查:

[R1]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.7
  PING 172.16.0.7: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=252 time=70 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=252 time=40 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=252 time=40 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=252 time=40 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=252 time=40 ms

防止环路问题

R2:

[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
 

R7:

 
 
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 16

四.建立隧道 使R1可以和R8通信:

R1:

[R1]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.8
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.1.2
 
 

R8:

 
[R8]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre	
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.1
May 11 2024 16:03:27-08:00 R8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP 
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state. 
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.1.1.1
 

测试:

[R1]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.8
  PING 172.16.0.8: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=251 time=60 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=251 time=40 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=251 time=50 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=251 time=40 ms
    Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=251 time=40 ms
 
  --- 172.16.0.8 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/60 ms
 
[R1]ping -a 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.8
  PING 192.168.2.8: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=70 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=40 ms

五.思维导图

 

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