一.实验拓扑:
二、实验要求:
- AS1中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.1.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告; AS3中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.2.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,最终要 求这两个环回可以ping通。
- 整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,R3-R7上各有一个业务网段。请合理划分;并且其内部协议OSPF。
- AS间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制。
- 使用BGP协议让整个网络设备的环回可以互相访问;
- 减少路由条目数量,避免环路。
三、配置步骤:
1.配置IP:
R1:
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
May 11 2024 14:34:58-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.1 32
[R1-LoopBack0]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
R2:
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
May 11 2024 14:37:04-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
May 11 2024 14:37:23-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[4]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
May 11 2024 14:37:44-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[5]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.2 32
[R2-LoopBack0]
R3:
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 11 2024 14:39:39-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
May 11 2024 14:39:56-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[3]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.3 24
R4:
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
May 11 2024 14:41:38-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
May 11 2024 14:41:54-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.4 24
R5:
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
May 11 2024 14:43:29-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
May 11 2024 14:43:43-08:00 R5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.5 32
[R5-LoopBack0]int l1
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.5 24
R6:
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 11 2024 14:45:26-08:00 R6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
May 11 2024 14:45:44-08:00 R6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.6 24
R7:
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
May 11 2024 14:47:25-08:00 R7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
May 11 2024 14:47:52-08:00 R7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
May 11 2024 14:48:07-08:00 R7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.7 24
R8:
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
May 11 2024 14:49:48-08:00 R8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.0.8 24
[R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.8 24
二.AS2内配置OSPF
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 ro
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
R3:
[R3]ospf 1 ro
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R4:
[R4]ospf 1 ro
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]a 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R5:
[R5]ospf 1 r
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R6:
[R6]ospf 1 r
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
R7:
[R7]ospf 1 ro
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.25
查看OSPF邻居建立:
三.配置BGP:
R1:
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as 2
[R1-bgp]
R2:
R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number
May 11 2024 14:31:21-08:00 R2 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 12.1.1.1 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public, St
ateChangeReason=Up)
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as-number 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as-number 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local
R3:
R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 connect-interface l0
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 connect-interface l0
R4:
R4:
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 as 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 connect-interface l0
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.0.3 next-hop-local
[R4-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:38:25-08:00 R4 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.0.3 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
R5:
R5:
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 next-hop-local
[R5-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:40:09-08:00 R5 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.1.21 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
R6:
R6:
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 connect-interface l0
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 connect-interface l0
R7:
R7:
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 as 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 connect-interface l0
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.0.6 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.2 as 3
[R7-bgp]
May 11 2024 14:43:21-08:00 R7 %%01BGP/3/STATE_CHG_UPDOWN(l)[0]:The status of the
peer 172.16.0.6 changed from OPENCONFIRM to ESTABLISHED. (InstanceName=Public,
StateChangeReason=Up)
R8:
R8:
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.7 as 2
查看BGP邻居关系:
R2:
[R2]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 12.1.1.2
Local AS number : 64512
Total number of peers : 3 Peers in established state : 3
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
12.1.1.1 4 1 17 17 0 00:15:11 Established
0
172.16.0.3 4 64512 11 12 0 00:09:28 Established
0
172.16.1.22 4 64513 8 9 0 00:06:23 Established
0
R4:
[R4]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 172.16.1.6
Local AS number : 64512
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 1
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
172.16.0.3 4 64512 9 9 0 00:07:22 Established
0
R6:
R6-bgp]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 172.16.1.18
Local AS number : 64513
Total number of peers : 2 Peers in established state : 2
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
172.16.0.5 4 64513 6 6 0 00:04:02 Established
0
172.16.0.7 4 64513 4 6 0 00:02:47 Established
0
R8:
[R8-bgp]display bgp peer
BGP local router ID : 34.1.1.2
Local AS number : 3
Total number of peers : 1 Peers in established state : 0
Peer V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent OutQ Up/Down State Pre
fRcv
34.1.1.7 4 2 0 0 0 00:00:44 Connect
0
此时邻居关系全建立,但由于IBGP水平分割导致无法传递路由,需要配置IBGP全连接打破水平分割
在R3和R6上配置BGP反射器:
R3:
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.2 reflect-client
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.0.4 reflect-client
R6:
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.5 reflect-client
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.0.7 reflect-client
检查:
[R1]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.7
PING 172.16.0.7: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=252 time=70 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=252 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=252 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=252 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.7: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=252 time=40 ms
防止环路问题
R2:
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]network 172.16.0.0 16
R7:
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 16
四.建立隧道 使R1可以和R8通信:
R1:
[R1]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 24
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.1
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.8
[R1-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R1]ip route-static 192.168.2.0 24 10.1.1.2
R8:
[R8]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 24
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]source 172.16.0.8
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]destination 172.16.0.1
May 11 2024 16:03:27-08:00 R8 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface Tunnel0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]
[R8-Tunnel0/0/0]q
[R8]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 24 10.1.1.1
测试:
[R1]ping -a 172.16.0.1 172.16.0.8
PING 172.16.0.8: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=251 time=60 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=251 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=251 time=50 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=251 time=40 ms
Reply from 172.16.0.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=251 time=40 ms
--- 172.16.0.8 ping statistics ---
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40/46/60 ms
[R1]ping -a 192.168.1.1 192.168.2.8
PING 192.168.2.8: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=70 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=50 ms
Reply from 192.168.2.8: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=40 ms
五.思维导图