IEC标准
1. IEC/TC69委员会简介
IEC(International Electro Technical Commission)国际电工委员会正式成立于1906年,是世界上成立最早的专门国际标准化机构,负责制订电气和电子领域的国际标准。作为非政府性国际组织,是联合国社会经济理事会的最高级咨询机构,其主要任务是制定国际标准,。
TC69是电动道路车辆和电动工业用载货车技术委员会的代号,成立于1970年,当时,人们对电动车辆解决环境问题、节约能源等方面给予了厚望。最初10年的标准制定工作进展缓慢,直到1980年才提出了充电器、连线和车辆驱动系统几项标准。近年来,环境保护的呼声日益高涨,特别是一些地区直接立法要求一定比例零排放车辆的使用,使得全世界又兴起了电动车辆研究的热潮。
IEC/TC69的主要工作重点包括:电能-化学能的储存系统;电子部件的保护;提供给车辆的外部电源;电机和控制系统特性测量方法及其定义;外部电器。IEC/TC69有以下四个工作组正在开展工作:
WG2:车辆系统;
WG3:车载储能系统;
WG4:充电器及电动车辆用连接器;
WG5:混合动力车辆。
未来几年内,电动车辆将采用先进的技术使得电池、动力电子装置和驱动系统获得显著的进步。IEC/TC69的工作重点在于研究有关先进技术并继续制定有关保证人员安全、测量车辆性能和保证互换性方面的通用标准。
2. 电动汽车IEC标准现状及动态
在电动汽车标准研究方面,IEC致力于电子元器件和电动汽车的充电基础设施的研究。表1和表2列出了IEC下属电动道路车辆和电动载货车分技术委员会(TC69)已制定的15项电动汽车标准以及TC69开展的30项电动汽车标准制修订计划。
表1 TC69制定的15项电动车辆标准
标准号 | 标准名称 | 标准版本 | 标准发布日期 |
IEC 61851-1:2017 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 1: General requirements | Edition 3.0 | 2017-02-07 |
IEC 61851-21-1:2017 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 21-1 Electric vehicle on-board charger EMC requirements for conductive connection to AC/DC supply | Edition 1.0 | 2017-06-19 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 23: DC electric vehicle charging station | Edition 1.0 | 2014-03-11 | |
IEC 61851-23:2014/COR1:2016 | Corrigendum 1 - Electric vehicle conductive charging systems - Part 23: DC electric vehicle charging station | Edition 1.0 | 2016-05-18 |
Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 24: Digital communication between a d.c. EV charging station and an electric vehicle for control of d.c. charging | Edition 1.0 | 2014-03-07 | |
IEC 61851-24:2014/COR1:2015 | Corrigendum 1 - Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 24: Digital communication between a d.c. EV charging station and an electric vehicle for control of d.c. charging | Edition 1.0 | 2015-06-17 |
IEC 61980-1:2020 | Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems - Part 1: General requirements | Edition 2.0 | 2020-11 |
IEC 62576:2018 | Electric double-layer capacitors for use in hybrid electric vehicles - Test methods for electrical characteristics | Edition 2.0 | 2018-2 |
IEC TS 62840-1:2016 | Electric vehicle battery swap system - Part 1: General and guidance | Edition 1.0 | 2016-07-12 |
Electric vehicle battery swap system - Part 2: Safety requirements | Edition 1.0 | 2016-10-04 | |
IEC 62840-3:2021 | Electric vehicle battery swap system – Part 3: Particular safety and interoperability requirements for battery swap systems operating with removable RESS/battery systems | Edition 1.0 | 2021-09 |
ISO 15118-1:2019 | Road vehicles -- Vehicle to grid communication interface -- Part 1: General information and use-case definition | Edition 2.0 | 2019 |
ISO 15118-2:2014 | Road vehicles -- Vehicle-to-Grid Communication Interface -- Part 2: Network and application protocol requirements | Edition 1.0 | 2014-03-31 |
Road vehicles -- Vehicle to grid communication interface -- Part 3: Physical and data link layer requirements | Edition 1.0 | 2015-05-26 | |
ISO 17409:2020 | Electrically propelled road vehicles -- Connection to an external electric power supply -- Safety requirements | Edition 2.0 | 2020-10-23 |
表2 IEC/TC69正在制修订的30项标准计划
标准号(计划) | 标准名称 |
IEC TS 61851-3-1 ED1 | Electric Vehicles conductive power supply system - Part 3-1: General Requirements for Light Electric Vehicles (LEV) a.c. and d.c. conductive power supply systems |
IEC TS 61851-3-2 ED1 | Electric Vehicles conductive power supply system - Part 3-2: Requirements for Light Electric Vehicles (LEV) DC off-board conductive power supply systems |
IEC TS 61851-3-3 ED1 | Electric Vehicles conductive power supply system - Part 3-3: Requirements for Light Electric Vehicles (LEV) battery swap systems |
IEC TS 61851-3-4 ED1 | Electric Vehicles conductive power supply system - Part 3-4: Requirements for Light Electric Vehicles (LEV) communication |
IEC TS 61851-3-5 ED1 | ELECTRIC VEHICLES CONDUCTIVE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM - Part 3-5: Requirements for Light Electric Vehicles communication - Pre-defined communication parameters |
IEC TS 61851-3-6 ED1 | ELECTRIC VEHICLES CONDUCTIVE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM - Part 3-6, Requirements for Light Electric Vehicles communication - Voltage converter unit |
IEC TS 61851-3-7 ED1 | ELECTRIC VEHICLES CONDUCTIVE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM - Part 3-7, Requirements for Light Electric Vehicles communication - Battery system |
IEC 61851-21-2 :2018 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 21-2: Electric vehicle requirements for conductive connection to an AC/DC supply - EMC requirements for off board electric vehicle charging systems |
IEC 61851-23 COR1 2016 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 23: DC electric vehicle charging station |
IEC 61851-23 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 23-1: D.C. electric vehicle charging station with an autoconnect charging device |
IEC 61851-25 :2020 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system – Part 25: DC EV supply |
IEC 61851-23 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 23-2: DC charging system for small energy capacity |
IEC 61851-24 | Electric vehicle conductive charging system - Part 24: Digital communication between a d.c. EV charging station and an electric vehicle for control of d.c. charging |
IEC 61980-1:2020 | ELECTRIC VEHICLE WIRELESS POWER TRANSFER (WPT) SYSTEMS - Part 1: General requirements |
IEC TS 61980-2 | Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems - Part 2 specific requirements for communication between electric road vehicle (EV) and infrastructure with respect to wireless power transfer (WPT) systems |
IEC TS 61980-3 | Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems - Part 3 Specific requirements for the magnetic field wireless power transfer systems |
IEC 62576 | Electric double-layer capacitors for use in hybrid electric vehicles - Test methods for electrical characteristics |
IEC 63110-1 :2022 | Protocol for Management of Electric Vehicles charging and discharging infrastructures Part 1: Basic Definitions, Use Cases and architectures |
IEC 63110-2 ED | Protocol for Management of Electric Vehicles charging and discharging infrastructures Part 2: Technical protocol specifications and requirements |
IEC 63110-3 ED | Protocol for Management of Electric Vehicles charging and discharging infrastructures Part 3: Requirements for conformance tests |
IEC 63119-1 :2019 | Information exchange for Electric Vehicle charging roaming service - Part 1:General |
IEC 63119-2 :2022 | Information exchange for electric vehicle charging roaming service – Part 2: Use cases |
ISO 15118-1 | Road vehicles - Vehicle to grid communication interface - Part 1: General information and use case definition |
ISO 15118-2 | Road vehicles - Vehicle to grid communication interface - Part 2: Network and application protocol requirements |
ISO 15118-4 | Road Vehicles - Vehicle to grid communication interface - Part 4: Network and application protocol conformance test |
ISO 15118-5 | Road vehicles - Vehicles to grid communication interface - Part 5: Physical and data link layer conformance tests |
ISO 15118-8 | Road vehicles - Vehicle to grid communication interface - Part 8: Physical layer and data link layer requirements for wireless communication |
ISO 15118-9 | Road vehicles - Vehicle to grid communication interface - Part 9: Physical and data link layer conformance test for wireless communication |
ISO 18246 :2023 | Electrically propelled mopeds and motorcycles - Safety requirements for conductive connection to an external electric power supply |
此外,电器附件技术委员会(IEC/TC23)下设的工业插头插座分委会(SC23H)还制定了一项有关电动汽车充电连接器的标准IEC 62196-1:2014《充电桩插头插座的基本要求》;IEC 62196-2:2016《交流充电桩的尺寸和互换性要求》,主要包含Type1(美国、加拿大、韩国、日本、澳大利亚等地)、Type2(欧盟)和中国标准三种;IEC 62196-3:2014《直流充电桩的尺寸和互换性要求》 ,包含在Type1和Type2上演进的Combo1&2系统和中国直流充电接口和CHAdeMO四种类型,其中前两者使用的控制逻辑都是一样的基于PLC的,而后两个都是基于CAN协议的。