一.实验内容及要求
二.实验分析
1、AS1中存在两个环回,一个地址为192.168.1.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告;AS3中存在两个环回一个地址为192.168.2.0/24,该地址不能在任何协议中宣告,最终要求这两个环回可以ping通;
2、整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,请合理划分
3、As间的骨干链路IP地址随意定制;
4、使用Bgp协议让整个网络所有设备的环回可以互相访问;
5、减少路由条目数量,避免环路出现;
三.实验配置
根据实验内容及要求可划分以下IP:
各个路由器配置IP如下:
R1:
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[R1]int l1
[R1-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack1]q
[R1]int l0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 32
R2:
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.1 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.21 30
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[R2]int l0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 2.2.2.2 32
R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.2 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.5 30
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 3.3.3.3 32
[R3-LoopBack0]int l1
[R3-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
R4
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.6 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.9 30
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32
[R4-LoopBack0]int l1
[R4-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.4.1 24
R5
[R5]int g0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.22 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.17 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 5.5.5.5 32
[R5-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.5.1 24
R6
[R6]int g0/0/0
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.18 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.1.13 30
[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0
[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 6.6.6.6 32
[R6-LoopBack0]int l1
[R6-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.6.1 24
R7
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.1.14 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 172.16.1.10 30
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int l0
[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 7.7.7.7 32
[R7-LoopBack0]int l1
[R7-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.7.1 24
[R7]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 34.1.1.1 24
R8
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 34.1.1.2 24
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0
[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 8.8.8.8 32
R8-LoopBack0]int l1
[R8-LoopBack1]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
整个AS2的IP地址为172.16.0.0/16,请合理划分(采用OSPF技术)
各个路由器配置如下:
R2:
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]a 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.21 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0
R3
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]a 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.2 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.5 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255
R4
[R4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[R4-ospf-1]a 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.6 0.0.0.255
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.9 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255
R5
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]a 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.22 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.17 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255
R6
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]a 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.18 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.13 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
R7
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]a 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.14 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.1.10 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 7.7.7.7 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]net 172.16.7.0 0.0.0.255
配置完成后查看OSPF表里R2上的建邻情况:
BGP建邻:
R1
[R1]bgp 1
[R1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]confederation id 2
[R2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 as 64512
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.2 next-hop-local
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 as 64513
[R2-bgp]peer 172.16.1.22 next-hop-local
R3
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]confederation id 2
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.1 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.1 next-hop-local
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 as 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 next-hop-local
R4
[R4]bgp 64512
[R4-bgp]confederation id 2
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 as 64512
[R4-bgp]peer 172.16.1.5 next-hop-local
R5
[R5]bgp 64513
[R5-bgp]confederation id 2
[R5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 as 64512
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.21 next-hop-local
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.18 as 64513
[R5-bgp]peer 172.16.1.18 next-hop-local
R6
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]confederation id 2
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.17 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.17 next-hop-local
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.14 as 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.14 next-hop-local
R7
[R7]bgp 64513
[R7-bgp]confederation id 2
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.2 as 3
[R7-bgp]peer 34.1.1.2 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.13 as 64513
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.13 next-hop-local
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.9 as 64512
[R7-bgp]peer 172.16.1.9 next-hop-local
R8
[R8]bgp 3
[R8-bgp]peer 34.1.1.1 as 2
查看R2上BGP建邻表:
这时候因为IBGP水平分割特性,所以要在R3与R6上做反射器操作,使得它把接收到的BGP路由表反射给其他设备
R3
[R3]bgp 64512
[R3-bgp]peer 172.16.1.6 reflect-client
R6
[R6]bgp 64513
[R6-bgp]peer 172.16.1.17 reflect-client
ping通测试:用R1的环回去pingR8的环回:
减少路由条目,避免环路出现:
除去R1与R8,在R2与R7上做配置(其他设备都是反射进去的)
R2:
[R2]bgp 64512
[R2-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 16-----宣告大网段172.16.0.0 16在BGP环境下
[R2]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0-----防止环路
R7
[R7-bgp]net 172.16.0.0 16
[R7-bgp]q
[R7]ip route-static 172.16.0.0 16 NULL 0