一、拓扑信息
二、实验要求
1,R4为ISP,其上只能配置IP地址;R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP
2,R3-R5/6/7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3,整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
4,所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5,减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6,全网可达
三、需求分析
R4为ISP,其上只能配置I地址; R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP
R5/6/7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点
整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
所有设备均可访问R4的环回;(需要做NAT)
减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;(OSPF优化:特殊区域)减少Hello时间与死亡时间,网络接口P2P/P2MP,做认证
全网可达
四、实验步骤
1.IP规划
172.16.0.0/16
先分成2个网段(OSPF和RIP),借1位
1. 172.16.0.0/17 ----OSPF
再按区域划分(5个区域),借3位
a. 172.16.0.0/20 ---Area 0
三个环回 + MGRE = 4个网段,直接规划到/24
172.16.0.0/24 ---MGRE
172.16.1.0/24 ---R5环回
172.16.2.0/24 ---R6环回
172.16.3.0/24 ---R7环回
...
172.16.15.0/24 ---保留备用
b. 172.16.16.0/20 ---Area 1
三个环回 + 一个骨干 = 4个网段,直接规划到/24
172.16.16.0/24 ---Area 1骨干
172.16.16.1/29 ---R1接口
172.16.16.2/29 ---R2接口
172.16.16.3/29 ---R3接口
172.16.17.0/24 ---R1环回
172.16.18.0/24 ---R2环回
172.16.19.0/24 ---R3环回
c. 172.16.32.0/20 ---Area 2
1个环回+2个骨干
172.16.32.0/24 ---R11环回
172.16.33.0/30 ---R6-R11
172.16.33.4/30 ---R11-R12
d. 172.16.48.0/20 ---Area 3
1个环回+2个骨干
172.16.48.0/24 ---R8环回
172.16.49.0/30 ---R7-R8
172.16.49.4/30 ---R8-R9
e. 172.16.64.0/20 ---Area 4
2个环回+1个骨干
172.16.64.0/24 ---R9环回
172.16.65.0/24 ---R10环回
172.16.66.0/30 ---R9-R10
2. 172.16.128.0/17 ---RIP
172.16.128.0/18
172.16.192.0/18
2.配置IP
R1配置
[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.16.1 29
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.17.1 24
R2配置
[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.16.2 29
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.18.1 24
R3配置
[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.16.3 29
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.19.1 24[r3-LoopBack0]int s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24
R4配置
[r4]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s4/0/0
[r4-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24
[r4-Serial4/0/0]int s4/0/1
[r4-Serial4/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 24
[r4-Serial4/0/1]int s3/0/0
[r4-Serial3/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24
[r4-Serial3/0/0]int l 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 4.4.4.4 32
R5配置
[r5]int s4/0/0
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 24
[r5-Serial4/0/0]int l 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.1.1 24
R6配置
[r6]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24
[r6-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.1 24
R7配置
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.1 24
[r7-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.49.1 30
R8配置
[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.49.2 30
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.49.5 30
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.48.1 24
R9配置
[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.49.6 30
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.64.1 24
[r9-LoopBack0]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.66.1 30
R10配置
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.66.2 30
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.65.1 24
R11配置
[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 30
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.33.5 30
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l 0
[r11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.32.1 24
R12配置
[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.6 30
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l 0
[r12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.128.1 18
[r12-LoopBack0]int l 1
[r12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.192.1 18
检查nhrp表
3.MGRE环境的配置
R3配置
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.1 0.0.0.0[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int t0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
[r6]int l 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
R5配置
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int t0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
R6配置
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.3 0.0.0.0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.2.1 0.0.0.0[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int t0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
R7配置
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.15.255.255[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]int t0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
查看
4.ospf配置
area1:
R1配置
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255[r1]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
R2配置
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255[r2]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
R3配置
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.16.0 0.15.255.255[r3]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
Area 2:
R6配置
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0[r6]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
R11配置
[r11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255[r11]int g0/0/0
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 1
R12配置
[r12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.33.6 0.0.0.0[r12]int g0/0/0
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]q
[r12-ospf-1]q
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]ver 2
[r12-rip-1]undo summary
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
Area 3:
R7配置
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.49.1 0.0.0.0[r7]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 1
R8配置
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255[r8]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1[r8]int g0/0/1
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 1
R9配置
[r9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.49.6 0.0.0.0[r9]int g0/0/0
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
Area 4:
R9配置
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]area 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.64.0 0.15.255.255[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 1
R10配置
[r10]ospf 1 router-id 10.10.10.10
[r10-ospf-1]area 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 1
5.重发布
R12配置
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r12-ospf-1]q
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
R9配置
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[r9-ospf-1]q
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
6.路由汇总
R3配置
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.16.0 255.255.240.0
R6配置
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.240.0
R7配置
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.48.0 255.255.240.0
R9配置(域外路由汇总)
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.240.0
R12配置(域外路由汇总)
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.128.0
7.特殊区域
Area 1
R1配置
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
R2配置
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
R3配置
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
Area 2
R6配置
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
R11配置
[r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
R12配置
[r12]ospf 1
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
Area 3
R7配置
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
R8配置
[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
R9配置
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa下发一个缺省,不然R10中既没有缺省,也没有其他路由
[r9]ospf 2
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
8.认证保证更新
R9配置(接口认证)
[r9]int g0/0/1
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
R10配置(接口认证)
[r10]int g0/0/0
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
R1配置(区域认证)
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
R2配置(区域认证)
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
R3配置(区域认证)
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
9.空接口防环
R3配置
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.16.0 20 NULL 0
R6配置
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 20 NULL 0
10.静默接口
R1配置
[r1]ospf 1
[r1-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R2配置
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R3配置
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R4配置
[r4]ospf 1
[r4-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R5配置
[r5]ospf 1
[r5-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R6配置
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R7配置
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R8配置
[r8]ospf 1
[r8-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R9配置
[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R10配置
[r10]ospf 1
[r10-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
R11配置
[r11]ospf 1
[r11-ospf-1]silent-interface LoopBack 0
11.做NAT
R3配置
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.16.0 0.0.15.255[r3-acl-basic-2000]q
[r3]int s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R6配置
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.32.0 0.0.15.255[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.128.0 0.0.254.255
[r6-acl-basic-2000]q
[r6]int s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
R7配置
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.48.0 0.0.15.255
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.64.0 0.0.15.255
[r7-acl-basic-2000]q
[r7]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
五、测试连通性
1.所有设备可以访问r4环回
2.全网可达