鸿蒙媒体开发【拼图】拍照和图片

拼图

介绍

该示例通过@ohos.multimedia.image和@ohos.file.photoAccessHelper接口实现获取图片，以及图片裁剪分割的功能。

效果预览

使用说明：

1. 使用预置相机拍照后启动应用，应用首页会读取设备内的图片文件并展示获取到的第一个图片，没有图片时图片位置显示空白；
2. 点击开始按钮开始后，时间开始倒计时，在规定时间内未完成拼图则游戏结束。在游戏中，玩家点击重新开始进行游戏重置；
3. 点击开始游戏后，玩家可以根据上方的大图，点击黄格周围的图片移动，点击后图片和黄格交换位置,最终拼成完整的图片；
4. 不在游戏中时，玩家可以点击上方大图，选择自定义图片来进行拼图游戏。

具体实现

• 游戏中图片裁剪分割的效果实现在ImageModel中，源码参考[ImageModel]:

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2022 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import { image } from '@kit.ImageKit';
import { photoAccessHelper } from '@kit.MediaLibraryKit';
import { dataSharePredicates } from '@kit.ArkData';
import { Context } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { fileIo } from '@kit.CoreFileKit';
import Logger from './Logger';
import PictureItem from './PictureItem';
import { CommonConstants as Common } from '../common/CommonConstants';

const TAG = '[ImageModel]';

export default class ImageModel {
  private phAccessHelper: photoAccessHelper.PhotoAccessHelper | null = null;

  constructor(context: Context) {
    this.phAccessHelper = photoAccessHelper.getPhotoAccessHelper(context);
  }

  async getAllImg(): Promise<photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset[]> {
    Logger.info('getAllImg');
    let photoList: Array<photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset> = [];
    if (this.phAccessHelper === null) {
      Logger.info('phAccessHelper fail');
      return photoList;
    }
    let fileKeyType = photoAccessHelper.PhotoKeys.PHOTO_TYPE;
    let predicates: dataSharePredicates.DataSharePredicates = new dataSharePredicates.DataSharePredicates();
    Logger.info(fileKeyType);
    let fetchOptions: photoAccessHelper.FetchOptions = {
      fetchColumns: [],
      predicates: predicates
    };

    try {
      let fetchResult: photoAccessHelper.FetchResult<photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset> =
        await this.phAccessHelper.getAssets(fetchOptions);
      if (fetchResult != undefined) {
        Logger.info('fetchResult success');
        let photoAsset: Array<photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset> = await fetchResult.getAllObjects();
        if (photoAsset != undefined && photoAsset.length > 0) {
          for (let i = 0; i < photoAsset.length; i++) {
            if (photoAsset[i].photoType === 1) {
              photoList.push(photoAsset[i]);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    } catch (err) {
      Logger.error('getAssets failed, message = ', err);
    }
    Logger.info('photoList success');
    return photoList;
  }

  async splitPic(index: number): Promise<PictureItem[]> {
    let imagePixelMap: PictureItem[] = [];
    let imagesData: Array<photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset> = await this.getAllImg();
    let imagePackerApi = image.createImagePacker();
    fileIo.open(imagesData[index].uri, fileIo.OpenMode.READ_ONLY).then(async (file: fileIo.File) => {
      let fd: number = file.fd;
      let imageSource = image.createImageSource(fd);
      let imageInfo = await imageSource.getImageInfo();
      Logger.info(TAG, `sizeImg createImageSource ${JSON.stringify(imageSource)}`);
      let height = imageInfo.size.height / Common.SPLIT_COUNT;
      for (let i = 0; i < Common.SPLIT_COUNT; i++) {
        for (let j = 0; j < Common.SPLIT_COUNT; j++) {
          let picItem: PictureItem;
          if (i === Common.SPLIT_COUNT - 1 && j === Common.SPLIT_COUNT - 1) {
            picItem = new PictureItem(Common.PICTURE_ITEM_NUMBER, {} as image.PixelMap);
            imagePixelMap.push(picItem);
          } else {
            Logger.info(TAG, `sizeImg x = ${imageInfo.size.width / Common.SPLIT_COUNT} y = ${height}`);
            let decodingOptions: image.DecodingOptions = {
              desiredRegion: {
                size: {
                  height: height,
                  width: imageInfo.size.width / Common.SPLIT_COUNT
                }, x: j * imageInfo.size.width / Common.SPLIT_COUNT, y: i * height
              }
            }
            imagePixelMap.push(
              new PictureItem(i * Common.SPLIT_COUNT + j, await imageSource.createPixelMap(decodingOptions)));
          }
        }
      }
      imagePackerApi.release();
      fileIo.closeSync(fd);
    })
    return imagePixelMap;
  }
}

• 获取本地图片：首先使用getPhotoAccessHelper获取相册管理模块实例，然后使用getAssets方法获取文件资源，最后使用getAllObjects获取检索结果中的所有文件资产方便展示；
• 裁剪图片准备：裁剪图片需要使用@ohos.multimedia.image接口，裁剪前需要申请图片编辑权限，使用requestPermissionsFromUser申请，源码参考[Index.ets];

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2022-2023 Huawei Device Co., Ltd.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

import { mediaquery } from '@kit.ArkUI';
import { Permissions, abilityAccessCtrl } from '@kit.AbilityKit';
import { emitter } from '@kit.BasicServicesKit';
import { photoAccessHelper } from '@kit.MediaLibraryKit';
import GameRules from '../model/GameRules';
import ImagePicker from '../common/ImagePicker';
import Logger from '../model/Logger';
import PictureItem from '../model/PictureItem';
import ImageModel from '../model/ImageModel';
import { CommonConstants as Common } from '../common/CommonConstants';

const PERMISSIONS: Array<Permissions> = [
  'ohos.permission.READ_MEDIA',
  'ohos.permission.WRITE_MEDIA',
  'ohos.permission.MEDIA_LOCATION',
  'ohos.permission.MANAGE_MISSIONS'
];

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  @State numArray: PictureItem[] = [];
  @State imgData: Array<photoAccessHelper.PhotoAsset> = [];
  @State @Watch('onTimeOver') gameTime: number = Common.GAME_TIME;
  @State @Watch('onImageChange') index: number = Common.ZERO;
  @State isLand: boolean = false;
  @StorageLink('isGameStart') isGameStart: boolean = false;
  private listener = mediaquery.matchMediaSync('screen and (min-aspect-ratio: 1.5) or (orientation: landscape)');
  private ImageModel: ImageModel = new ImageModel(getContext(this));
  private game: GameRules = new GameRules();
  private timer: number = -1;
  private isRefresh: boolean = false;

  onLand = (mediaQueryResult: mediaquery.MediaQueryResult) => {
    Logger.info(`[eTSMediaQuery.Index]onLand: mediaQueryResult.matches=${mediaQueryResult.matches}`);
    this.isLand = mediaQueryResult.matches;
  };
  over = () => {
    Logger.info(Common.TAG, 'emitter on , eventID = 0');
    for (let i = Common.ZERO; i < Common.LOOP; i++) {
      this.numArray[i].index = i;
    }
    this.gameOver();
  };
  timeEnd = () => {
    Logger.info(Common.TAG, 'emitter on , eventID = 1');
    this.gameTime = Common.ZERO;
  };

  async aboutToAppear() {
    this.listener.on('change', this.onLand);
    await abilityAccessCtrl.createAtManager().requestPermissionsFromUser(getContext(this), PERMISSIONS);
    this.imgData = await this.ImageModel.getAllImg();
    Logger.info(Common.TAG, `images = ${this.imgData.length}`);
    this.numArray = await this.ImageModel.splitPic(this.index);
    // Test case. The game is simulated successfully.
    emitter.on({ eventId: Common.ZERO, priority: Common.ZERO }, this.over);
    // Test case. End of simulation time.
    emitter.on({ eventId: Common.ONE, priority: Common.ZERO }, this.timeEnd);
  }

  onTimeOver() {
    if (this.gameTime === Common.ZERO) {
      this.isGameStart = false;
      AlertDialog.show({ message: 'TimeOver' });
      clearInterval(this.timer);
    }
  }

  async onImageChange() {
    this.isRefresh = true;
    this.dialogController.close();
    this.numArray = [];
    this.numArray = await this.ImageModel.splitPic(this.index);
    this.init();
    this.isGameStart = false;
    this.isRefresh = false;
  }

  init() {
    this.gameTime = Common.GAME_TIME;
    clearInterval(this.timer);
  }

  gameOver() {
    let count = Common.ZERO;
    for (let i = Common.ZERO; i < Common.LOOP; i++) {
      if (this.numArray[i].index === i) {
        count++;
      } else {
        count = Common.ZERO;
        break;
      }
    }
    if (count === Common.LOOP) {
      this.isGameStart = false;
      AlertDialog.show({ message: $r('app.string.congratulations') });
      clearInterval(this.timer);
      this.gameTime = Common.GAME_TIME;
    }
  }

  start() {
    this.init();
    this.timer = setInterval(() => {
      this.gameTime--;
    }, Common.TIME_NUMBER)
  }

  dialogController: CustomDialogController = new CustomDialogController({
    builder: ImagePicker({
      imagesData: this.imgData,
      index: $index
    }),
    autoCancel: true,
    gridCount: Common.GRID_COUNT
  })

  @Builder
  ImageShow() {
    Image(this.imgData[this.index].uri)
      .id(Common.IMAGE_SHOW)
      .width(Common.IMAGE_WIDTH)
      .height($r('app.float.imageShow_height'))
      .objectFit(ImageFit.Fill)
      .onClick(async () => {
        if (this.isRefresh) {
          return;
        }
        this.imgData = await this.ImageModel.getAllImg();
        setTimeout(() => {
          this.dialogController.open();
        }, Common.TIME);
      })
  }

  @Builder
  ImageGrid(leftMargin: number, topMargin: number) {
    Grid() {
      ForEach(this.numArray, (item: PictureItem, index) => {
        GridItem() {
          Image(item.pixelMap)
            .width(Common.GRID_IMAGE_WIDTH)
            .objectFit(ImageFit.Fill)
            .height($r('app.float.grid_image_height'))
        }
        .id(`image${index}`)
        .backgroundColor(item.pixelMap === undefined ? $r('app.color.blank_picture_background') : $r('app.color.picture_background'))
        .onClick(() => {
          if (this.isRefresh) {
            return;
          }
          if (this.isGameStart) {
            this.isRefresh = true;
            this.numArray = this.game.gameInit(index, this.numArray);
            this.gameOver();
            this.isRefresh = false;
          }
        })
      }, (item: PictureItem) => JSON.stringify(item))
    }
    .id(Common.IMAGE_GRID)
    .columnsTemplate(Common.COLUMN_TEMPLATE)
    .columnsGap($r('app.float.gap'))
    .rowsGap($r('app.float.gap'))
    .width(Common.IMAGE_WIDTH)
    .height($r('app.float.grid_height'))
    .margin({ left: leftMargin, top: topMargin })
  }

  build() {
    Column() {
      Row() {
        Text(`Time:0${Math.floor(this.gameTime / Common.SECOND)}:${this.gameTime % Common.SECOND < Common.TEN
          ? Common.STRING_ZERO + this.gameTime % Common.SECOND : this.gameTime % Common.SECOND}`)
          .id(Common.TIME_STRING)
          .margin({ top: Common.MARGIN, bottom: Common.MARGIN })
      }

      if (this.imgData.length > Common.ZERO) {
        if (this.isLand) {
          Row() {
            this.ImageShow()
            this.ImageGrid(Common.TEN, Common.ZERO)
          }
          .margin({ top: Common.MARGIN })
        } else {
          Column() {
            this.ImageShow()
            this.ImageGrid(Common.ZERO, Common.FIVE)
          }
          .margin({ top: Common.MARGIN })
        }
      }
      Button($r('app.string.start'), { type: ButtonType.Capsule, stateEffect: true })
        .id(Common.START_BUTTON)
        .height($r('app.float.button_height'))
        .width(Common.FULL_WIDTH)
        .fontSize($r('app.float.button_font_size'))
        .margin({ top: Common.MARGIN })
        .backgroundColor(this.isGameStart ? $r('app.color.forbid') : $r('app.color.allow'))
        .enabled(!this.isGameStart)
        .onClick(() => {
          this.isGameStart = true;
          this.start();
          this.numArray = this.game.gameBegin(this.numArray);
        })

      Button($r('app.string.restart'), { type: ButtonType.Capsule, stateEffect: true })
        .id(Common.RESTART_BUTTON)
        .height($r('app.float.button_height'))
        .width(Common.FULL_WIDTH)
        .fontSize($r('app.float.button_font_size'))
        .margin({ top: Common.MARGIN })
        .backgroundColor(this.isGameStart ? $r('app.color.allow') : $r('app.color.forbid'))
        .enabled(this.isGameStart)
        .onClick(() => {
          this.isGameStart = true;
          this.start();
          this.numArray = this.game.gameBegin(this.numArray);
        })
    }
    .width(Common.FULL_WIDTH)
    .height(Common.FULL_HEIGHT)
    .padding({ left: Common.PERCENT, right: Common.PERCENT })
  }
}

• 图片编辑：首先使用createImagePacker创建ImagePacker实例，然后使用fs.open打开文件，调用createImageSource接口创建图片源实例方便操作图片，接下来使用getImageInfo方法获取图片大小便于分割，最后使用createPixelMap方法传入每一份的尺寸参数完成图片裁剪。

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