多态（黑马程序员笔记）

多态调用成员的特点

变量调用

例子：

方法调用：

多态的优势和弊端

多态综合练习

代码：

Animal.java 父类

package duotai;

/*父类*/

public class Animal {
    private int age;
    private String color;

    public Animal(){

    }

    public Animal(int age, String color) {
        this.age = age;
        this.color = color;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getColor() {
        return color;
    }

    public void setColor(String color) {
        this.color = color;
    }
    public void eat(String something){
        System.out.println("动物在吃"+something);
    }
}

子类们

package duotai;

public class Cat extends Animal{
    public Cat() {
    }

    public Cat(int age, String color) {
        super(age, color);
    }
    public void eat(String something) {
        //age在父类私有，所以要调用只能用get方法
        System.out.println(getAge()+"岁的"+getColor()+"颜色的猫眯着眼睛侧着头吃"+something);
    }
    public void catchMouse(){
        System.out.println("猫抓老鼠");
    }
}

package duotai;

public class Dog extends Animal{
    public Dog(){}
    public Dog(int age, String color) {
        super(age, color);
    }

    @Override
    public void eat(String something) {
        //age在父类私有，所以要调用只能用get方法
        System.out.println(getAge()+"岁的"+getColor()+"颜色的狗两只前腿死死抱住"+something+"猛吃");
    }
    public void lookHome(){
        System.out.println("狗在看家");
    }
}

人类

package duotai;

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Person() {
    }

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
//    public void keepPet(Dog dog,String something){
//        System.out.println("年龄为"+age+"岁的"+name+"养了一只"+dog.getColor()+"颜色"+dog.getAge()+"岁的狗");
//        dog.eat(something);
//    }
//    public void keepPet(Cat cat,String something){
//        System.out.println("年龄为"+age+"岁的"+name+"养了一只"+cat
//                .getColor()+"颜色"+cat.getAge()+"岁的猫");
//        cat.eat(something);
//    }

    //需要一个方法，能够接受所有的动物，包括猫和狗
    //方法的形参：可以写这些类的父类 Animal
    public void keepPet(Animal a,String something){
        if(a instanceof Dog ){
            Dog d=(Dog)a;
            System.out.println("年龄为"+age+"岁的"+name+"养了一只"+a.getColor()+"颜色的"+a.getAge()+"岁的狗");
            d.eat(something);
        }else if(a instanceof Cat ){
           Cat c=(Cat)a;
            System.out.println("年龄为"+age+"岁的"+name+"养了一只"+a.getColor()+"颜色的"+a.getAge()+"岁的猫");
            c.eat(something);
        }else{
            System.out.println("没有这种动物");}
    }
}

测试类

package duotai;

public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Person p1=new Person("老王",30);
//        Dog d=new Dog(2,"黑");
//        p1.keepPet(d,"骨头");
//
//        Person p2=new Person("老李",24);
//        Cat c=new Cat(3,"灰");
//        p2.keepPet(c,"鱼");

        Person p=new Person("老王",30);
        Dog d=new Dog(2,"黑");
        Cat c=new Cat(3,"灰");
        p.keepPet(d,"骨头");
        p.keepPet(c,"鱼");

    }
}