python基础知识④——for循环进阶+函数入门

for i in "iterator":
    print(i)

#嵌套循环
for i in range(5):
    for j in range(5):
        print(i,end = "")
    print()

# 九九乘法表
for i in range(1,10):
    for j in range(1,i+1):
        print("{}*{}={}".format(i,j,i*j),end = "\t")
    print()

# 打印年龄大于17的人的姓名
a = {"name":"zhangsan","age":18,"address":"beijing"}
b = {"name":"lisi","age":20,"address":"shanghai"}
c = {"name":"wangwu","age":19,"address":"guangzhou"}
n = [a,b,c]
for i in n:
    if i["age"] > 17:
        print(i.get("name"))

# break语句
for i in range(1,10):
    if i == 5:
        break
    print(i)

# continue语句
for i in range(1,10):
    if i == 5:
        continue
    print(i)

#else语句
# ①尽量减少循环内部不必要计算②尽量减少内层循环③尽量使用局部变量④连接新的字符串使用join()而不是+⑤插入和删除，尽量在尾部

# 并行迭代
name = ["zhangsan","lisi","wangwu"]
age = [18,19,20]
address = ["beijing","shanghai","guangzhou"]
for i in range(len(name)):
    print(name[i],age[i],address[i])

#列表推导式
a = [i for i in range(1,6)]

#字典推导式
a = {i:i+1 for i in range(1,6)}

# 字符串中各个字母出现的次数
my_text = "i love you"
b = {c:my_text.count(c) for c in my_text}
print(b)


#集合推导式
a = {i for i in range(1,6)}

#生成器推导式(可用于处理大型数据集或需要惰性计算的情况，以提高性能和效率)
a = (i for i in range(1,6))
print(a)
print(tuple(a))



# for循环画同心圆
import turtle
my_colors = ["red","yellow","blue","green","orange","purple"]
turtle.width(5)
for i in range(10):
    turtle.circle(10*i)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(0,-10*i)
    turtle.pendown()
    turtle.color(my_colors[i%len(my_colors)])
    continue
turtle.done()

# for循环画五角星
import turtle
turtle.width(5)
for i in range(5):
    turtle.forward(200)
    turtle.right(144)
turtle.done()

# for循环画棋盘
import turtle
turtle.width(5)
turtle.speed(10)
for i in range(8):
    for j in range(8):
        if (i+j)%2 == 0:
            turtle.begin_fill()
        for k in range(4):
            turtle.forward(50)
            turtle.right(90)
        turtle.end_fill()
        turtle.forward(50)
    turtle.penup()
    turtle.goto(0,-50*(i+1))
    turtle.pendown()
turtle.done()

# 内置函数，标准库函数(import导入)，第三方库函数，自定义函数
# 函数的定义 def 函数名(参数1，参数2，参数3，...):
#形参和实参
# help(func.__doc__) # 查看函数的帮助文档
def gun (a,b):
    c = a*b
    return c
print(gun(2,3))