基于insightface进行人脸1：N

import cv2
import insightface
import numpy as np
from sklearn import preprocessing
import os



# 初始化操作
app = insightface.app.FaceAnalysis(name="buffalo_l",provider = ["CPUExecutionProvider"])
app.prepare(ctx_id=-1,det_size=(640,640))
face_info = {}
face_similarity = {}

def register():
    face_path = "face_db" # 用于存储人脸的嵌入特征
    files = os.listdir(face_path)
    for file in files:
        username = file.split('.')[0]
        print(file)
        face_img = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile("face_db"+'/'+file, dtype=np.uint8,)-1)
        face = app.get(face_img)
        embedding = np.array(face[0].embedding).reshape((1, -1))
        embedding = preprocessing.normalize(embedding)
        face_info.update({username: embedding})
        print(f"{username}--xxx人脸识别完毕")




def face_check():
    cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0)  # 打开默认摄像头
    while True:

        ret, frame = cap.read()
        if not ret:
            break  # 如果读取失败，则退出循环

        # 使用app（FaceAnalysis实例）检测帧中的人脸
        unknow_faces = app.get(frame)  # 假设app.get()返回的是一个包含多个FaceInfo对象的列表
        if unknow_faces:
            unknow_face = unknow_faces[0]
            unknow_embedding = np.array(unknow_face.embedding).reshape((1, -1))

            unknow_embedding = preprocessing.normalize(unknow_embedding)

            face_similarity = {}  # 初始化相似度字典，每次循环都重新创建
            for k, v in face_info.items():

                similarity = similar(unknow_embedding, v)
                face_similarity[k] = similarity

            max_similarity = max(face_similarity, key=face_similarity.get)
            if face_similarity[max_similarity] > 0.5:
                # 如果最高相似度大于0.5，则显示识别到的人名
                cv2.putText(frame, f"识别到：{max_similarity}", (100, 30), 2, cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1, 2)
                cv2.putText(frame, str(face_similarity[max_similarity]), (300, 30), 2, cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1, 2)
            else:
                # 否则，显示“系统不识别此人”
                cv2.putText(frame, "系统不识别此人", (100, 30), 2, cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_PLAIN, 1, 2)



        cv2.imshow('frame', frame)
        if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
            break  # 按'q'键退出循环

    cap.release()  # 释放摄像头
    cv2.destroyAllWindows()  # 关闭所有OpenCV创建的窗口


# 注意：相似度计算函数similar和绘制函数draw需要在此函数外部定义
def similar(a,b):
    dot_a_b =np.dot(a,b.T)
    norm_a = np.linalg.norm(a)
    norm_b = np.linalg.norm(b)
    cosine_similarity = dot_a_b / (norm_a *norm_b)
    return cosine_similarity

def draw(img):
    faces = app.get(img)
    for face in faces:
        bbox = face.bbox.astype(int)
        cv2.rectangle(img, (bbox[0], bbox[1]), (bbox[2], bbox[3]), (0, 255, 0), 2)
        for k in face.landmark_3d_68:
            x, y, z = k.astype(int)
            cv2.circle(img, (x, y), 1, (255, 255, 255), 2)
if "__main__"==__name__:
    while True:
        print("---输入1：进行人脸注册---")
        print("---输入2：进行人脸验证---")
        print("---输入其他字符程序结束---")
        user_need = input("请选择你需要执行的操作:")
        if user_need =="1":
            register()
        elif user_need =="2":
            print("即将进入身份验证")
            face_check()
        else:
            print("程序结束")