引理:
∑
ϵ
k
∈
{
−
1
,
1
}
,
1
≤
k
≤
n
(
∑
k
=
1
n
ϵ
k
a
k
)
2
=
2
n
∑
k
=
1
n
a
k
2
\sum_{\epsilon_k\in \{-1,1\},1\le k\le n}(\sum^n_{k=1}\epsilon_ka_k)^2=2^n\sum^n_{k=1}a_k^2
ϵk∈{−1,1},1≤k≤n∑(k=1∑nϵkak)2=2nk=1∑nak2
证明:
n
=
1
时,
L
H
S
=
2
a
1
2
,
R
H
S
=
2
a
1
2
,成立
n=1时,LHS=2a_1^2,RHS=2a_1^2,成立
n=1时,LHS=2a12,RHS=2a12,成立
设
n
时成立,证明
n
+
1
时情况:
设n时成立,证明n+1时情况:
设n时成立,证明n+1时情况:
∑
ϵ
k
∈
{
−
1
,
1
}
,
1
≤
k
≤
n
+
1
(
∑
k
=
1
n
+
1
ϵ
k
a
k
)
2
\sum_{\epsilon_k\in \{-1,1\},1\le k\le n+1}(\sum^{n+1}_{k=1}\epsilon_ka_k)^2
ϵk∈{−1,1},1≤k≤n+1∑(k=1∑n+1ϵkak)2
=
∑
ϵ
k
∈
{
−
1
,
1
}
,
1
≤
k
≤
n
+
1
(
(
∑
k
=
1
n
ϵ
k
a
k
)
2
+
2
(
∑
k
=
1
n
ϵ
k
a
k
)
∗
ϵ
n
+
1
a
n
+
1
+
a
n
+
1
2
)
=\sum_{\epsilon_k\in \{-1,1\},1\le k\le n+1}((\sum^n_{k=1}\epsilon_ka_k)^2+2(\sum^n_{k=1}\epsilon_ka_k)*\epsilon_{n+1}a_{n+1}+a_{n+1}^2)
=ϵk∈{−1,1},1≤k≤n+1∑((k=1∑nϵkak)2+2(k=1∑nϵkak)∗ϵn+1an+1+an+12)
=
2
∑
ϵ
k
∈
{
−
1
,
1
}
,
1
≤
k
≤
n
+
2
∑
ϵ
n
+
1
∈
{
−
1
,
1
}
ϵ
n
+
1
a
n
+
1
∑
ϵ
k
∈
{
−
1
,
1
}
,
1
≤
k
≤
n
ϵ
k
a
k
+
2
n
+
1
×
a
n
+
1
2
=2\sum_{\epsilon_k\in \{-1,1\},1\le k\le n}+2\sum_{\epsilon_{n+1}\in\{-1,1\}}\epsilon_{n+1}a_{n+1}\sum_{\epsilon_k\in \{-1,1\},1\le k\le n}\epsilon_ka_k+2^{n+1}\times a_{n+1}^2
=2ϵk∈{−1,1},1≤k≤n∑+2ϵn+1∈{−1,1}∑ϵn+1an+1ϵk∈{−1,1},1≤k≤n∑ϵkak+2n+1×an+12
=
2
n
+
1
∑
k
=
1
n
a
k
2
+
2
n
+
1
×
a
n
+
1
2
=
R
H
S
证毕
=2^{n+1}\sum^n_{k=1}a_k^2+2^{n+1}\times a_{n+1}^2=RHS \ \ \ \ \ \ 证毕
=2n+1k=1∑nak2+2n+1×an+12=RHS 证毕
恒等式结论
于 2024-07-20 10:16:29 首次发布