<R10>display ospf error(排错命令)
1、实验拓扑
2、实验要求:
1、R4为ISP,其上只配置IP地址;
R4与其他所直连设备间均使用公有IP;
2、R3-R5、R6、R7为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3、整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
除了R12有两个环回,其他路由器均有一个环回IP
4、所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5、减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6、全网可达;
3、实验思路:
1、先配所有的IP和回环地址
2、(1)公网(0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4 )和私网(ospf)通
(2)rip和ospf两个不一样需要路由引入
(3)下面两个非骨干做多进程双向重发布路由引入
3、各个私网能通(ospf)但私网之间不能,
用隧道p2mp协议,然后在起ospf协议隧道地址也要宣告
开启伪广播
然后在隧道接口中弄广播(只要不是p2p就行3567都改)
取消R567的选举
4、nat地址转换easy-ip(还要下发缺省路由)
可自己配置或者设置特殊区域来下发
5、路由聚合或者特殊区域(减少LSA更新量)
3567做abr聚合(传入那方做),R10,
R12(域外做汇总引入域内用ospf)做asbr聚合
(路由聚合减少骨干区域的路由表其他区域没变化)
6、把LSA数量得到极大的精简(完全末梢区域(NSSA),完全非纯末梢区域)
区域一R3(nssa)R1,R3
区域二R6(nssa)
区域三R7,R8
区域三R9asbr(nssa)
R10还要做一条缺省路由才能访问其他(这个是R9做的还要进入ospf进程2 default-route advise)
优化的是其他非骨干区域的路由表
7、加快收敛(同一区域修改hello时间用ospf协议)
8、保证更新安全(区域认证和接口认证ospf)
4、实验步骤:
1、先配全部IP和环回地址
[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 30
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.5 30
[R11]int l0
[R11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.11 24
[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.6 30
[R12]int l0
[R12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.12 24
[R12]int l1
[R12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.161.12 24
2、弄公网通和私网通
[R1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.1 0.0.0.0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.34.1 0.0.0.0
[R2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.2 0.0.0.0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.35.2 0.0.0.0
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4
[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.3 0.0.0.0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.36.3 0.0.0.0
[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4
[R5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.3.5 0.0.0.0
[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4
[R6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.4.6 0.0.0.0
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4
[R7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.5.7 0.0.0.0
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[R8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.5 0.0.0.0
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.98.8 0.0.0.0
[R9]ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0
[R11]ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.66.11 0.0.0.0
[R12]ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0
[R12]rip 1
[R12-rip-1]version 2
[R12-rip-1]undo
[R12-rip-1]undo summary
[R12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
[R12-rip-1]q
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip
[R9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.130.9 0.0.0.0
[R10]ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10
[R10-ospf-2]area 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.129.2 0.0.0.0
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.131.10 0.0.0.0
3、建立隧道地址
[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.3 24
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.5 24
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.6 24
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]source s4/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100 ^
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0 ^
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.6.7 24
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]source GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register
4、开启伪广播
[R3]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R6]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
[R7]int Tunnel 0/0/0
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast
[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0
5、宣告隧道地址
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R5]ospf 1 ^
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1
6、easy-ip地址转换使私网也能ping通公网
[R3]acl 2000
[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R3]int Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R6]acl 2000
[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[R7]acl 2000
[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
7、路由聚合简化骨干区域的路由表
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
8、设置特殊区域简化非骨干区域路由表
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[R10]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 172.16.129.1
9、加快收敛
[R1]int g0/0/0
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R2]int GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4]int s4/0/0
[R4-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4]int s4/0/1
[R4-Serial4/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R4]int s3/0/0
[R4-Serial3/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R4]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R5]int s4/0/0
[R5-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R6]int s4/0/0
[R6-Serial4/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R7]int g0/0/0
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R8]int g0/0/0
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R9]int g0/0/0
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R10]int g0/0/0
[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R11]int g0/0/0
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf timer hello 5
[R12]int g0/0/0
[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf timer hello 5
10、保证跟新安全
[R1]ospf 1
[R1-ospf-1]area 1
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[R2]ospf 1
[R2-ospf-1]area 1
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[R3]ospf 1
[R3-ospf-1]area 1
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R4]ospf 1
[R4-ospf-1]area 0
[R4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R5]ospf 1
[R5-ospf-1]area 0
[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R6]ospf 1
[R6-ospf-1]area 0
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R6-ospf-1]area 2
[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 3 cipher 12345
[R7]ospf 1
[R7-ospf-1]area 0
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]authentication-mode md5 2 cipher 1234
[R7-ospf-1]area 3
[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 4 cipher 123456
[R8]ospf 1
[R8-ospf-1]area 3
[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 4 cipher 123456
[R9]ospf 1
[R9-ospf-1]area 3
[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 4 cipher 123456
[R9]ospf 2
[R9-ospf-2]area 4
[R9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 5 cipher 1234567
[R10]ospf 2
[R10-ospf-2]area 4
[R10-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]authentication-mode md5 5 cipher 1234567
[R11]ospf 1
[R11-ospf-1]area 2
[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 3 cipher 12345
[R12]ospf 1
[R12-ospf-1]area 2
[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 3 cipher 12345