【C++】Date 类的实现

Date.h

#include<Windows.h>
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Date
{
public:
	int GetMonthDay(int year, int month);
	Date(int year = 1, int month = 1, int day = 1);
	void Print() const;

	bool operator<(const Date& d);
	bool operator==(const Date& d);
	bool operator<=(const Date& d);
	bool operator>(const Date& d);
	bool operator>=(const Date& d);
	bool operator!=(const Date& d);

	Date& operator+=(int day);
	Date operator+(int day);
	Date& operator-=(int day);
	Date operator-(int day);

	// 函数重载
	// 运算符重载
	// ++d1 -> d1.operator++()
	Date& operator++();

	// d1++ -> d1.operator++(0)
	// 加一个int参数，进行占位，跟前置++构成函数重载进行区分
	// 本质后置++调用，编译器进行特殊处理
	Date operator++(int);

	Date& operator--();
	Date operator--(int);

	int operator-(const Date& d);
private:
	int _year;
	int _month;
	int _day;
};

1. GetMonthDay

int Date::GetMonthDay(int year, int month)
{
	const static int monthArray[13] = { 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };

	if (month == 2
		&& ((year % 4 == 0 && year % 100 != 0) || (year % 400 == 0)))
	{
		return 29;
	}

	return monthArray[month];
}

2. Date构造函数

Date::Date(int year, int month, int day)
{
	int flag = 0;
	// 检查日期是否合法
	while(month < 1 || month > 12
		|| day < 1 || day > GetMonthDay(year, month))
	{
		cout << "非法日期,请重新输入：" << endl;
		cin >> year >> month >> day;
		// exit(-1);
		flag = 1;
	}
	if (flag == 1)
	{
		cout << "日期合法" << endl;
	}
	_year = year;
	_month = month;
	_day = day;

}

3. Print

//void Date::Print(const Date* this) 
void Date::Print() const
{
	cout << _year << " 年 " << _month << " 月 " << _day << " 日 " << endl;
}

4. Date 的比较

bool Date::operator<(const Date& d)
{
	if (_year < d._year)
	{
		return true;
	}
	else if (_year == d._year && _month < d._month)
	{
		return true;
	}
	else if (_year == d._year && _month == d._month && _day < d._day)
	{
		return true;
	}
	else
	{
		return false;
	}
}

bool Date::operator==(const Date& d)
{
	return _year == d._year
		&& _month == d._month
		&& _day == d._day;
}

// d1 <= d2
bool Date::operator<=(const Date& d)
{
	return *this < d || *this == d;
}

bool Date::operator>(const Date& d)
{
	return !(*this <= d);
}

bool Date::operator>=(const Date& d)
{
	return !(*this < d);
}

bool Date::operator!=(const Date& d)
{
	return !(*this == d);
}

5. += 、+、- =、-

// 2023 7 27
Date& Date::operator+=(int day)
{
	if (day < 0)
	{
		return *this -= (-day);
	}

	_day += day;
	while (_day > GetMonthDay(_year, _month))
	{
		_day -= GetMonthDay(_year, _month);
		++_month;

		if (_month == 13)
		{
			++_year;
			_month = 1;
		}
	}

	return *this;
}

// d1 + 100
Date Date::operator+(int day)
{
	Date tmp(*this);

	tmp += day;

	return tmp;
}



Date& Date::operator-=(int day)
{
	if (day < 0)
	{
		return *this += (-day);
	}

	_day -= day;

	while (_day <= 0)
	{
		--_month;
		if (_month == 0)
		{
			--_year;
			_month = 12;
		}

		_day += GetMonthDay(_year, _month);
	}

	return *this;
}

Date Date::operator-(int day)
{
	Date tmp(*this);

	tmp -= day;

	return tmp;
}

6. ++、- -（含前后置）

// 前置
Date& Date::operator++()   
{
	*this += 1;
	return *this;
}

// 后置
Date Date::operator++(int)
{
	Date tmp(*this);

	*this += 1;

	return tmp;
}

// 前置
Date& Date::operator--()
{
	*this -= 1;
	return *this;
}

// 后置
Date Date::operator--(int)
{
	Date tmp(*this);

	*this -= 1;

	return tmp;
}

7. 两日期相减（operator-）

// d1 - d2
int Date::operator-(const Date& d)
{
	Date max = *this;
	Date min = d;
	int flag = 1;

	if (*this < d)
	{
		max = d;
		min = *this;
		flag = -1;
	}

	int n = 0;
	while (min != max)
	{
		++min;
		++n;
	}

	return n * flag;
}