静态综合实验

该文详细阐述了一项网络配置任务,包括基于特定要求的子网划分,如192.168.1.0/27等,以及路由器R1至R5的基础IP配置,静态路由设置,解决环路问题,和配置DHCP服务器以提供动态IP地址。文中通过R1到R5的Ping测试验证了网络连通性和配置正确性。
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目录

1.按题意拓扑设计并规划IP地址

按要求完成子网划分:

2.搭建拓扑并进行基础IP配置 指令如下:

  R1配置

R2配置

R3配置

R5配置

3.静态路由配置

R1配置

 R2配置

 R3配置

 R4配置

 R5配置

测试

用R1的一个网关去pingR5

配置缺省路由,以达到要求3

配置R1

配置R2

配置R3

配置R4

测试

解决环路问题

R1配置

R2配置

R4配置

浮动静态路由,达成要求5

R4配置

R5配置

配置DHCP服务器

配置

检测

1.按题意拓扑设计并规划IP地址

按要求完成子网划分:

192.168.1.000 00000   192.168.1.0        27        骨干链路使用

        再次划分192.168.1.000 000 00    30

                        192.168.1.0

                        192.168.1.4

                        192.168.1.8

                        192.168.1.16

                        …….

                        192.168.1.48

192.168.1.001 00000   192.168.1.32      27        R1上环回

        再次划分 192.168.1.001 0 0000 28

                        192.168.1.32   28

                        192.168.1.48   28  

192.168.1.010 00000   192.168.1.64      27        R2上环回

        再次划分 192.168.1.010 0 0000  28

                        192.168.1.64  28

                        192.168.1.80  28

192.168.1.011 00000   192.168.1.96      27     R4 上使用

        再次划分192.168.1.011 0 0000  28

        192.168.1.96  28

        192.168.1.113  28

192.168.1.100 00000   192.168.1.128    27

保留地址:

        192.168.1.101 00000   192.168.1.160    27

        192.168.1.110 00000   192.168.1.192    27

        192.168.1.111 00000   192.168.1.224    27

拓扑设计如下:

2.搭建拓扑并进行基础IP配置 指令如下:

  R1配置

<Huawei>system-view 

[Huawei]sysname R1

网关配置

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]quit

[R1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

回环接口配置

[R1]interface LoopBack 01

[R1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.33 28

[R1-LoopBack1]q

[R1]interface LoopBack 0        

[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.49 28

R2配置

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname R2

网关配置

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0        

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

回环接口配置

[R2]interface LoopBack 01

[R2-LoopBack1]ip  address 192.168.1.97 28

[R2-LoopBack1]q

[R2]interface LoopBack 0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.114 28

R3配置

Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname R3

网关配置

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0        

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.129 27

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

[R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1        

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30

R4配置

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname R4

网关配置

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1        

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q

[R4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.17 30

回环接口配置

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q

[R4]interface LoopBack 01

[R4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.65 28

[R4-LoopBack1]q

[R4]interface LoopBack 0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.81 30

R5配置

<Huawei>system-view

[Huawei]sysname R5        

网关配置

[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.18 30
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q 
[R5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1    
[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.22 30

回环接口配置

[R5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[R5]interface LoopBack 01
[R5-LoopBack1]ip address 5.5.5.5 24
[R5-LoopBack1]q
[R5]interface LoopBack 0
[R5-LoopBack0]ip address 6.6.6.6 24

最后输入display ip interface brief   对配置指令进行检查

3.静态路由配置

R1配置

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.2

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.10

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.10

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.10

[R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.10

 R2配置

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.1

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6

[R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.1

 R3配置

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.9

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.14

[R3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 27 192.168.1.9

 R4配置

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.5

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.13

[R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13

 R5配置

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17

[R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17

测试

用R1的一个网关去pingR5

<R1>PING -a 192.168.1.49 192.168.1.18
  PING 192.168.1.18: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=40 ms

  --- 192.168.1.18 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 40/42/50 ms
结果证明已经完成要求1和2网络状况良好

配置缺省路由,以达到要求3

配置R1

        [R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
        [R1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

配置R2

        [R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

配置R3

        [R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

配置R4

        [R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18

测试

[R1]ping -a 192.168.1.33 192.168.1.18
  PING 192.168.1.18: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=70 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=30 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=50 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=40 ms
    Reply from 192.168.1.18: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=50 ms

  --- 192.168.1.18 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 30/48/70 ms

结果满足要求3

解决环路问题

由于缺省和黑洞相遇必定成环,因此我们需要给缺省路由配置空接口

R1配置

        [R1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 NULL 0

R2配置

        [R2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 NULL 0

R4配置

        [R4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 NULL 0

最后输入display ip routing-table protocol static 对配置后的路由表进行检查

浮动静态路由,达成要求5

R4配置

        [R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

R5配置

        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.21 preference 70
        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.21 preference 70
        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.21 preference 70
        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.21 preference 70
        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21 preference 70
        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21 preference 70
        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21 preference 70
        [R5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21 preference 70

配置DHCP服务器

配置

操        作:对象R3

配置命令

                [R3]dhcp enable 
                [R3]ip pool aaa
                [R3-ip-pool-aaa]network 192.168.1.128 mask 27
                [R3-ip-pool-aaa]gateway-list 192.168.1.129 
                [R3-ip-pool-aaa]dns-list 8.8.8.8 114.114.114.114
                [R3-ip-pool-aaa]q
                [R3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2 
                [R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global 

检测

选择设备PC1输入一下命令进行检测

        PC>ipconfig

        Link local IPv6 address...........: fe80::5689:98ff:fef9:30b2
        IPv6 address......................: :: / 128
        IPv6 gateway......................: ::
        IPv4 address......................: 192.168.1.158
        Subnet mask.......................: 255.255.255.224
        Gateway...........................: 192.168.1.129
        Physical address..................: 54-89-98-F9-30-B2
        DNS server........................: 8.8.8.8
                                            114.114.114.114
        PC>ping 5.5.5.5

        Ping 5.5.5.5: 32 data bytes, Press Ctrl_C to break
        From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=1 ttl=253 time=62 ms
        From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=2 ttl=253 time=63 ms
        From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=3 ttl=253 time=62 ms
        From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=4 ttl=253 time=47 ms
        From 5.5.5.5: bytes=32 seq=5 ttl=253 time=62 ms

        --- 5.5.5.5 ping statistics ---
          5 packet(s) transmitted
          5 packet(s) received
          0.00% packet loss
          round-trip min/avg/max = 47/59/63 ms

至此所有要求均满足实验成功

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