通用视图基础

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-18 16:32:46 发布

木易丫ang

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-18 16:32:46 发布

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点赞数 4

文章标签：数据库 sqlite

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2303_77327646/article/details/137358816

版权

使用通用视图的Tips

提供了什么功能

数据从哪里来

提供了哪些模板变量

views.py

from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views import View


# Create your views here.
class Chello(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return JsonResponse({'python': '这是get请求'})

    def post(self, request):
        return JsonResponse({'python': '这是post请求'})

urls.py

from django.urls import path
from .views import Chello

urlpatterns = [
    path('Chello/', Chello.as_view()),
    # path中的第二个参数应该是一个函数，所以 as_view()是将 Chello 这个类转换成函数
]

list view的使用

modeles.py

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
class Something(models.Model):
    msg = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    is_delete = models.BooleanField()

迁移

(class15env) PS D:\muyi\Django\muyi> python ./manage.py makemigrations
Migrations for 'the_10':
  the_10\migrations\0001_initial.py
    - Create model Something
(class15env) PS D:\muyi\Django\muyi> python .\manage.py migrate       
Operations to perform:
  Apply all migrations: admin, auth, contenttypes, sessions, the_10, the_5, the_7, the_8, the_9
Running migrations:
  Applying the_10.0001_initial... OK
(class15env) PS D:\muyi\Django\muyi>

admin.py

from django.contrib import admin
from the_10.models import Something
# Register your models here.
admin.site.register(Something)

后台添加数据

views.py

from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views import View
from django.views.generic import ListView

from the_10.models import Something


# Create your views here.
class Chello(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return JsonResponse({'python': '这是get请求'})

    def post(self, request):
        return JsonResponse({'python': '这是post请求'})


class Mylistviews(ListView):
    # model = Something  # 读取所有数据
    # queryset = Something.objects.all()  # 读取所有数据
    def get_queryset(self):  # 自定义查询字段
        queryset = Something.objects.filter(is_delete=0)
        return queryset

urls.py

from django.urls import path
from .views import Chello, Mylistviews

urlpatterns = [
    path('Chello/', Chello.as_view()),
    # path中的第二个参数应该是一个函数，所以 as_view()是将 Chello 这个类转换成函数
    path('Mylistviews/', Mylistviews.as_view())
]

Something_list.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>这是 Somthing_list的页面</h1>
    <ul>
        {% for i in object_list %}
        <li>{{i.msg}}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>

</body>
</html>

效果

提供了什么功能

以列表形式展示数据的功能

数据从哪里来

数据从数据库查询得来

model

model = Something

queryset

queryset = Something.objects.all()

get_queryset

def get_queryset(self):  # 自定义查询字段
    queryset = Something.objects.filter(is_delete=0)
    return queryset

提供了那些模板变量

object_list

    <ul>
        {% for i in object_list %}
        <li>{{i.msg}}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>

自定义

context_object_name = 'muyi'

    <ul>
        {% for i in muyi %}
        <li>{{i.msg}}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>

something_list

    <ul>
        {% for i in something_list %}
        <li>{{i.msg}}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>

渲染的模板页

默认

模型名的小写_list.html

自定义

template_name = 'the_10/haoke.html'

分页

views.py

from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.views import View
from django.views.generic import ListView

from the_10.models import Something


# Create your views here.
class Chello(View):
    def get(self, request):
        return JsonResponse({'python': '这是get请求'})

    def post(self, request):
        return JsonResponse({'python': '这是post请求'})


class Mylistviews(ListView):
    # 标页数 —— 两行一页
    paginate_by = 2

    # model = Something  # 读取所有数据
    # queryset = Something.objects.all()  # 读取所有数据
    def get_queryset(self):  # 自定义查询字段
        queryset = Something.objects.filter(is_delete=0)
        return queryset

    # 自定义模板变量名
    context_object_name = 'muyi'
    # 自定义渲染模板名
    template_name = 'the_10/haoke.html'

urls.py

from django.urls import path
from .views import Chello, Mylistviews

urlpatterns = [
    path('Chello/', Chello.as_view()),
    # path中的第二个参数应该是一个函数，所以 as_view()是将 Chello 这个类转换成函数
    path('Mylistviews/', Mylistviews.as_view(), name = 'something')
]

haoke.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>这是 haoke 的页面</h1>
    <ul>
        {% for i in muyi %}
        <li>{{i.msg}}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>
    {% for page in paginator %}
{#        ?page={{ page.number }} 点击几就显示第几页#}
        <a href="{% url 'something' %}?page={{ page.number }}" >
{#        分几页#}
        {{ page.number }}
    {% endfor %}
    </a>
</body>
</html>