C++课堂作业3

1、输入一行字符，分别统计出其中英文字母、空格、数字和其他字符的个数。

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
  
    string s;
    getline(cin, s);
    int num = 0, space = 0, word = 0, other = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < s.size(); i++)
    {
        if (s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9')
        {
            num++;
        }
        else if (s[i] >= 'a' && s[i] <= 'z')
        {
            word++;
        }
        else if (s[i] == ' ')
        {
            space++;
        }
        else
        {
            other++;
        }
    }
    cout << "英文字母的个数：" << word << endl
         << "空格的个数:" << space << endl
         << "数字的个数: " << num << endl
         << "其他字符的个数:" << other << endl;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

2、输出所有的水仙花数，所谓“水仙花数”是指一个3位数，其各位数字的立方之和等于该数本身。如153是水仙花数，因为153=13+53+33

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    

    int j = 1;
    for (int n = 100; n < 1000; n++)
    {
        int sum = 0, a, b, c;
        a = n % 10;
        b = n / 10 % 10;
        c = n / 10 / 10 % 10;
        sum += pow(a, 3) + pow(b, 3) + pow(c, 3);
        if (sum == n)
        {

            cout << "第" << j++ << "个水仙花数为：" << n << endl;
        }
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

3、输入一个整数，将各位数字反转后生成一个反转的新数，并输出这个新数。

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{

    cout << "please enter a number" << endl;
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    int temp = 0;
    while (n)
    {
        temp = temp * 10 + n % 10;
        n /= 10;
    }
    cout << temp << endl;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

4、假设一张纸的厚度为0.5mm，每对折一次，厚度就增加一倍，编程计算对折多少次后，纸的厚度将超过珠穆朗玛峰的高度8848.13m？

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

int main() {    
  
    double thickness = 0.0005;
    double height = 8848.13;
    int folds = 0; 

   
    while (thickness < height) {
        thickness *= 2;
        folds++; 
    }

    cout << "需要对折 " << folds << " 次,纸张厚度才会超过珠穆朗玛峰的高度." << endl;
system("pause");
    return 0;
}

5、编写程序，输出如下的数字金字塔

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int n;
    cin >> n;
    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 1; j <= n - i; j++)
            cout << " ";
        for (int k = 1; k <= i; k++)
            cout << k;
        for (int m = i - 1; m > 0; m--)
            cout << m;
        cout << endl;
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}

6、编写程序，求三角形的三边长在30以内（包括30）能够构成直角三角形的所有可能的情况（要求：把能够构成直角三角形的三个边长值输出）

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

bool isRightTriangle(int a, int b, int c)
{
    // 判断三边长是否能构成三角形
    if (a + b <= c || a + c <= b || b + c <= a)
    {
        return false;
    }

    if (a * a + b * b == c * c)
    {
        return true;
    }
    return false;
}

int main()
{

    cout << "三边长在30以内(包括30)能够构成直角三角形的情况如下:" << endl;

    for (int a = 1; a <= 30; a++)
    {
        for (int b = a; b <= 30; b++)
        {
            for (int c = b + 1; c <= 30; c++)
            {
                if (isRightTriangle(a, b, c))
                {
                    cout << a << " " << b << " " << c << endl;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}