打印沙漏（输出字符串）

#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int n;
    char ch;
    cin >> n >> ch;
    /*
    补全->对称
   *****
    ***
     *
     *
    ***
   *****
    */
    int M = sqrt((n + 1) / 2); //重点：半边层数
      //等差数列  a1+n（n-1）d/2;  d=2;
    

    for (int i = M; i >= 1; i--)
    { // 上层
        for (int j = 1; j <= M - i; j++)
        {
            cout << ' ';
        }
        for (int j = 1; j <= 2 * i - 1; j++)
        {
            cout << ch;
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    for (int i = 2; i <= M; i++)
    {
        // 下层
        for (int j = 1; j <= M - i; j++)
        {
            cout << ' ';
        }
        for (int j = 1; j <= 2 * i - 1; j++)
        {
            cout << ch;
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
    cout << n - M * M * 2 + 1 << endl;
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}