HarmonyOS实战开发-前端页面调用应用侧函数

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开发者使用Web组件将应用侧代码注册到前端页面中,注册完成之后,前端页面中使用注册的对象名称就可以调用应用侧的函数,实现在前端页面中调用应用侧方法。

注册应用侧代码有两种方式,一种在Web组件初始化调用,使用javaScriptProxy()接口。另外一种在Web组件初始化完成后调用,使用registerJavaScriptProxy()接口。

在下面的示例中,将test()方法注册在前端页面中, 该函数可以在前端页面触发运行。

  • javaScriptProxy()接口使用示例如下。
// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }

  test(): string {
    return 'ArkTS Hello World!';
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct WebComponent {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  // 声明需要注册的对象
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      // web组件加载本地index.html页面
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController})
        // 将对象注入到web端
        .javaScriptProxy({
          object: this.testObj,
          name: "testObjName",
          methodList: ["test"],
          controller: this.webviewController
        })
    }
  }
}
  • 应用侧使用registerJavaScriptProxy()接口注册。
// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }

  test(): string {
    return "ArkUI Web Component";
  }

  toString(): void {
    console.log('Web Component toString');
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}

说明:

使用registerJavaScriptProxy()接口注册方法时,注册后需调用refresh()接口生效。

  • index.html前端页面触发应用侧代码。
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    function callArkTS() {
        let str = testObjName.test();
        document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = str;
        console.info('ArkTS Hello World! :' + str);
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

复杂类型使用方法

  • 应用侧和前端页面之间传递Array。
// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }

  test(): Array<Number>{
    return [1, 2, 3, 4]
  }

  toString(param:String): void {
    console.log('Web Component toString' + param);
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    function callArkTS() {
        testObjName.toString(testObjName.test());
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>
  • 应用侧和前端页面之间传递不带Function的Dictionary。
// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class student {
  name: string = ''
  age: string = ''
}

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }

  test(): student {
    let st: student = {name:"jeck", age:"12"}
    return st
  }

  toString(param: ESObject): void {
    console.log('Web Component toString' + param["name"]);
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    function callArkTS() {
        testObjName.toString(testObjName.test());
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>
  • 应用侧调用前端页面的Callback。
// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }

  test(param: Function): void {
    param("call callback");
  }

  toString(param:String): void {
    console.log('Web Component toString' + param);
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    function callArkTS() {
        testObjName.test(function(param){testObjName.toString(param)});
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>
  • 应用侧和前端页面之间传递基础类型,非Function等复杂类型。
// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }
  
  test(param: ESObject): void {
    param.hello("call obj func");
  }

  toString(param:String): void {
    console.log('Web Component toString' + param);
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    // 写法1
    class Student {
        constructor(nameList) {
            this.methodNameListForJsProxy = nameList;
        }

        hello(param) {
            testObjName.toString(param)
        }
    }
    var st = new Student(["hello"])

    // 写法2
    //创建一个构造器,构造函数首字母大写
    function Obj1(){
        this.methodNameListForJsProxy=["hello"];
        this.hello=function(param){
            testObjName.toString(param)
        };
    }
    //利用构造器,通过new关键字生成对象
    var st1 = new Obj1();

    function callArkTS() {
        testObjName.test(st);
        testObjName.test(st1);
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>
  • 前端页面调用应用侧Object里的Function。
// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class ObjOther {
    methodNameListForJsProxy: string[]

    constructor(list: string[]) {
        this.methodNameListForJsProxy = list
    }

    testOther(json:string): void {
        console.info(json)
    }
}

class testClass {
  ObjReturn:ObjOther
  constructor() {
    this.ObjReturn =  new ObjOther(["testOther"]);
  }

  test(): ESObject {
    return this.ObjReturn
  }

  toString(param: string): void {
    console.log('Web Component toString' + param);
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    function callArkTS() {
      testObjName.test().testOther("call other object func");
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>
  • Promise场景。

第一种使用方法,在应用侧new Promise。

// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }

  test(): Promise<string> {
      let p: Promise<string> = new Promise((resolve, reject) => {  setTimeout(() => {console.log('执行完成'); reject('fail');}, 10000);});
      return p;
  }

  toString(param:String): void {
      console.log(" " + param)
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    function callArkTS() {
      testObjName.test().then((param)=>{testObjName.toString(param)}).catch((param)=>{testObjName.toString(param)})
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

第二种使用方法,在前端页面new Promise。

// xxx.ets
import web_webview from '@ohos.web.webview';
import business_error from '@ohos.base';

class testClass {
  constructor() {
  }

  test(param:Function): void {
      setTimeout( () => { param("suc") }, 10000)
  }

  toString(param:String): void {
      console.log(" " + param)
  }
}

@Entry
@Component
struct Index {
  webviewController: web_webview.WebviewController = new web_webview.WebviewController();
  @State testObj: testClass = new testClass();

  build() {
    Column() {
      Button('refresh')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.refresh();
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Button('Register JavaScript To Window')
        .onClick(() => {
          try {
            this.webviewController.registerJavaScriptProxy(this.testObj, "testObjName", ["test", "toString"]);
          } catch (error) {
            let e: business_error.BusinessError = error as business_error.BusinessError;
            console.error(`ErrorCode: ${e.code},  Message: ${e.message}`);
          }
        })
      Web({ src: $rawfile('index.html'), controller: this.webviewController })
    }
  }
}
<!-- index.html -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<button type="button" onclick="callArkTS()">Click Me!</button>
<p id="demo"></p>
<script>
    function callArkTS() {
      let funpromise
      var p = new Promise(function(resolve, reject){funpromise=(param)=>{resolve(param)}})
      testObjName.test(funpromise)
      p.then((param)=>{testObjName.toString(param)})
    }
</script>
</body>
</html>

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