既有适合小白学习的零基础资料,也有适合3年以上经验的小伙伴深入学习提升的进阶课程,涵盖了95%以上大数据知识点,真正体系化!
由于文件比较多,这里只是将部分目录截图出来,全套包含大厂面经、学习笔记、源码讲义、实战项目、大纲路线、讲解视频,并且后续会持续更新
def minor_segments(s):
"""
Perform minor segmenting on a string. This is like major
segmenting, except it also captures from the start of the
input to each break.
"""
minor_breaks = '_.'
last = -1
results = set()
for idx, ch in enumerate(s):
if ch in minor_breaks:
segment = s[last+1:idx]
results.add(segment)
segment = s[:idx]
results.add(segment)
last = idx
segment = s[last+1:]
results.add(segment)
results.add(s)
return results
次要分割
次要分割和主要分割的逻辑类似,只是还会把从开始部分到当前分割的结果加入。例如“1.2.3.4”的次要分割会有1,2,3,4,1.2,1.2.3
def segments(event):
"""Simple wrapper around major_segments / minor_segments"""
results = set()
for major in major_segments(event):
for minor in minor_segments(major):
results.add(minor)
return results
分词的逻辑就是对文本先进行主要分割,对每一个主要分割在进行次要分割。然后把所有分出来的词返回。
我们看看这段 code是如何运行的:
for term in segments('src_ip = 1.2.3.4'):
print term
src
1.2
1.2.3.4
src_ip
3
1
1.2.3
ip
2
=
4
搜索
好了,有个分词和布隆过滤器这两个利器的支撑后,我们就可以来实现搜索的功能了。
上代码:
class Splunk(object):
def __init__(self):
self.bf = Bloomfilter(64)
self.terms = {} # Dictionary of term to set of events
self.events = []
def add_event(self, event):
"""Adds an event to this object"""
# Generate a unique ID for the event, and save it
event_id = len(self.events)
self.events.append(event)
# Add each term to the bloomfilter, and track the event by each term
for term in segments(event):
self.bf.add_value(term)
if term not in self.terms:
self.terms[term] = set()
self.terms[term].add(event_id)
def search(self, term):
"""Search for a single term, and yield all the events that contain it"""
# In Splunk this runs in O(1), and is likely to be in filesystem cache (memory)
if not self.bf.might_contain(term):
return
# In Splunk this probably runs in O(log N) where N is the number of terms in the tsidx
if term not in self.terms:
return
for event_id in sorted(self.terms[term]):
yield self.events[event_id]
- Splunk代表一个拥有搜索功能的索引集合
- 每一个集合中包含一个布隆过滤器,一个倒排词表(字典),和一个存储所有事件的数组
- 当一个事件被加入到索引的时候,会做以下的逻辑
- 为每一个事件生成一个unqie id,这里就是序号
- 对事件进行分词,把每一个词加入到倒排词表,也就是每一个词对应的事件的id的映射结构,注意,一个词可能对应多个事件,所以倒排表的的值是一个Set。倒排表是绝大部分搜索引擎的核心功能。
- 当一个词被搜索的时候,会做以下的逻辑
- 检查布隆过滤器,如果为假,直接返回
- 检查词表,如果被搜索单词不在词表中,直接返回
- 在倒排表中找到所有对应的事件id,然后返回事件的内容
我们运行下看看把:
s = Splunk()
s.add_event('src_ip = 1.2.3.4')
s.add_event('src_ip = 5.6.7.8')
s.add_event('dst_ip = 1.2.3.4')
for event in s.search('1.2.3.4'):
print event
print '-'
for event in s.search('src_ip'):
print event
print '-'
for event in s.search('ip'):
print event
src_ip = 1.2.3.4
dst_ip = 1.2.3.4
-
src_ip = 1.2.3.4
src_ip = 5.6.7.8
-
src_ip = 1.2.3.4
src_ip = 5.6.7.8
dst_ip = 1.2.3.4
是不是很赞!
更复杂的搜索
更进一步,在搜索过程中,我们想用And和Or来实现更复杂的搜索逻辑。
上代码:
class SplunkM(object):
def __init__(self):
self.bf = Bloomfilter(64)
self.terms = {} # Dictionary of term to set of events
self.events = []
def add_event(self, event):
"""Adds an event to this object"""
# Generate a unique ID for the event, and save it
event_id = len(self.events)
self.events.append(event)
# Add each term to the bloomfilter, and track the event by each term
for term in segments(event):
self.bf.add_value(term)
if term not in self.terms:
self.terms[term] = set()
self.terms[term].add(event_id)
def search_all(self, terms):
"""Search for an AND of all terms"""
# Start with the universe of all events...
results = set(range(len(self.events)))
for term in terms:
# If a term isn't present at all then we can stop looking
if not self.bf.might_contain(term):
return
if term not in self.terms:
return
# Drop events that don't match from our results
results = results.intersection(self.terms[term])
for event_id in sorted(results):
yield self.events[event_id]
def search_any(self, terms):
"""Search for an OR of all terms"""
results = set()
for term in terms:
# If a term isn't present, we skip it, but don't stop
if not self.bf.might_contain(term):
continue
if term not in self.terms:
continue
# Add these events to our results
results = results.union(self.terms[term])
for event_id in sorted(results):
yield self.events[event_id]
利用Python集合的intersection和union操作,可以很方便的支持And(求交集)和Or(求合集)的操作。
运行结果如下:
s = SplunkM()
s.add_event('src_ip = 1.2.3.4')
s.add_event('src_ip = 5.6.7.8')
s.add_event('dst_ip = 1.2.3.4')
for event in s.search_all(['src_ip', '5.6']):
print event
print '-'
for event in s.search_any(['src_ip', 'dst_ip']):
print event
src_ip = 5.6.7.8
-
src_ip = 1.2.3.4
src_ip = 5.6.7.8
dst_ip = 1.2.3.4
总结
以上的代码只是为了说明大数据搜索的基本原理,包括布隆过滤器,分词和倒排表。如果大家真的想要利用这代码来实现真正的搜索功能,还差的太远。
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!
5083395063)]
[外链图片转存中…(img-oi7ZKSQW-1715083395064)]
网上学习资料一大堆,但如果学到的知识不成体系,遇到问题时只是浅尝辄止,不再深入研究,那么很难做到真正的技术提升。
一个人可以走的很快,但一群人才能走的更远!不论你是正从事IT行业的老鸟或是对IT行业感兴趣的新人,都欢迎加入我们的的圈子(技术交流、学习资源、职场吐槽、大厂内推、面试辅导),让我们一起学习成长!