Handler--更新UI的方法

2401_84903885

于 2024-05-14 01:43:07 发布

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分类专栏：程序员文章标签： ui

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/2401_84903885/article/details/138827500

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@Override
protected void onRestart() {
super.onRestart(); /onRestart中开启新线程，更新UI/
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
tv.setText(“update UI is success!”);
btn.setText(“update UI is success!”);
}

});
thread.start();
}

不好意思，按下返回按钮在启动程序，或者按 Home 键再启动程序，就这么折腾几下，就会包异常！信息如下：

android.view.ViewRoot$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.

意思是：只有主线程才可以更新 UI。

解决办法：加上 postInvalidate() 方法。

@Override protected void onRestart() {
super.onRestart(); /onRestart中开启新线程，更新UI/
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
tv.postInvalidate(); btn.postInvalidate();
tv.setText(“update UI is success!”);
btn.setText(“update UI is success!”);
}
});
thread.start();
}

postInvalidate() 方法，源码：

public void postInvalidate() {
postInvalidateDelayed(0);
}

public void postInvalidateDelayed(long delayMilliseconds) {
// We try only with the AttachInfo because there’s no point in invalidating
// if we are not attached to our window
if (mAttachInfo != null) {
Message msg = Message.obtain();
msg.what = AttachInfo.INVALIDATE_MSG;
msg.obj = this;
mAttachInfo.mHandler.sendMessageDelayed(msg, delayMilliseconds);
}
}

其实，是调用了 Handler 的处理消息的机制！该方法可以在子线程中直接用来更新UI。还有一个方法 invalidate ()，稍候再说！

3. 在 Button 的事件中开启线程，更新 UI

public class MasterActivity extends Activity {
TextView tv = null; Button btn = null;
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.text);
btn = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn);
btn.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
Thread thread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override public void run() {
System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + ": " + Thread.currentThread().getId());
tv.setText(“update UI is success!”);
btn.setText(“update UI is success!”);
}
});
thread.start();
}
});
}

Sorry，报错！即使你加上 postInvalidate() 方法，也会报这个错误。

android.view.ViewRoot$CalledFromWrongThreadException: Only the original thread that created a view hierarchy can touch its views.

4. 使用 Handler 结合多线程更新 UI

a. 开启一个线程，在 run 方法中通知 Handler

b. Handler 中使用 handleMessage 方法更新 UI

5. Handler 和 invalidate 方法结合多线程更新 UI

方法 invalidate 主要用在主线程中（即UI 线程中），不可以用于子线程。如果在子线程中需要使用 postInvalidate 方法。

sdk 的 api 有说明：

public void invalidate () Since: API Level 1 Invalidate the whole view.
If the view is visible, onDraw(Canvas) will be called at some point in the future.
This must be called from a UI thread. To call from a non-UI thread, call postInvalidate().

看看该方法源码：

public void invalidate() {
if (ViewDebug.TRACE_HIERARCHY) {
ViewDebug.trace(this, ViewDebug.HierarchyTraceType.INVALIDATE);
}
if ((mPrivateFlags & (DRAWN | HAS_BOUNDS)) == (DRAWN | HAS_BOUNDS)) {
mPrivateFlags &= ~DRAWN & ~DRAWING_CACHE_VALID;
final ViewParent p = mParent;
final AttachInfo ai = mAttachInfo;
if (p != null && ai != null) {
final Rect r = ai.mTmpInvalRect;
r.set(0, 0, mRight - mLeft, mBottom - mTop); // Don’t call invalidate – we don’t want to internally scroll // our own bounds p.invalidateChild(this, r); } } }
}
}
}

invalidate 方法如果你直接在主线程中调用，是看不到任何更新的。需要与Handler结合！

感谢这位“雷锋”，一个不错的例子：http://disanji.net/2010/12/12/android-invalidate-ondraw/

只是被我修改了一点，加入times，看看 onDraw 到底运行多少次。

Android 在 onDraw 事件处理绘图，而 invalidate() 函数可以再一次触发 onDraw 事件,然后再一次进行绘图动作。

public class MasterActivity extends Activity {
static int times = 1;

/** Called when the activity is first created. */
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView( new View(null){

Paint vPaint = new Paint(); //绘制样式物件
private int i = 0; //弧形角度

@Override
protected void onDraw (Canvas canvas) {
super.onDraw(canvas);
System.out.println(“this run " + (times++) +” times!");

// 设定绘图样式
vPaint.setColor( 0xff00ffff ); //画笔颜色
vPaint.setAntiAlias( true ); //反锯齿
vPaint.setStyle( Paint.Style.STROKE );

// 绘制一个弧形
canvas.drawArc(new RectF(60, 120, 260, 320), 0, i, true, vPaint );