音乐作品 | 打击乐重奏《赵子龙截江》

作品简介

       醒狮，属于中国狮舞中的南狮，起源于广东省佛山市，是一种融合了武术、舞蹈、音乐的传统表演艺术，以神似神韵的追求而与形似逼真的北狮风格迥异，是珠三角地区一种历史悠久的重要民俗文化。

       佛山传统的舞狮不仅模仿动物动作，还会演绎古代的英雄人物，最常见的是三国演义的人物故事，将粤剧、武术和角色扮演等多种元素融入其中，展现出仁、义、勇、忠、孝、敬等中国传统文化核心价值。他们的表演程序非常有讲究，舞狮者根据所要表演的青阵（主题），须按一定的舞法与路线，结合锣鼓乐，完成整个套路式的表演最后“采青”。

       锣鼓点也是程式化的音乐表达，为锣鼓钹乐师与醒狮舞者间约定俗成的“语言”。一般为高边锣、大鼓和大镲3种乐器的合奏，以鼓为主导，鼓锣钹共鸣，计有【擂鼓】【高狮鼓】【高七星】【慢七星】【高三星】【低三星】等各种锣鼓点。锣鼓点的轻重缓急表现着狮子的不同神态与动作，其千变万化的组合更是指示了各种青阵独特的破解原理和舞动路线。

       中国打击乐重奏《赵子龙截江》主题源自南狮《赵云截江救阿斗》表演的“青阵”情节，包括“赵云雄狮出场”“桥头截船”“急追少主”“弃马上舟”“杀周善救主”等部分。作曲家在音乐中融入了【跑步鼓】【中展】【举花头】【察洞】【照水影】【滚花】【七星】【三星】等多个传统南狮的锣鼓点，结合西方多声部思维与音色组合变化等现代作曲技法，以七重奏的锣鼓乐形式呈现常山赵子龙征马冲刺的英勇事迹。

Introduction

Awakening Lion (Xingshi), a southern style of Chinese lion dance originating from Foshan City, Guangdong Province, is a traditional performing art that blends martial arts, dance, and music. Distinguished from the realistic northern lion dance, it emphasizes spirited charm and vivid expressiveness, embodying a long-standing folk culture of the Pearl River Delta region.

     Foshan’s traditional lion dance not only mimics animal movements but also dramatizes legendary heroes, most commonly figures from Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Integrating Cantonese opera, martial arts, and role-playing, it showcases core Chinese cultural values such as benevolence, righteousness, courage, loyalty, filial piety, and reverence. The performance follows a highly codified sequence: dancers, guided by the "Qingzhen" (a thematic challenge), execute prescribed movements and routes accompanied by percussion music, culminating in the ritual of "plucking the greens".

     The percussion patterns—a stylized musical language between drummers and dancers—are standardized compositions played on three primary instruments: the gaobian gong, bass drum, and large cymbals. The drum leads while the gong and cymbals harmonize, featuring rhythmic motifs like [Leigu] (rolling drum), [Gaoshigu] (high lion drum), [Gaoqixing] (high seven stars), [Manqixing] (slow seven stars), [Gaosanxing] (high three stars), and [Disanxing] (low three stars). These dynamic rhythms dictate the lion’s expressions and movements, with intricate variations guiding the unique solutions and choreography for each Qingzhen.

       The Chinese percussion ensemble piece Zhao Zilong Intercepting the River draws its theme from the Qingzhen performance Zhao Yun Rescues Adou at the River, depicting episodes such as "Zhao Yun’s Grand Entrance," "Intercepting the Boat at the Bridge," "Pursuing the Young Master," "Abandoning Horse for Boat," and "Slaying Zhou Shan to Save the Lord." The composer interweaves traditional southern lion drumming patterns—[Running Drum], [Zhongzhan], [Juhuatou], [Chadong], [Zhaoshuiying], [Gunhua], [Qixing], [Sanxing]—with Western polyphonic techniques and timbral variations. Through a septet percussion arrangement, the music vividly portrays the heroic exploits of Zhao Zilong of Changshan, charging fearlessly into battle.

《赵子龙截江》南狮版首演