muodu 开源阅读（二）

muduo定时器分析

muduo涉及定时器的类包括：TimerQueue,   TimerId,   Timer,   Timestamp。

TimerId

class Timer;

///
/// An opaque identifier, for canceling Timer.
///
class TimerId : public muduo::copyable
{
 public:
  TimerId()
    : timer_(NULL),
      sequence_(0)
  {
  }

  TimerId(Timer* timer, int64_t seq)
    : timer_(timer),
      sequence_(seq)
  {
  }

  // default copy-ctor, dtor and assignment are okay

  friend class TimerQueue;

 private:
  Timer* timer_;
  int64_t sequence_;//<span style="color:#ff0000;">NO.1</span>
};

}
}

#endif  // MUDUO_NET_TIMERID_H

TimerId主要用来取消Timer的。包括两个成员变量：Timer和sequence_。

Timer

Timer.h

class Timer : boost::noncopyable
{
 public:
  Timer(const TimerCallback& cb, Timestamp when, double interval)
    : callback_(cb),
      expiration_(when),
      interval_(interval),
      repeat_(interval > 0.0),
      sequence_(s_numCreated_.incrementAndGet())
  { }

#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
  Timer(TimerCallback&& cb, Timestamp when, double interval)
    : callback_(std::move(cb)),
      expiration_(when),
      interval_(interval),
      repeat_(interval > 0.0),
      sequence_(s_numCreated_.incrementAndGet())
  { }
#endif

  void run() const
  {
    callback_();
  }

  Timestamp expiration() const  { return expiration_; }
  bool repeat() const { return repeat_; }
  int64_t sequence() const { return sequence_; }

  void restart(Timestamp now);

  static int64_t numCreated() { return s_numCreated_.get(); }

 private:
  const TimerCallback callback_;//定时器回调函数
  Timestamp expiration_;//下一次超时时刻
  const double interval_;//定时器的时间间隔
  const bool repeat_;
  const int64_t sequence_;//<span style="color:#ff0000;">NO.2</span>

  static AtomicInt64 s_numCreated_;//<span style="color:#ff0000;">NO.3</span>
};

AtomicInt64 Timer::s_numCreated_;

void Timer::restart(Timestamp now)
{
  if (repeat_)
  {
    expiration_ = addTime(now, interval_);
  }
  else
  {
    expiration_ = Timestamp::invalid();
  }
}

TimerQueue

TimerQueue.h:

class TimerQueue : boost::noncopyable
{
 public:
  TimerQueue(EventLoop* loop);//构造函数的参数是EventLoop。
  ~TimerQueue();

  ///
  /// Schedules the callback to be run at given time,
  /// repeats if @c interval > 0.0.
  ///
  /// Must be thread safe. Usually be called from other threads.
  TimerId addTimer(const TimerCallback& cb,
                   Timestamp when,
                   double interval);
#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
  TimerId addTimer(TimerCallback&& cb,
                   Timestamp when,
                   double interval);
#endif

  void cancel(TimerId timerId);

 private:

  // FIXME: use unique_ptr<Timer> instead of raw pointers.
  typedef std::pair<Timestamp, Timer*> Entry;
  typedef std::set<Entry> TimerList;//平衡二叉树的体现。
  typedef std::pair<Timer*, int64_t> ActiveTimer;
  typedef std::set<ActiveTimer> ActiveTimerSet;

  void addTimerInLoop(Timer* timer);
  void cancelInLoop(TimerId timerId);
  // called when timerfd alarms
  void handleRead();
  // move out all expired timers
  std::vector<Entry> getExpired(Timestamp now);
  void reset(const std::vector<Entry>& expired, Timestamp now);

  bool insert(Timer* timer);

  EventLoop* loop_;
  const int timerfd_;
  Channel timerfdChannel_;
  // Timer list sorted by expiration
  TimerList timers_;

  // for cancel()
  ActiveTimerSet activeTimers_;
  bool callingExpiredTimers_; /* atomic */
  ActiveTimerSet cancelingTimers_;
};

}
}

TimerQueue.c:

TimerQueue::TimerQueue(EventLoop* loop)
  : loop_(loop),
    timerfd_(createTimerfd()),
    timerfdChannel_(loop, timerfd_),
    timers_(),
    callingExpiredTimers_(false)
{
  timerfdChannel_.setReadCallback(
      boost::bind(&TimerQueue::handleRead, this));
  // we are always reading the timerfd, we disarm it with timerfd_settime.
  timerfdChannel_.enableReading();
}

TimerQueue::~TimerQueue()
{
  timerfdChannel_.disableAll();
  timerfdChannel_.remove();
  ::close(timerfd_);
  // do not remove channel, since we're in EventLoop::dtor();
  for (TimerList::iterator it = timers_.begin();
      it != timers_.end(); ++it)
  {
    delete it->second;
  }
}

TimerId TimerQueue::addTimer(const TimerCallback& cb,
                             Timestamp when,
                             double interval)
{
  Timer* timer = new Timer(cb, when, interval);
  loop_->runInLoop(
      boost::bind(&TimerQueue::addTimerInLoop, this, timer));
  return TimerId(timer, timer->sequence());
}

#ifdef __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__
TimerId TimerQueue::addTimer(TimerCallback&& cb,
                             Timestamp when,
                             double interval)
{
  Timer* timer = new Timer(std::move(cb), when, interval);
  loop_->runInLoop(
      boost::bind(&TimerQueue::addTimerInLoop, this, timer));
  return TimerId(timer, timer->sequence());
}
#endif

void TimerQueue::cancel(TimerId timerId)
{
  loop_->runInLoop(
      boost::bind(&TimerQueue::cancelInLoop, this, timerId));
}

void TimerQueue::addTimerInLoop(Timer* timer)
{
  loop_->assertInLoopThread();
  bool earliestChanged = insert(timer);

  if (earliestChanged)
  {
    resetTimerfd(timerfd_, timer->expiration());
  }
}

void TimerQueue::cancelInLoop(TimerId timerId)
{
  loop_->assertInLoopThread();
  assert(timers_.size() == activeTimers_.size());
  ActiveTimer timer(timerId.timer_, timerId.sequence_);
  ActiveTimerSet::iterator it = activeTimers_.find(timer);
  if (it != activeTimers_.end())
  {
    size_t n = timers_.erase(Entry(it->first->expiration(), it->first));
    assert(n == 1); (void)n;
    delete it->first; // FIXME: no delete please
    activeTimers_.erase(it);
  }
  else if (callingExpiredTimers_)
  {
    cancelingTimers_.insert(timer);
  }
  assert(timers_.size() == activeTimers_.size());
}

void TimerQueue::handleRead()
{
  loop_->assertInLoopThread();
  Timestamp now(Timestamp::now());
  readTimerfd(timerfd_, now);

  std::vector<Entry> expired = getExpired(now);

  callingExpiredTimers_ = true;
  cancelingTimers_.clear();
  // safe to callback outside critical section
  for (std::vector<Entry>::iterator it = expired.begin();
      it != expired.end(); ++it)
  {
    it->second->run();
  }
  callingExpiredTimers_ = false;

  reset(expired, now);
}

std::vector<TimerQueue::Entry> TimerQueue::getExpired(Timestamp now)
{
  assert(timers_.size() == activeTimers_.size());
  std::vector<Entry> expired;
  Entry sentry(now, reinterpret_cast<Timer*>(UINTPTR_MAX));
  TimerList::iterator end = timers_.lower_bound(sentry);
  assert(end == timers_.end() || now < end->first);
  std::copy(timers_.begin(), end, back_inserter(expired));
  timers_.erase(timers_.begin(), end);

  for (std::vector<Entry>::iterator it = expired.begin();
      it != expired.end(); ++it)
  {
    ActiveTimer timer(it->second, it->second->sequence());
    size_t n = activeTimers_.erase(timer);
    assert(n == 1); (void)n;
  }

  assert(timers_.size() == activeTimers_.size());
  return expired;
}

void TimerQueue::reset(const std::vector<Entry>& expired, Timestamp now)
{
  Timestamp nextExpire;

  for (std::vector<Entry>::const_iterator it = expired.begin();
      it != expired.end(); ++it)
  {
    ActiveTimer timer(it->second, it->second->sequence());
    if (it->second->repeat()
        && cancelingTimers_.find(timer) == cancelingTimers_.end())
    {
      it->second->restart(now);
      insert(it->second);
    }
    else
    {
      // FIXME move to a free list
      delete it->second; // FIXME: no delete please
    }
  }

  if (!timers_.empty())
  {
    nextExpire = timers_.begin()->second->expiration();
  }

  if (nextExpire.valid())
  {
    resetTimerfd(timerfd_, nextExpire);
  }
}

bool TimerQueue::insert(Timer* timer)
{
  loop_->assertInLoopThread();
  assert(timers_.size() == activeTimers_.size());
  bool earliestChanged = false;
  Timestamp when = timer->expiration();
  TimerList::iterator it = timers_.begin();
  if (it == timers_.end() || when < it->first)
  {
    earliestChanged = true;
  }
  {
    std::pair<TimerList::iterator, bool> result
      = timers_.insert(Entry(when, timer));
    assert(result.second); (void)result;
  }
  {
    std::pair<ActiveTimerSet::iterator, bool> result
      = activeTimers_.insert(ActiveTimer(timer, timer->sequence()));
    assert(result.second); (void)result;
  }

  assert(timers_.size() == activeTimers_.size());
  return earliestChanged;
}