例13.13 有5个学生的数据,要求:
(1)把它们存到磁盘文件中。
(2)将磁盘文件中的第1,3,5个学生数据读入程序,并显示出来。
(3)将第3个学生的数据修改后存回磁盘文件中的原有位置。
(4)从磁盘文件读入修改后的5个学生的数据并显示出来。
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
struct student
{
int num;
char name[20];
float score;
};
int main()
{
student stud[5]=
{
1001,"Li",85,
1002,"Fang",97.5,
1004,"Wang",54,
1006,"Tan",76.5,
1010,"ling",96
};
fstream iofile("stud.dat",ios::in|ios::out|ios::binary);
if(!iofile)
{
cerr<<"open error!"<<endl;
abort();
}
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
iofile.write((char*)&stud[i],sizeof(stud[i]));
}
student stud1[5];
for(int i=0;i<5;i=i+2)
{
iofile.seekg(i*sizeof(stud[i]),ios::beg);
iofile.read((char*)&stud1[i/2],sizeof(stud1[0]));
cout<<stud1[i/2].num<<" "<<stud1[i/2].name<<" "<<stud1[i/2].score<<endl;
}
cout<<endl;
stud[2].num=1012;
strcpy(stud[2].name,"Wu");
stud[2].score=60;
iofile.seekp(2*sizeof(stud[0]),ios::beg);
iofile.write((char*)&stud[2],sizeof(stud[2]));
iofile.seekg(0,ios::beg);
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
iofile.read((char *)&stud[i],sizeof(stud[i]));
cout<<stud[i].num<<" "<<stud[i].name<<" "<<stud[i].score<<endl;
}
iofile.close();
return 0;
}
在VS2019下,需将源文件的strcpy做一些修改:
#include<iostream>
#include<cstring>
#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
struct student
{
int num;
char name[20];
float score;
};
int main()
{
student stud[5] =
{
1001,"Li",85,
1002,"Fang",97.5,
1004,"Wang",54,
1006,"Tan",76.5,
1010,"ling",96
};
fstream iofile("stud.dat", ios::in | ios::out | ios::binary);
if (!iofile)
{
cerr << "open error!" << endl;
abort();
}
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
iofile.write((char*)&stud[i], sizeof(stud[i]));
}
student stud1[5];
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i = i + 2)
{
iofile.seekg(i * sizeof(stud[i]), ios::beg);
iofile.read((char*)&stud1[i / 2], sizeof(stud1[0]));
cout << stud1[i / 2].num << " " << stud1[i / 2].name << " " << stud1[i / 2].score << endl;
}
cout << endl;
stud[2].num = 1012;
strcpy_s(stud[2].name, strlen("Wu") + 2, "Wu");
stud[2].score = 60;
iofile.seekp(2 * sizeof(stud[0]), ios::beg);
iofile.write((char*)&stud[2], sizeof(stud[2]));
iofile.seekg(0, ios::beg);
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
iofile.read((char*)&stud[i], sizeof(stud[i]));
cout << stud[i].num << " " << stud[i].name << " " << stud[i].score << endl;
}
iofile.close();
return 0;
}