dynamic_cast使用

dynamic_cast

/*
 *对指针进行dynamic_cast，失败返回null，成功返回正常cast后的对象指针； 
 *对引用进行dynamic_cast，失败抛出一个异常，成功返回正常cast后的对象引用
*/
#include <iostream>                                                                                                      
#include <typeinfo>
class Base {
    virtual int test() { #必须为virtual，不然编译报错
    	return 0;
    }
};
class Derived : public Base {
    virtual int test() {
    	return 1;
    }
};
int main() {
    Base b1;
    Derived d1;
    //case 1:
    Base *b1 = new Base;
    if (Derived *d1 = dynamic_cast<Derived*> (b1)) { //fail
        std::cout << "cast b1* successful." << std::endl;
    }
    //case 2:
    Base *b2 = new Derived;
    if (Derived *d2 = dynamic_cast<Derived*> (b2)) {  //success
        std::cout << "cast b2* successful." << std::endl;
        d2->test();
    }
    //case 3
    try{
        Derived &d1 = dynamic_cast<Derived&> (*b1); //fail
    } catch(std::bad_cast) {
        std::cout << "cast b1& successful." << std::endl;
    }
    //case 4
    try{
        Derived &d2 = dynamic_cast<Derived&> (*b2); //success
        d2.test();
    } catch(std::bad_cast) {
        std::cout << "cast b2& successful." << std::endl;
    }
    return 0;
}