Cobbler部署指南之配置管理篇[上文]

《Cobbler部署指南》系列

1、《Cobbler部署指南之安装篇》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166589

2、《Cobbler部署指南之配置管理篇[上文]》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166921

3、《Cobbler部署指南之配置管理篇[下文]》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166932

4、《Cobbler部署指南之yum仓库配置管理篇》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166936

5、《Cobbler部署指南之Cobbler安装操作系统篇》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166947

6、《Cobbler部署指南之安装虚拟化Xen系统篇》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166950

7、《Cobbler部署指南之电源管理篇》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166957

8、《Cobbler部署指南之FAQ处理篇》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1167078
 

四、配置管理Cobbler

4.1 Cobbler命令说明

命令名称	命令用途
cobbler check	检查cobbler配置
cobbler list	列出所有的cobbler元素
cobbler report	列出元素的详细信息
cobbler distro	查看导入的发行版系统信息
cobbler system	查看添加的系统信息
cobbler profile	查看配置信息
cobbler sync	同步Cobbler配置，更改配置最好都要执行下
cobbler reposync	同步yum仓库

命令参考

cobbler --help

cobbler distro --help 

cobbler distro add --help

4.2 Cobbler配置文件说明

Cobbler 配置文件存放在/etc/cobbler下

配置文件名称	作    用
/etc/cobbler/settings	Cobbler 主配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.digest	用于web访问的用户名密码配置文件
/etc/cobbler/modules.conf	模块配置文件
/etc/cobbler/users.conf	Cobbler WebUI/Web  服务授权配置文件
/etc/cobbler/iso/	Buildiso  模板配置文件
/etc/cobbler/power	电源配置文件
/etc/cobbler/pxe	Pxeprofile 配置模板
/etc/cobbler	此目录也包含rsync、dhcp、dns、pxe、dnsmasq等服务的模板配置文件

   

4.3 系统镜像数据目录/var/www/cobbler

导入的系统发行版，repos镜像和kickstart文件都放置在/var/www/cobbler目录下。确保/var目录有足够的空间来存储这些文件。

目录名称	作    用
/var/www/cobbler/images/	存储所有导入发行版的Kernel和initrd镜像用于远程网络启动
/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/	存储导入的发行版系统数据
/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror/	仓库存储目录
/var/log/cobbler	Cobbler 日志文件 cobbler.log install.log

4.4 Cobbler数据目录/var/lib/cobbler

此目录存储和Cobbler profiles、systems、distros相关的配置。

目录名称	作    用
/var/lib/cobbler/config/	存放distros、repos、systems和profiles等信息配置文件，一般都是json文件
/var/lib/cobbler/snippets/	存放ks文件可以导入的脚本小片段，值得研究
/var/lib/cobbler/triggers	存放用户定义的cobbler 命令
/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/	存放kickstart配置文件

4.5 相关日志文件

web 日志存放点

/var/log/httpd/access_log

/var/log/httpd/error_log

 

/var/log/httpd/ssl_access_log

/var/log/httpd/ssl_error_log

 

Cobbler 日志

/var/log/cobbler/cobbler.log

/var/log/cobbler/install.log

 

通过Cobbler日志可以获取系统的安装状态

4.6 导入系统镜像

4.6.1 上传ISO镜像至服务器

注意下载的ISO文件要核对文件的md5值，确保数据完整性

[root@hxinstall x86_64]# md5sum CentOS-5.8-x86_64-bin-DVD-1of2.iso

8a3bf0030f192022943f83fe6b2cf373 CentOS-5.8-x86_64-bin-DVD-1of2.iso

4.6.2 创建ISO目录 

mkdir -p /var/iso/Linux/Centos/x86_64/

mkdir -p /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/dvd

mkdir -p /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos6.3/dvd  

mkdir -p /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos6.4/dvd

4.6.3 挂载ISO镜像

mount -o loop /var/iso/Linux/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-5.8-x86_64-bin-DVD-1of2.iso   /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/dvd

4.6.4 从DVD中导入OS数据

系统版本命名为centos5.8 架构x86_64，这时间长，耐性等待。可查看ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64/目录文件生成情况。

cobbler import --path=/var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/dvd --name=centos5.8 --arch=x86_64      

task started: 2013-03-12_132624_import

task started (id=Media import, time=Tue Mar 12 13:26:24 2013)

Found a redhat compatible signature: CentOS

adding distros

creating new distro: centos5.8-xen-x86_64

creating new profile: centos5.8-xen-x86_64

creating new distro: centos5.8-x86_64

creating new profile: centos5.8-x86_64

associating repos

traversing distro centos5.8-xen-x86_64

descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml

running: createrepo -c cache -s sha --groupfile /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64/repodata/comps.xml /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

3496/3496 - CentOS/finger-0.17-33.x86_64.rpm                                    pm6_64.rpm

Saving Primary metadata

Saving file lists metadata

Saving other metadata

 

received on stderr: This option is deprecated

 

traversing distro centos5.8-x86_64

descent into /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

processing repo at : /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

need to process repo/comps: /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

looking for /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64/repodata/*comps*.xml

running: createrepo -c cache -s sha --groupfile /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64/repodata/comps.xml /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64

3496/3496 - CentOS/finger-0.17-33.x86_64.rpm                                    pm6_64.rpm

Saving Primary metadata

Saving file lists metadata

Saving other metadata

 

received on stderr: This option is deprecated

 

associating kickstarts

*** TASK COMPLETE ***

4.6.5 列出导入后的配置

cobbler list

 

distros:

   centos5.8-x86_64

   centos5.8-xen-x86_64

   centos6.3-x86_64

   centos6.4-x86_64

 

profiles:

   centos5.8-x86_64

   centos5.8-xen-x86_64

   centos6.3-x86_64

   centos6.4-x86_64

 

systems:

 

repos:

 

images:

 

mgmtclasses:

 

packages:

 

files:

列出详细信息可以使用cobbler report

4.6.6 比对大小，确保数据的完整性

du -sh /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64/  

4.1G    /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos5.8-x86_64/

du -sh /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/dvd/

4.3G    /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos5.8/dvd/

4.6.7 CentOS6.3、6.4导入过程

CentOS6.3

mount -o loop   /var/iso/Linux/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.3-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos6.3/dvd/

 

cobbler import --path=/var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos6.3/dvd/ --name=centos6.3 --arch=x86_64   

 

CentOS6.4

mount -o loop   /var/iso/Linux/Centos/x86_64/CentOS-6.4-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso /var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos6.4/dvd/ 

cobbler import --path=/var/os/Linux/Centos/x86_64/Centos6.4/dvd/ --name=centos6.4 --arch=x86_64    

 

4.7 删除导入的系统

cobbler profile find --distro=centos6.3-x64-x86_64 # 查看配置是否存在

centos6.3-x64-x86_64

cobbler profile remove --name=centos6.3-x64-x86_64 # 删除配置文件

 

cobbler distro remove --name=centos6.3-x64-x86_64 # 删除distro

cobbler profile find --distro=centos6.3-x64-x86_64 # 再查看配置已无

请看《Cobbler部署指南》系列续文

《Cobbler部署指南之配置管理篇[下文]》http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/blog/1281816/1166932

《Cobbler部署指南》系列文档下载：http://down.51cto.com/data/745895

本文出自 “Dreamway的运维点滴” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://dreamway.blog.51cto.com/1281816/1166921