序列
列表、元组、字符串:
都可以通过索引得到每一个元素
默认索引值总是从0 开始
可以通过分片的方法得到一个范围内的元素的集合
有很多共同的操作符
它们统称为:序列
序列的常见的BIF
1. list
list()->空列表
list(iterable) ->迭代得到新的列表
>>>a = list()
>>>a
[]
>>>b = 'How are you'
>>>b = list(b)
>>>b
['H', 'o', 'w', ' ', 'a', 'r', 'e', '', 'y', 'o', 'u']
>>> c= (1,1,2,3,5,8,13,21,34)
>>> c
(1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34)
2. tuple([iterable])
与List类似
3. str(obj)把对象转换为字符串
4. len(sub)返回sub的长度
5. max(...) min(..)最大最小
要注意里面的参数是统一类型
>>> b
['H', 'o', 'w', ' ', 'a', 'r', 'e', ' ', 'y', 'o', 'u']
>>>max(b)
'y'
>>>numbers= [1,5,8,22,45,-2,4,]
>>>max(numbers)
45
>>>min(numbers)
-2
>>>chars='1234567890'
>>>min(chars)
'0'
>>>max(chars)
'9'
>>>tuple1 = (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0)
>>>max(tuple1)
9
6. sum(iterable[,start])
返回序列iterable和可选参数start的总和
>>>tuple1 = (3.1,2.1,1.2)
>>>sum(tuple1)
6.4
>>>sum(tuple1,2.2)
8.6
7.sorted(itereable)
>>> numbers = [2,-3,4,8,-1,0]
>>>sorted(numbers)
[-3, -1, 0, 2,4, 8]
8.reversed(iterable)
>>>reversed(numbers)
<list_reverseiteratorobject at 0x0000000002E2C3C8>返回的是一个迭代器对象,可以间接的转化为一个列表
>>>list(reversed(numbers))
[0, -1, 8, 4,-3, 2]
>>>numbers
[2, -3, 4, 8,-1, 0]
9.enumerate()
>>>enumerate(numbers)
<enumerateobject at 0x0000000002ECDC18>
>>>list(enumerate(numbers))
[(0, 2), (1,-3), (2, 4), (3, 8), (4, -1), (5, 0)]
10.zip()
>>> a =[1,2,3,4,5]
>>> b =[3,5,8,0,1]
>>>zip(a,b)
<zip objectat 0x0000000002ECCF88>
>>>list(zip(a,b))
[(1, 3), (2, 5),(3, 8), (4, 0), (5, 1)]
>>>c=[2,3,4,5,6,9,5,4]
>>>list(zip(a,b))
[(1, 3), (2, 5),(3, 8), (4, 0), (5, 1)]