Java程序设计基础实验二面向对象程序设计

实验二 面向对象程序设计

一、实验目的

1.掌握类来封装对象的属性和功能。

2.掌握对象的组合以及参数传递。

3.掌握类变量与实例变量，以及类方法与实例方法的区别。

4.掌握使用package和import语句。

5.掌握下列知识点：

（1）子类的继承性；

（2）子类对象的创建过程；

（3）成员变量的继承与隐藏；

（4）方法的继承与重写。

6.掌握重写的目的以及怎样使用super关键字。

7.掌握上转型对象的使用。

二、实验内容

1.编写一个Java应用程序，该程序有两个类，即Vehicle（用于刻画机动车）和User主类。

2.编写一个Java应用程序，模拟家庭买一台电视，即家庭将电视作为自己的一个成员，通过调用一个方法将某台电视的引用传递给自己的电视成员。

3.编写程序模拟两个村庄共用同一口井水。

4.要求使用package语句将方程的属性封装在一个有包名的类中。

5.编写程序模拟中国人、美国人是人，北京人是中国人。

6.编写程序按年计算利息的一般方法。

7.编写程序计算各自领取薪水的具体方式。

三、实验步骤与实验结果

1.机动车

源代码：

package chapert1;

public class User {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		Vehicle car1,car2;    
	      car1=new Vehicle();
	      car2=new Vehicle();
	      car1.setPower(128);   
	      car2.setPower(76);
	      System.out.println("car1的功率是："+car1.getPower());
	      System.out.println("car2的功率是："+car2.getPower());
	      car1.speedUp(80);
	      car2.speedUp(80);
	      System.out.println("car1目前的速度："+car1.getSpeed());
	      System.out.println("car2目前的速度："+car2.getSpeed());
	      car1.speedDown(10);
	      car2.speedDown(20);
	      System.out.println("car1目前的速度："+car1.getSpeed());
	      System.out.println("car2目前的速度："+car2.getSpeed());
	}

}

package chapert1;

public class Vehicle {
	double speed;
    int power;
    void speedUp(int s) {      
       speed=speed+s;
    } 
    void speedDown(int d) {   
       speed=speed-d;
    } 
    void setPower(int p) {
       power=p;
    }
    int getPower() {
       return power;
    }
    double getSpeed() {
       return speed;
    }
}

2.家中的电视

源代码：

package chapert2;

public class MainClass {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		TV haierTV = new TV(); 
	       haierTV.setChannel(5);
	       System.out.println("haierTV的频道是"+haierTV.getChannel());
	       Family zhangSanFamily = new Family();
	       zhangSanFamily.buyTV(haierTV);
	       System.out.println("zhangSanFamily开始看电视节目");
	       zhangSanFamily.seeTV();
	       int m=2; 
	       System.out.println("hangSanFamily将电视更换到"+m+"频道");
	       zhangSanFamily.remoteControl(m);
	       System.out.println("haierTV的频道是"+haierTV.getChannel());
	       System.out.println("hangSanFamily再看电视节目");
	       zhangSanFamily.seeTV();
	}

}

package chapert2;

public class Family {
	TV homeTV;
    void buyTV(TV tv) {
       homeTV=tv;
    }
    void remoteControl(int m) {
       homeTV.setChannel(m);  
    }
    void seeTV() {
       homeTV.showProgram();  //homeTV调用showProgram()方法
    }
}

package chapert2;

public class TV {
	int channel;   //电视频道
    void setChannel(int m) {
       if(m>=1){
          channel=m;
       }
    } 
    int getChannel(){
       return channel;
    }
    void showProgram(){
       switch(channel) {
          case 1 : System.out.println("综合频道");
                   break;
          case 2 : System.out.println("经济频道");
                   break;
          case 3 : System.out.println("文艺频道");
                   break;
          case 4 : System.out.println("国际频道");
                   break; 
          case 5 : System.out.println("体育频道");
                   break;
          default : System.out.println("不能收看"+channel+"频道");
       } 
    }
}

3.共饮同井水

源代码：

package chapert3;

public class Land {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		   Village.setWaterAmount(200);
	       int leftWater =Village.waterAmount;
	       System.out.println("水井中有 "+leftWater+" 升水");
	       Village zhaoZhuang,maJiaHeZhi;
	       zhaoZhuang = new Village("赵庄");
	       maJiaHeZhi = new Village("马家河子");
	       zhaoZhuang.setPeopleNumber(80);
	       maJiaHeZhi.setPeopleNumber(120);
	       zhaoZhuang.drinkWater(50);
	       leftWater = maJiaHeZhi.lookWaterAmount();
	       String name=maJiaHeZhi.name;
	       System.out.println(name+"发现水井中有 "+leftWater+" 升水");
	       maJiaHeZhi.drinkWater(100);
	       leftWater = zhaoZhuang.lookWaterAmount();
	       name=zhaoZhuang.name; 
	       System.out.println(name+"发现水井中有 "+leftWater+" 升水");
	       int peopleNumber = zhaoZhuang.getPeopleNumber(); 
	       System.out.println("赵庄的人口:"+peopleNumber);
	       peopleNumber = maJiaHeZhi.getPeopleNumber(); 
	       System.out.println("马家河子的人口:"+peopleNumber);
	}

}

package chapert3;

public class Village {
	static int waterAmount;   //模拟水井的水量
    int peopleNumber;        //村庄的人数
    String name;            //村庄的名字
    Village(String s) {
        name = s;
    }
    static void setWaterAmount(int m) {
       if(m>0)
         waterAmount = m;
    } 
    void drinkWater(int n){
       if( waterAmount-n>=0) {
         waterAmount = waterAmount-n;
         System.out.println(name+"喝了"+n+"升水");
       }
       else
         waterAmount = 0;
    }
    static int lookWaterAmount() {
       return waterAmount;
    }
    void setPeopleNumber(int n) {
       peopleNumber = n;
    } 
    int getPeopleNumber() {
       return peopleNumber;
    } 
}

4.求方程的根

源代码：

package chapert4;

public class SunRise {
	public static void main(String args[]) {
	      SquareEquation equation=new SquareEquation(4,5,1);
	      equation.getRoots();
	      equation.setCoefficient(-3,4,5);
	      equation.getRoots();
	   }
}

package chapert4;

public class SquareEquation {
	double a,b,c;
    double root1,root2;
    boolean boo;
    public SquareEquation(double a,double b,double c) {
       this.a=a;
       this.b=b;
       this.c=c;
       if(a!=0)
          boo=true;
       else
         boo=false;
    }
    public void getRoots() {
       if(boo) {
          System.out.println("是一元2次方程");
          double disk=b*b-4*a*c;
          if(disk>=0) {
             root1=(-b+Math.sqrt(disk))/(2*a);
             root2=(-b-Math.sqrt(disk))/(2*a);
             System.out.printf("方程的根:%f,%f\n",root1,root2);
          } 
          else {
             System.out.printf("方程没有实根\n");
          }
       }
       else {
         System.out.println("不是一元2次方程");
       }
    } 
    public void setCoefficient(double a,double b,double c) {
       this.a=a;
       this.b=b;
       this.c=c;
       if(a!=0)
          boo=true;
       else
          boo=false;
   }    
}

5.中国人、北京人和美国人

源代码：

package chapert1;

public class Example {
	   public static void main(String args[]) {
	      Chinese chinaPeople=new Chinese();
	      American americanPeople=new American();
	      Beijingman beijingPeople=new Beijingman();
	      chinaPeople.speakHello();
	      americanPeople.speakHello();
	      beijingPeople.speakHello();
	      chinaPeople.averageHeight();
	      americanPeople.averageHeight();
	      beijingPeople.averageHeight();
	      chinaPeople.averageWeight();
	      americanPeople.averageWeight();
	      beijingPeople.averageWeight();
	      chinaPeople.chinaGongfu();
	      americanPeople.americanBoxing();
	      beijingPeople.beijingOpera() ;
	      beijingPeople.chinaGongfu();
	   }  
	}

package chapert1;

public class People {
	   protected double weight,height;
	   public void speakHello() {
	      System.out.println("yayayaya");
	   }  
	   public void averageHeight() {
	       height=173;
	       System.out.println("average height:"+height);
	   }
	   public void averageWeight() {
	      weight=70;
	      System.out.println("average weight:"+weight);
	   }
	}

package chapert1;

public class Chinese extends People {
    public void speakHello() {   
       System.out.println("您好");
    }    
    public void averageHeight() { 
       height = 168.78;  
       System.out.println("中国人的平均身高:"+height+" 厘米");   
    }
   public void averageWeight() {
	   weight=65;
	   System.out.println("中国人的平均体重：65公斤");
   }
    public void chinaGongfu() {
       System.out.println("坐如钟,站如松,睡如弓");
    }
}

package chapert1;

public class Beijingman extends Chinese {
	   public void averageHeight() {
		   height=17.25;
		   System.out.println("北京人的平均身高: "+height+"厘米");
	   }
	   public void averageWeight() {
		   weight=70;
		   System.out.println("北京人的平均体重：70公斤");
	   }
	   public void beijingOpera() { 
	       System.out.println("花脸、青衣、花旦和老生");
	   }
	}

package chapert1;

public class American extends People {
	   public void speakHello() {
		   System.out.println("How do you do");
	   }
	   public void averageHeight() {
		   height=176;
		   System.out.println("American's average height:"+height+"cm");
	   }
	     public void averageWeight() { 
	        weight = 75;  
	        System.out.println("American's average weight:"+weight+" kg");   
	     }
	     public void americanBoxing() {
	        System.out.println("直拳、钩拳、组合拳");
	     }
	}

6.银行计算利息

源代码：

package chapert2;

public class SaveMoney {
	   public static void main(String args[]) {
	      int amount=8000;
	      ConstructionBank bank1 = new ConstructionBank();
	      bank1.savedMoney = amount;
	      bank1.year = 8.236;
	      bank1.setInterestRate(0.035);
	      double interest1 = bank1.computerInterest();
	      BankOfDalian bank2 = new BankOfDalian();
	      bank2.savedMoney = amount;
	      bank2.year = 8.236;
	      bank2.setInterestRate(0.035);
	      double interest2=bank2.computerInterest();
	      System.out.printf("两个银行利息相差%f元\n",interest2-interest1);
	   }
	}

package chapert2;

public class ConstructionBank extends Bank {
	   double year;
	   public double computerInterest() {
	      super.year=(int)year;
	      double r = year-(int)year;
	      int day=(int)(r*1000);
	      double yearInterest = super.computerInterest();
	      double dayInterest = day*0.0001*savedMoney;
	      interest= yearInterest+dayInterest;
	      System.out.printf("%d元存在建设银行%d年零%d天的利息:%f元\n",
	                         savedMoney,super.year,day,interest);
	      return interest;
	   }
	}

package chapert2;

public class BankOfDalian extends Bank {
	   double year;
	   public double computerInterest() {
	      super.year=(int)year;
	      double r = year-(int)year;
	      int day=(int)(r*1000);
	      double yearInterest = super.computerInterest();
	      double dayInterest = day*0.00012*savedMoney;
	      interest= yearInterest+dayInterest;
	      System.out.printf("%d元存在大连银行%d年零%d天的利息:%f元\n",savedMoney,super.year,day,interest);
	      return interest;
	   }
	}

package chapert2;

public class Bank {
	   int savedMoney;
	   int year;
	   double interest;
	   double interestRate = 0.29;
	   public double computerInterest() {
	      interest=year*interestRate*savedMoney;
	      return interest;
	   }
	   public void setInterestRate(double rate) {
	      interestRate = rate;
	   }
	}

7.公司支出的总薪水

源代码：

package chapert3;

import java.util.Iterator;

abstract class Employee {
	   public abstract double earnings();
	}
	class YearWorker extends Employee {
		public double earnings() {
			return 12000;
		}
	}
	class MonthWorker extends Employee {
		public double earnings() {
			return 12*2300;
		}
	}
	class WeekWorker extends Employee {
	   public double earnings(){
		   return 52*780;
	}
	}
	class Company {
	   Employee[] employee;
	   double salaries=0;
	   Company(Employee[] employee) {
	      this.employee=employee;
	   }
	   public double salariesPay() {
	       salaries=0;
	       for (int i=0;i<employee.length;i++) {
			salaries=salaries+employee[i].earnings();
		}
	       return salaries;
	   }    
	}
	public class CompanySalary {
	   public static void main(String args[]) {
	      Employee [] employee=new Employee[29]; //公司有29名雇员
	      for(int i=0;i<employee.length;i++) {   //雇员简单地分成三类
	          if(i%3==0)
	              employee[i]=new WeekWorker();
	          else if(i%3==1)
	              employee[i]=new MonthWorker();
	          else if(i%3==2)
	             employee[i]=new YearWorker();
	      } 
	      Company company=new Company(employee);
	      System.out.println("公司薪水总额:"+company.salariesPay()+"元");
	   }
	}

四、实验总结

通过本次实验掌握了数据类型的转换，多种流程处理的方法。巩固了子类的继承性、成员变量的继承与隐藏、方法的继承与重写，掌握了重写的目的以及怎样使用super关键字。