python基础学习

1.class 类

每次建类的时候都有类的属性。

class Calculator:
  name='Good calculator'
  price=8

 代码如下，

class Calculator:
  name='Good calculator'
  price=8
  def add(self,x,y):
    print(self.name)
    result=x+y
    print(result)
  def minus(self,x,y):
    result=x-y
    print(result)
  def times(self,x,y):
    print(x*y)
  def divide(self,x,y):
    print(x/y)

运行结果

========================= RESTART: D:\Python exercise\test905.py ========================
>>> calcul.price
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#5>", line 1, in <module>
    calcul.price
NameError: name 'calcul' is not defined
>>> calcul=Calculator()
>>> calcul.name
'Good calculator'
>>> calcul.price
8
>>> calcul.add(10,11)
Good calculator
21

19.类 init 功能(千万注意init前后是两个下划线__)

代码如下，

class Calculator:
  name='Good calculator'
  price=18
  def __init__(self,name,price,hight,width,weight):
    self.name=name
    self.price=price
    self.h=hight
    self.wi=width
    self.we=weight
  def add(self,x,y):
    print(self.name)
    result=x+y
    print(result)
  def minus(self,x,y):
    result=x-y
    print(result)
  def times(self,x,y):
    print(x*y)
  def divide(self,x,y):
    print(x/y)

运行结果

========================= RESTART: D:\Python exercise\test905.py ========================
>>> c=Calculator('Good calculator',12,30,25,19)
>>> c.name
'Good calculator'
>>> c.price
12
>>> 

固有属性删掉

class Calculator:
  def __init__(self,name,price,hight,width,weight):
    self.name=name
    self.price=price
    self.h=hight
    self.wi=width
    self.we=weight
  def add(self,x,y):
    print(self.name)
    result=x+y
    print(result)
  def minus(self,x,y):
    result=x-y
    print(result)
  def times(self,x,y):
    print(x*y)
  def divide(self,x,y):
    print(x/y)

运行结果

========================= RESTART: D:\Python exercise\test905.py ========================
>>>  c=Calculator('Bad calculator',12,30,25,19)
 
SyntaxError: unexpected indent
>>> c=Calculator('Good calculator',12,30,25,19)
>>> c.name
'Good calculator'
>>> c=Calculator('Bad calculator',12,30,25,19)
>>> c.name
'Bad calculator'
>>> c.add(8,20)
Bad calculator
28
>>> c.h
30

 在init里面加属性

class Calculator:
  def __init__(self,name,price,hight=10,width=11,weight=12):

运行结果

========================= RESTART: D:\Python exercise\test905.py ========================
>>> c=Calculator('Good calculator',19)
>>> c.price
19
>>> c.we
12
>>> c.wi
11