OpenCV人脸识别应用

1. 描述

• 用到了opencv-python和opencv-contrib-python两个库
• 最终能实现人脸对应ID的识别功能
• 如果无法使用请更换opencv-contrib-python的版本，尤其是face中的封装函数。

2. 代码

• 以后有时间会对代码进行详细标注。

2.1. 数据采集与训练

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

import cv2
import os
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
 
cam = cv2.VideoCapture(1)
cam.set(3, 640)     # set video width
cam.set(4, 480)     # set video height
 
face_detector = cv2.CascadeClassifier(
    r'./haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml')
 
# For each person, enter one numeric face id
face_id = input('\n 输入enter user id end press <return> ==>  ')
 
print("\n [INFO] Initializing face capture. Look the camera and wait ...")
# Initialize individual sampling face count
count = 0
 
while True:
    ret, img = cam.read()
    # img = cv2.flip(img, -1) # Flip vertically
    gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
    faces = face_detector.detectMultiScale(gray, 1.3, 5)
 
    for (x, y, w, h) in faces:
        cv2.rectangle(img, (x, y), (x+w, y+h), (255, 0, 0), 2)
        count += 1
 
        # Save the captured image into the datasets folder
        cv2.imwrite(r"./dataset/User."
                    + str(face_id) + '.' + str(count) + ".jpg", gray[y:y+h, x:x+w])

        cv2.imshow('image', img)
 
    k = cv2.waitKey(100) & 0xff     # Press 'ESC' for exiting video
    if k == 27:
        break
    elif count >= 250:      # Take 30 face sample and stop video
        break

cam.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

# Path for face image database
path = r'./dataset'
 
recognizer = cv2.face.LBPHFaceRecognizer_create()
detector = cv2.CascadeClassifier("haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml")


# function to get the images and label data
def getImagesAndLabels(path):
    imagePaths = [os.path.join(path, f) for f in os.listdir(path)]
    faceSamples=[]
    ids = []
    for imagePath in imagePaths:
        PIL_img = Image.open(imagePath).convert('L') # convert it to grayscale
        img_numpy = np.array(PIL_img, 'uint8')
        id = int(os.path.split(imagePath)[-1].split(".")[1])
        faces = detector.detectMultiScale(img_numpy)
        for (x, y, w, h) in faces:
            faceSamples.append(img_numpy[y:y+h, x:x+w])
            ids.append(id)
    return faceSamples, ids
 
print ("\n [INFO] Training faces. It will take a few seconds. Wait ...")
faces, ids = getImagesAndLabels(path)
recognizer.train(faces, np.array(ids))
 
# Save the model into trainer/trainer.yml
recognizer.write(r'./trainer.yml')
# recognizer.save() worked on Mac, but not on Pi
 
# Print the number of faces trained and end program
print("\n [INFO] {0} faces trained. Exiting Program".format(len(np.unique(ids))))

2.2. 识别

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8
import cv2
from cv2 import face_LBPHFaceRecognizer
import numpy as np
import os 
 
recognizer = face_LBPHFaceRecognizer.create()
recognizer.read(r'./trainer.yml')   # path of face model
cascadePath = r"./haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml"  # path of face classifier
faceCascade = cv2.CascadeClassifier(cascadePath)
 
font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
 
# init id counter
id = 1
 
# names related to ids: example ==> Marcelo: id=1,  etc
names = ['null', 'Micheal'] 
 
# Initialize and start realtime video capture
cam = cv2.VideoCapture(0)
cam.set(3, 640)     # set video width
cam.set(4, 480)     # set video height
 
# Define min window size to be recognized as a face
minW = 0.1*cam.get(3)
minH = 0.1*cam.get(4)
 
while True:
    ret, img = cam.read()
    # img = cv2.flip(img, -1) # Flip vertically
    gray = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)

    # set parameters of classifier
    faces = faceCascade.detectMultiScale(
        gray,
        scaleFactor=1.2,
        minNeighbors=5,
        minSize=(int(minW), int(minH)),
       )

    for(x, y, w, h) in faces:
        cv2.rectangle(img, (x, y), (x+w, y+h), (0, 255, 0), 2)
        id, confidence = recognizer.predict(gray[y:y+h, x:x+w])
 
        # Check if confidence is less them 100 ==> "0" is perfect match 
        if confidence < 100:
            id = names[id]
            confidence = "  {0}%".format(round(100 - confidence))
        else:
            id = "unknown"
            confidence = "  {0}%".format(round(100 - confidence))

        cv2.putText(img, str(id), (x+5,y-5), font, 1, (255,255,255), 2)
        cv2.putText(img, str(confidence), (x+5,y+h-5), font, 1, (255,255,0), 1)  
     
    cv2.imshow('camera', img)

    # Press 'ESC' for exiting video
    k = cv2.waitKey(10) & 0xff
    if k == 27:
        break

cam.release()
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

3. 测试结果

• 准确率大于 50%
• arm与x86都可使用