跟着狂神学Spring之DI注入，Set注入

Spring官方文档：https://docs.spring.io/spring-framework/docs/current/reference/html/core.html#spring-core

Spring中文文档:https://www.docs4dev.com/docs/zh/spring-framework/5.1.3.RELEASE/reference/

Spring依赖注入主要分为三种

1.构造器注入

2.set注入（敲重点）：

依赖主要是指bean对象的创建要依赖容器，注入是指bean对象的属性由容器来注入

3.其他注入：p和c的命名空间注入

搭建依赖环境

创建Maven项目

1.先写pom.xml配置文件，代码如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.kuang</groupId>
    <artifactId>Spring-study</artifactId>
    <packaging>pom</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <modules>
        <module>spring-01-ioc1</module>
        <module>spring-02-hellospring</module>
        <module>spring-03-ioc2</module>
        <module>spring-04-di</module>
    </modules>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.0.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>




</project>

2.创建两个复杂类型

Student类（其中包括了一些集合，注意集合依赖注入的方式）

package com.kuang.pojo;

import java.awt.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.List;

public class Student {
    private String name;
    private Address address;
    private String[] books;
    private List<String> hobbys;
    private Map<String,String> card;
    private Set<String> games;
    private  String wife;
    private Properties info;

    public String getName(){
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name){
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Address getAddress(){
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(Address address){
        this.address = address;
    }
    public String[] getBooks(){
        return books;
    }
    public void setBooks(String[] books){
        this.books = books;
    }
    public List<String> getHobbys(){
        return hobbys;
    }
    public void setHobbys(List<String> hobbys){
        this.hobbys = hobbys;
    }
    public Map<String,String> getCard(){
        return card;
    }
    public void setCard(Map<String,String> card){
        this.card = card;
    }
    public Set<String> getGames(){
        return games;
    }
    public void setGames(Set<String> games){
        this.games = games;
    }
    public String getWife(){
        return wife;
    }
    public void setWife(String  wife){
        this.wife = wife;
    }
    public  Properties getInfo(){
        return info;
    }
    public void setInfo(Properties info){
        this.info = info;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "Student{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", adress=" + address.toString() +
                ",books=" + Arrays.toString(books) +
                ",hobby=" + hobbys +
                ",card=" + card +
                ",games= " + games +
                ",wife= " + wife + '\'' +
                ",Info=" + info +
                '}';

    }
}

Address类

package com.kuang.pojo;

public class Address {
    private String address;
    public  String getAddress(){
        return address;
    }
    public void setAddress(String address){
        this.address = address;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString(){
        return "Address{"+
                "address='" + address + '\''+
                '}';
    }
}

3.在resource目录下创建beans.xml配置文件，在该文件下实现依赖注入
 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
    <bean id="address" class="com.kuang.pojo.Address"/>

    <bean id="student" class="com.kuang.pojo.Student">
        <!--第一种普通值注入 value-->
        <property name="name" value="秦疆"/>
        <!--第二种 bean注入 ref-->
        <property name="address" ref="address"/>
        <!--数组注入-->
        <property name="books">
            <array>
                <value>三国演义</value>
                <value>西游记</value>
                <value>红楼梦</value>
                <value>水浒传</value>
            </array>
        </property>
        <!--List注入-->
        <property name="hobbys">
            <list>
                <value>打篮球</value>
                <value>游泳</value>
                <value>听歌</value>
            </list>
        </property>
        <!--Map注入-->
        <property name="card">
            <map>
                <entry key="身份证" value="12371823718738"></entry>
                <entry key="银行卡" value="123456789"></entry>
            </map>
        </property>
        <!--Set-->
        <property name="games">
            <set>
                <value>LOL</value>
                <value>BOB</value>
                <value>COC</value>
            </set>
        </property>
        <!--Null-->
        <property name="wife">
            <null/>
        </property>
        <!--Properties-->
        <property name="info">
            <props>
                <prop key="学号">127812</prop>
                <prop key="性别">男</prop>
                <prop key="password">123456</prop>
            </props>
        </property>

    </bean>
</beans>

4.写测试类：

import com.kuang.pojo.Student;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class MyTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans.xml");
       Student student = (Student) context.getBean("student");
        System.out.println(student.toString());
    }
}

p命名空间注入 ，可以直接注入属性的值

先去官网导入p命名空间，代码如下

xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

 导入包后，可以看到p的相关内容 如图3-1

图3-1

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
        https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!--p就相当于property属性，-->
    <bean id="user" class="com.kuang.pojo.User" p:name="狗蛋" p:age="99"/>



</beans>

 导入c命名空间

xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"

 注意这里导入了c命名空间。但是“c：”报错是因为User类种没有有参构造器 

添加有参构造器和无参构造器

有参，无参构造器：参考以下文档

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47163086/article/details/120632222

package com.kuang.pojo;

public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public User(){

    }//无参构造器
    public  User(String name,int age){
        this.name=name;
        this.age=age;
    }//有参构造器

c命名空间构造器，通过构造器注入construct-args

<bean id="user2" class="com.kuang.pojo.User" c:name="二狗子" c:age="1"/>