HttpClient4.3.1简单入门实例

一、

1、先看一下示例代码

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1. public class HttpClientTest {  
2.     public static void main(String args[]) {  
3.         //创建HttpClientBuilder  
4.         HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();  
5.         //HttpClient  
6.         CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();  
7.   
8.         HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("http://www.gxnu.edu.cn/default.html");  
9.         System.out.println(httpGet.getRequestLine());  
10.         try {  
11.             //执行get请求  
12.             HttpResponse httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpGet);  
13.             //获取响应消息实体  
14.             HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
15.             //响应状态  
16.             System.out.println("status:" + httpResponse.getStatusLine());  
17.             //判断响应实体是否为空  
18.             if (entity != null) {  
19.                 System.out.println("contentEncoding:" + entity.getContentEncoding());  
20.                 System.out.println("response content:" + EntityUtils.toString(entity));  
21.             }  
22.         } catch (IOException e) {  
23.             e.printStackTrace();  
24.         } finally {  
25.             try {  

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1.             //关闭流并释放资源  
2.             closeableHttpClient.close();  
3.         } catch (IOException e) {  
4.             e.printStackTrace();  
5.         }  
6.     }  
7. }  

以下内容来自 HttpClient4.3.1 API文档： http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-ga/httpclient/apidocs/overview-summary.html

2、HttpClientBuilder

HttpClientBuilder用于创建CloseableHttpClient实例。看了一下API文档，AbstractHttpClient、 AutoRetryHttpClient、 DefaultHttpClient等都被弃用了，使用HttpClientBuilder代替。

3、CloseableHttpClient

实现接口：Closeable, AutoCloseable, HttpClient；子类：AbstractHttpClient

4、HttpGet

非线程安全；HttpGet有三个构造方法：HttpGet()、HttpGet(String uri)、HttpGet(URI uri)

5、HttpResponse

服务器在接收和解释请求之后返回一个HTTP响应信息

     Response      = Status-Line
                     *(( general-header
                      | response-header
                      | entity-header ) CRLF)
                     CRLF
                     [ message-body ]
 

二、使用HttpClient Post提交数据，详细代码注释

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1. public static void main(String args[]) {  
2.        //创建HttpClientBuilder  
3.        HttpClientBuilder httpClientBuilder = HttpClientBuilder.create();  
4.        //HttpClient  
5.        CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = httpClientBuilder.build();  
6.   
7.        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("http://tutor.sturgeon.mopaas.com/tutor/search");  
8.        httpPost.setConfig(DEFAULT);  
9.        // 创建参数队列  
10.        List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();  
11.        formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("searchText", "英语"));  
12.   
13.        UrlEncodedFormEntity entity;  
14.        try {  
15.            entity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");  
16.            httpPost.setEntity(entity);  
17.   
18.            HttpResponse httpResponse;  
19.            //post请求  
20.            httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);  
21.   
22.            //getEntity()  
23.            HttpEntity httpEntity = httpResponse.getEntity();  
24.            if (httpEntity != null) {  
25.                //打印响应内容  
26.                System.out.println("response:" + EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity, "UTF-8"));  
27.            }  
28.            //释放资源  
29.            closeableHttpClient.close();  
30.        } catch (Exception e) {  
31.            e.printStackTrace();  
32.        }  
33.   
34.    }