设计模式---责任链模式

定义

责任链模式：使多个对象都有机会处理请求，从而避免了请求的发送者和接受者之间的耦合关系。将这些对象连成一条链，并沿着这条链传递该请求，直到有对象处理它为止。

 

在这种模式中，通常每个接收者都包含对另一个接收者的引用。如果一个对象不能处理该请求，那么它会把相同的请求传给下一个接收者，依此类推。

 

案例

/**
 * 抽象日志记录器
 */
public abstract class AbstractLogger {

    //定义日志级别
    public static int DEBUG = 1;
    public static int INFO = 2;
    public static int ERROR = 3;

    //当前日志级别
    protected int level;
    //下一个日志记录器
    protected AbstractLogger nextLogger;

    public void setNextLogger(AbstractLogger nextLogger) {
        this.nextLogger = nextLogger;
    }

    //链式打印日志核心方法
    public void logMessage(int level, String message) {
        if (this.level <= level) {
            write(message);
        }
        if (nextLogger != null) {
            nextLogger.logMessage(level, message);
        }
    }

    //输出日志信息
    protected abstract void write(String message);

}

 

/**
 * 控制日志类
 */
public class ConsoleLogger extends AbstractLogger {

    public ConsoleLogger(int level) {
        this.level = level;
    }

    @Override
    protected void write(String message) {
        System.out.println("ConsoleLogger: " + message);
    }
}

 

/**
 * 文件日志类
 */
public class FileLogger extends AbstractLogger {

    public FileLogger(int level) {
        this.level = level;
    }

    @Override
    protected void write(String message) {
        System.out.println("FileLogger: " + message);
    }
}

 

/**
 * 错误日志类
 */
public class ErrorLogger extends AbstractLogger {

    public ErrorLogger(int level) {
        this.level = level;
    }

    @Override
    protected void write(String message) {
        System.out.println("ErrorLogger: " + message);
    }
}

 

public class ChainPatternDemo {

    private static AbstractLogger getChainOfLoggers() {
        AbstractLogger consoleLogger = new ConsoleLogger(AbstractLogger.DEBUG);
        AbstractLogger fileLogger = new FileLogger(AbstractLogger.INFO);
        AbstractLogger errorLogger = new ErrorLogger(AbstractLogger.ERROR);

        consoleLogger.setNextLogger(fileLogger);
        fileLogger.setNextLogger(errorLogger);

        return consoleLogger;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        AbstractLogger loggerChain = getChainOfLoggers();

        loggerChain.logMessage(AbstractLogger.DEBUG, "Hello, this is debug message!");
        System.out.println();
        loggerChain.logMessage(AbstractLogger.INFO, "Hello, this is info message!");
        System.out.println();
        loggerChain.logMessage(AbstractLogger.ERROR, "Hello, this is error message!");
        System.out.println();
    }

}