Windows Program-子控件

第9章子窗口控件

1.静态类(static)，静态子窗口控件，它不接收鼠标或键盘输入，也不会向其父窗口发送WM_COMMAND消息

下面6个静态窗口样式：

“RECT”静态样式	“FRAME”静态样式
SS_BLACKRECT	SS_BLACKFRAME
SS_GRAYRECT	SS_GRAYFRAME
SS_WHITERECT	SS_WHITEFRAME

样式中的“BLACK”,“GRAY”,“WHITE”基于系统颜色

静态控件	系统颜色
BLACK	COLOR_3DDKSHADOW
GRAY	COLOR_BTNSHADOW
WHITE	COLOR_BTNHIGHLIGHT

上面6个静态窗口样式，只是简单地在子窗口的客户区画一个矩形或框架，会忽略CreateWindow的窗口文本字段。
还有两个样式为：SS_ICON和SS_USERITEM。

2.滚动条类(scrollbar)

滚动条子控件不发送WM_COMMAND消息到父窗口，它们就像窗口滚动条一样发送WM_VSCROLL和WM_HSCROLL消息。如何lParam为0，则它是窗口滚动条；如果等于滚动条窗口句柄，就说明它是滚动条控件。wParam参数对于窗口滚动条和滚动条控件是一样的。
设置滚动条控件的范围和位置：
SetScrollRange(hwndScroll,SB_CTL,iMin,iMax,bRedraw);
SetScrollPos(hwndScroll,SB_CTL,iPos,bRedraw);
SetScrollInfo(hwndScroll,SB_CTL,&si,bRedraw);
重定位子控件的过程处理函数：

OldScroll = (WNDPROC)SetWindowLong(hwndScroll, GWL_WNDPROC, (LONG)ScrollProc);
LRESULT CALLBACK ScrollProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	int id = GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_ID);
	switch (message)
	{
	case WM_SETFOCUS:
		break;
	}
	return CallWindowProc(OldScroll, hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}

创建新画刷，把句柄存入到窗口类结构中，然后删除旧的画刷：

DeleteObject((HBRUSH)SetClassLong(hwnd, GCL_HBRBACKGROUND, (LONG)CreateSolidBrush(RGB(color[0], color[1], color[2]))));
DeleteObject((HBRUSH)SetClassLong(hwnd, GCL_HBRBACKGROUND, (LONG)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH)));

3.编辑类(edit)

样式	说明
ES_LEFT	文本左对齐
ES_RIGHT	文本右对齐
ES_CENTER	文本居中对齐
ES_MULTILINE	支持多行
ES_AUTOHSCROLL	自动水平滚动
ES_AUTOVSCROLL	自动垂直滚动
WS_BORDER	添加边框
WS_HSCROLL	添加水平滚动条
WS_VSCROLL	添加垂直滚动条
ES_NOHIDESEL	失去焦点后选择部分保持高亮

4.编辑控件的通知消息

编辑控件能向父窗口发WM_COMMAND消息

通知码	说明
EN_SETFOCUS	得到输入焦点
EN_KILLFOCUS	失去输入焦点
EN_CHANGE	内容将变化
EN_UPDATE	内容已变化
EN_ERRSPACE	没有空间了
EN_MAXTEXT	没有空间完成插入了
EN_HSCROLL	水平滚动条被单击了
EN_VSCROLL	垂直滚动条被单击了

5.传递给编辑控件的消息

消息	说明
SendMessage(hwndEdit,WM_CUT,0,0)	剪切当前选择的内容
SendMessage(hwndEdit,WM_COPY,0,0)	复制当前选择的内容
SendMessage(hwndEdit,WM_CLEAR,0,0)	删除当前选择的内容
SendMessage(hwndEdit,WN_PASTE,0,0)	黏贴内容到当前位置
SendMessage(hwndEdit,EM_GETSEL,(WPARAM)&iStart,(LPARAM)&iEnd)	获得选择文本的初始位置和终止位置
SendMessage(hwndEdit,EM_SETSEL,iStart,iEnd)	选择iStart到iEnd的文本
SendMessage(hwndEdit,EM_REPLACESEL,0,(LPARAM)szString)	取代当前选择的内容
iCount=SendMessage(hwndEdit,EM_GETLINECOUNT,0,0)	得到编辑器的行数
iOffset=SendMessage(hwndEdit,EN_LINEINDEX,iLine,0)	获得从编辑缓冲区的起点到这行的位移量,行从0开始计数，如果iLine为-1，则返回插入符号所在行的位移量
iLength=SendMessage(hwndEdit,EM_LINELENGTH,iLine,0)	得到某个行的长度
iLength=SendMessage(hwndEdit,EM_GETLINE,iLine,(LPARAM)szBuffer)	得到行的内容

6.获取系统环境变量

#include <windows.h>
#define ID_LIST 1
#define ID_TEXT 2

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
	PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
	static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Environ");
	HWND         hwnd;
	MSG          msg;
	WNDCLASS     wndclass;

	wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
	wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
	wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
	wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
	wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
	wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
	wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
	wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
	wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
	wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;

	if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
	{
		MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("Program requires Windows NT!"),
			szAppName, MB_ICONERROR);
		return 0;
	}

	hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, TEXT("Environment List Box"),
		WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
		CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
		CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
		NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

	ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow);
	UpdateWindow(hwnd);

	while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
	{
		TranslateMessage(&msg);
		DispatchMessage(&msg);
	}
	return msg.wParam;
}

void FillListBox(HWND hwndList)
{
	int iLength;
	TCHAR *pVarBlock=nullptr, *pVarBeg= nullptr, *pVarEnd= nullptr, *pVarName= nullptr;
	TCHAR *pVarOrigin;
	pVarBlock = GetEnvironmentStrings();
	pVarOrigin = pVarBlock;
	while (*pVarBlock)
	{
		if (*pVarBlock != '=')
		{
			pVarBeg = pVarBlock;
			while (*pVarBlock++ != '=');
			pVarEnd = pVarBlock - 1;
			iLength = pVarEnd - pVarBeg;
			pVarName = (TCHAR *)calloc(iLength + 1, sizeof(TCHAR));
			CopyMemory(pVarName, pVarBeg, iLength*sizeof(TCHAR));
			pVarName[iLength] = '\0';
			SendMessage(hwndList, LB_ADDSTRING, 0, (LPARAM)pVarName);
			free(pVarName);
		}
		while (*pVarBlock++ != '\0');
	}
	FreeEnvironmentStrings(pVarOrigin);
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
	static HWND hwndList, hwndText;
	int iIndex, iLength, cxChar, cyChar;
	TCHAR *pVarName = nullptr, *pVarValue = nullptr;

	switch (message)
	{
	case WM_CREATE:
		cxChar = LOWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());
		cyChar = HIWORD(GetDialogBaseUnits());

		hwndList = CreateWindow(TEXT("listbox"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | LBS_STANDARD, cxChar, cyChar * 3,
			cxChar * 16 + GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXVSCROLL), cyChar * 5, hwnd, (HMENU)ID_LIST, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE), NULL);
		hwndText = CreateWindow(TEXT("static"), NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | SS_LEFT, cxChar, cyChar, GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXSCREEN), cyChar,
			hwnd, (HMENU)ID_TEXT, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLong(hwnd, GWL_HINSTANCE), NULL);
		FillListBox(hwndList);
		return 0;
	case WM_SETFOCUS:
		SetFocus(hwndList);
		return 0;
	case WM_COMMAND:
		if (LOWORD(wParam) == ID_LIST&&HIWORD(wParam) == LBN_SELCHANGE)
		{
			iIndex = SendMessage(hwndList, LB_GETCURSEL, 0, 0);
			iLength = SendMessage(hwndList, LB_GETTEXTLEN, iIndex, 0) + 1;
			pVarName = (TCHAR*)calloc(iLength, sizeof(TCHAR));
			SendMessage(hwndList, LB_GETTEXT, iIndex, (LPARAM)pVarName);
			iLength = GetEnvironmentVariable(pVarName, NULL, 0);
			pVarValue = (TCHAR*)calloc(iLength, sizeof(TCHAR));
			GetEnvironmentVariable(pVarName, pVarValue, iLength);
			SetWindowText(hwndText, pVarValue);
			free(pVarName);
			free(pVarValue);
		}
		return 0;
	case WM_DESTROY:
		PostQuitMessage(0);
		return 0;
	}
	return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}