uboot命令

以下uboot命令是u-boot-2010.12版本

• 查看命令的使用方式：help 或者 ?
  格式：
  help <想要查看的命令>
? <想要查看的命令>
  注： 有些命令甚至不可以不用写全，用命令的缩写也可以

不带参数显示所有命令：

# help
? - alias for ‘help’
base - print or set address offset
bdinfo - print Board Info structure
boot - boot default, i.e., run ‘bootcmd’
bootd - boot default, i.e., run ‘bootcmd’
bootelf - Boot from an ELF image in memory
bootm - boot application image from memory
bootp - boot image via network using BOOTP/TFTP protocol
bootvx - Boot vxWorks from an ELF image
chpart - change active partition
cmp - memory compare
coninfo - print console devices and information
cp - memory copy
crc32 - checksum calculation
dcache - enable or disable data cache
dnw - dnw - initialize USB device and ready to receive for Windows server (specific)
echo - echo args to console
editenv - edit environment variable
emmc - Open/Close eMMC boot Partition
env - environment handling commands
exit - exit script
ext2format- ext2format - disk format by ext2
ext2load- load binary file from a Ext2 filesystem
ext2ls - list files in a directory (default /)
ext3format- ext3format - disk format by ext3
false - do nothing, unsuccessfully
fastboot- fastboot- use USB Fastboot protocol
fatformat- fatformat - disk format by FAT32
fatinfo - fatinfo - print information about filesystem
fatload - fatload - load binary file from a dos filesystem
fatls - list files in a directory (default /)
fdisk - fdisk for sd/mmc.
go - start application at address ‘addr’
help - print command description/usage
icache - enable or disable instruction cache
iminfo - print header information for application image
imxtract- extract a part of a multi-image
itest - return true/false on integer compare
loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
loads - load S-Record file over serial line
loady - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)
loop - infinite loop on address range
md - memory display
mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing address)
mmc - MMC sub system
mmcinfo - mmcinfo – display MMC info
movi - movi - sd/mmc r/w sub system for SMDK board
mtdparts- define flash/nand partitions
mtest - simple RAM read/write test
mw - memory write (fill)
nfs - boot image via network using NFS protocol
nm - memory modify (constant address)
ping - send ICMP ECHO_REQUEST to network host
printenv- print environment variables
reginfo - print register information
reset - Perform RESET of the CPU
run - run commands in an environment variable
saveenv - save environment variables to persistent storage
setenv - set environment variables
showvar - print local hushshell variables
sleep - delay execution for some time
source - run script from memory
test - minimal test like /bin/sh
tftpboot- boot image via network using TFTP protocol
true - do nothing, successfully
usb - USB sub-system
version - print monitor version

• 打印环境变量 printenv
  格式：printenv <要打印的环境变量>
  注：不带参数打印所有环境变量

# printenv
baudrate=115200
bootargs=root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.10.8:/tiny4412/rootfs ip=192.168.10.18:192.168.10.8:192.168.10.50:255.255.255.0::eth0:off init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200 lcd=s70 coherent_pool=2M
bootcmd=movi read kernel 0 40008000;movi read rootfs 0 41000000 100000;bootm 40008000 41000000
bootdelay=3
ethaddr=00:40:5c:26:0a:5b
netmask=255.255.255.0

# printenv bootargs
bootargs=root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.10.8:/tiny4412/rootfs ip=192.168.10.18:192.168.10.8:192.168.10.50:255.255.255.0::eth0:off init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200 lcd=s70 coherent_pool=2M

• 设置环境变量

# ? setenv
    setenv - set environment variables

Usage:
setenv name value …
    - set environment variable ‘name’ to ‘value …’
setenv name
    - delete environment variable ‘name’

# setenv testsetenv root=/dev/nfs home=/home/youhome
# printenv testsetenv
  testsetenv=root=/dev/nfs home=/home/youhome

• 保存环境变量命令 saveenv

  （设置环境变量后要保存，不然下次开机就没了）

• 设置bootargs参数

  root参数：指定根文件系统的位置. 有多种情况
  root=/dev/ram rw
  root=/dev/ram0 rw
  root=/dev/mtdX rw
  root=/dev/mtdblockX rw
  root=主设备号:次设备号
  root=/dev/nfs（网络文件系统）

  rootfstype参数：指定根文件系统类型(ext2、ext3、jffs2、squanshfs等)

  nfsroot参数：指定网络文件系统所在的主机和目录
  nfsroot=主机IP:目录

  console参数：使用的终端，波特率等
  console=tty
  console=ttyS
  console=ttySAC0（设置终端为串口0）

  init参数：指定内核起来后，系统运行的第一个脚本，通常是
  init=/linuxrc

  ip参数：指定系统起来后网卡的IP地址，如果是网络文件系统（nfs）则一定要有这个参数，通常有两种形式
  ip=本地ip
  ip=本地ip:nfs-ip:网关ip:netmask::哪张本地网卡:off

  coherent_pool参数：设置DMA的大小
  coherent_pool=4M

  例本地挂载：set bootargs root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext3 init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200

  nfs网络挂载：set bootargs root=/dev/nfs nfsroot=192.168.10.8:/tiny4412/rootfs ip=192.168.10.18:192.168.10.8:192.168.10.50:255.255.255.0::eth0:off init=/linuxrc console=ttySAC0,115200 lcd=s70 coherent_pool=2M

• 复位命令 reset（重启）

• 打印板子信息 bdinfo

• 内存显示 md

  # help md
      md - memory display
    Usage:
      md [.b, .w, .l] address [# of objects]（b字节，w字，d双字）
  格式：md.b <要显示的地址> [显示的个数]

• 内存复制 cp

  # help cp
    cp - memory copy
  Usage:
      cp [.b, .w, .l] source target count
  格式：cp <原地址> <目的地址> <拷贝个数>

• 显示mmc信息 mmcinfo
mmcinfo <dev num>   – display MMC info

# mmcinfo 0
Device: S3C_HSMMC2
Manufacturer ID: 2
OEM: 544d
Name: SA08G
Tran Speed: 0
Rd Block Len: 512
SD version 2.0
High Capacity: Yes
Size: 7420MB (block: 15196160)
Bus Width: 4-bit
Boot Partition Size: 0 KB

• mmc子系统

  # help mmc
  mmc - MMC sub system
  Usage:
  mmc read <device num> addr blk# cnt （从mmc指定扇区读取数据到ddr中addr开始的地址中）

  mmc write <device num> addr blk# cnt（把ddr中addr开始的地址写到mmc指定的扇区中）

  mc rescan <device num>

  mmc erase <boot | user> <device num> <start block> <block count>
mmc list - lists available devices

  参数说明：
  boot：启动分区，一般操作 bl1，bl2，uboot的mmc扇区范围。
  user：用户分区，一般操作内核，文件系统的mmc扇区范围。
  注：命令中的参数都是16进制的

• 查看mmc分区信息 fatinfo

  # ? fatinfo
  fatinfo - fatinfo - print information about filesystem
  Usage:
  fatinfo <interface> <dev[:part]>
    - print information about filesystem from ‘dev’ on ‘interface’

  参数说明：
  interface：mmc 或 sub
  dev：设备编号
  part：分区号

• 列出指定目录下的文件 fatls

  # help fatls
  fatls - list files in a directory (default /)
  Usage:
  fatls <interface> <dev[:part]> [directory]
    - list files from ‘dev’ on ‘interface’ in a ‘directory’

• 从文件系统加载文件到DDR

  # help fatload
  fatload - fatload - load binary file from a dos filesystem
  Usage:
  fatload <interface> <dev[:part]> <addr> <filename>[bytes]
    - load binary file ‘filename’ from ‘dev’ on ‘interface’ to address ‘addr’ from dos filesystem

  参数说明：
  interface：mmc 或 usb
  dev：设备编号
  part：分区编号
  addr：DDR内存地址
  filename：文件路径
  bytes：要加载的数据大小

• 内存比较 cmp

  # ? cmp
  cmp - memory compare
  Usage:
  cmp [.b, .w, .l] addr1 addr2 count

• 内存内容修改 mm

  # ? mm
  mm - memory modify (auto-incrementing address)
  Usage:
  mm [.b, .w, .l] address

• 使用串口下载二进制文件到内存
  uboot支持的模式：
  loadb - load binary file over serial line (kermit mode)
  loads - load S-Record file over serial line
  loady - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)

  # ? loady
  loady - load binary file over serial line (ymodem mode)
  Usage:
  loady [ off ] [ baud ]
    - load binary file over serial line with offset ‘off’ and baudrate ‘baud’

  参数说明：
  off：DDR内存地址
  baud：使用的波特率

• 打开关闭emmc启动分区

  # help emmc
  emmc - Open/Close eMMC boot Partition
  Usage:
  emmc open <device num>
emmc close <device num>
  对设备读写操作，需要先打开，读写完毕，再关闭。

• movi 子系统

  # help movi
  movi - movi - sd/mmc r/w sub system for SMDK board
  Usage:
  movi init - Initialize moviNAND and show card info
  movi read zero {fwbl1 | u-boot} {device_number} {addr} - Read data from sd/mmc
  movi write zero {fwbl1 | u-boot} {device_number} {addr} - Write data to sd/mmc
  movi read {u-boot | kernel} {device_number} {addr} - Read data from sd/mmc
  movi write {fwbl1 | u-boot | kernel} {device_number} {addr} - Write data to sd/mmc
  movi read rootfs {device_number} {addr} [bytes(hex)] - Read rootfs data from sd/mmc by size
  movi write rootfs {device_number} {addr} [bytes(hex)] - Write rootfs data to sd/mmc by size
  movi read {sector#} {device_number} {bytes(hex)} {addr} - instead of this, you can use “mmc read”
  movi write {sector#} {device_number} {bytes(hex)} {addr} - instead of this, you can use “mmc write”
  注：读写安全加密数据 movi {read | write} tzsw {device_num} {addr}

• bootcmd环境变量
  bootcmd参数指定uboot启动成功后执行的命令

• 执行二进制文件命令 bootm

  # help bootm
  bootm - boot application image from memory
  Usage:
  bootm [addr [arg ...]]
    - boot application image stored in memory
      passing arguments ‘arg …’; when booting a Linux kernel, ‘arg’ can be the address of an initrd image
  Sub-commands to do part of the bootm sequence. The sub-commands must be issued in the order below (it’s ok to not issue all sub-commands):
    start [addr [arg …]]
    loados - load OS image
    cmdline - OS specific command line processing/setup
    bdt - OS specific bd_t processing
    prep - OS specific prep before relocation or go
    go - start OS

• tftpboot命令

  # help tftp
  tftpboot - boot image via network using TFTP protocol
  Usage:
  tftpboot [loadAddress] [[hostIPaddr:]bootfilename]

  # setenv ipaddr 192.168.100.100
# setenv serverip 192.168.100.101
# tftpboot 42000000 zImage

• 分区命令 fdisk

  # help fdisk
  fdisk - fdisk for sd/mmc.
  Usage:
  fdisk -p <device_num> - print partition information
  fdisk -c <device_num> [<sys. part size(MB)> <user data part size> <cache part size>]
    - create partition

• 指定emmc分区的文件系统格式

  ext2format- ext2format - disk format by ext2
  ext3format- ext3format - disk format by ext3
  fatformat- fatformat - disk format by FAT32

  # help fatformat
  fatformat - fatformat - disk format by FAT32
  Usage:
  fatformat <interface(only support mmc)> <dev:partition num>
    - format by FAT32 on ‘interface’
   
  # help ext2format
  ext2format - ext2format - disk format by ext2
  Usage:
  ext2format <interface(only support mmc)> <dev:partition num>
    - format by ext2 on ‘interface’
   
  # help ext3format
  ext3format - ext3format - disk format by ext3
  Usage:
  ext3format <interface(only support mmc)> <dev:partition num>
    - format by ext3 on ‘interface’