和许多其他GUI库一样,Android的UI也是线程不安全的。如果想要更新程序中的UI元素,则必须在主线程中进行,否则会出现异常。
新建一个项目
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<Button
android:id="@+id/change_text"
android:text="change text"
android:textAllCaps="false"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
<TextView
android:id="@+id/text"
android:layout_centerInParent="true"
android:textSize="20dp"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
</RelativeLayout>
点击button之后,可以更改textview中显示的内容
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
private TextView text;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
text =findViewById(R.id.text);
Button changeText = findViewById(R.id.change_text);
changeText.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.change_text:
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
text.setText("see you");
}
}).start();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}
这一定会报错,在子线程中不能打开UI
于是我们更改代码
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener{
private TextView text;
public static final int UPDATA_TEXT=1;
private Handler handler = new Handler(){
public void handleMessage(Message msg){
switch (msg.what){
case UPDATA_TEXT:
text.setText("Nice to meet you");
break;
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
text =findViewById(R.id.text);
Button changeText = findViewById(R.id.change_text);
changeText.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()){
case R.id.change_text:
new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
Message message = new Message();
message.what = UPDATA_TEXT;
handler.sendMessage(message);
}
}).start();
break;
default:
break;
}
}
}