多用户网页聊天室（测试报告）

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 13:43:44 发布

CHENWENFEIc

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 13:43:44 发布

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文章标签： python selenium 功能测试模块测试集成测试测试工具 pycharm

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/CHENWENFEIc/article/details/142712772

版权

一、项目背景

随着现代互联网的快速发展，实时通信系统（如聊天应用）已成为人们日常交流的重要工具。多用户网页聊天室项目旨在为用户提供一个基于Web的实时聊天平台，支持用户之间的即时通信、好友管理和历史消息记录查看。为了提升用户体验并确保系统的稳定性，本项目引入了自动化测试流程，通过自动化测试实现对核心功能的高效验证，减少手动测试的重复工作，提高测试效率，确保在不同环境下系统功能的正常运行。

聊天室采用了Spring MVC作为后端框架，通过WebSocket实现消息的实时传输，前端使用原生HTML和CSS构建用户界面。项目的自动化测试部分通过Selenium编写，结合Python语言进行测试脚本开发，覆盖了用户登录、好友管理、消息传输等核心功能模块，确保用户能够在各类浏览器和网络条件下获得一致、流畅的聊天体验。

二、测试主要任务

1.功能测试

1.1编写手工测试用例

设计测试用例方法主要从功能测试、界面测试、性能测试、兼容性测试、易用性测试、安全测试、弱网测试等七个方面进行设计，但个人博客的测试主要就是针对核心功能进行测试脑图展示如下：

1.2实际执行用例

1.2.1登录

（1）介绍

用户名以及密码已经在后端写入了数据库是已经存在的，登录成功后就会跳转到聊天页面；

（2）测试用例展示

a）界面

b）输入正确的账号和密码（以用户"zhangsan"为例）：

预期结果：出现登录成功的弹窗，点击后，跳转到博客列表页。

实际结果如下：

c）输入错误的账号或密码

预期结果：提示用户登录失败。

实际结果如下：

1.2.2聊天消息列表展示

（1）介绍

可以在列表页（主页）查看有限数量的聊天，其包括联系人名称、及最近一条消息内容。并且点击对应联系人之后会跳转到相应的聊天详情页。

（2）测试用例展示

a）列表页界面（显示消息等）

b）跳转到相应的聊天详情页

以点击“zhaoliu”为例：

1.2.3聊天消息详情页展示

（1）介绍

可以在详情页。查看具体聊天内容，其包括联系人名称、及聊天内容。

（2）测试用例展示

a）以“lisi”为例

1.2.4联系人页展示

（1）介绍

可以在联系人页展示查看联系人，其包括联系人名称。并且点击相应联系人后会跳转到相应聊天详情页。

（2）测试用例展示

a）查看联系人

b）点击跳转到相应聊天详情页（以“lisi”为例）

1.2.5信息的编辑与发送

（1）介绍

可以在信息的编辑与发送页进行信息的操作，其包括编辑内容与发送内容。

（2）测试用例展示

a）页面元素

b）编辑与发送内容

1.2.6搜索框

（1）介绍

可以搜索内容（未完善）输入内容点击“放大镜”按钮

（2）测试用例展示

a）页面元素

b）输入内容搜索（失效）

2.使用Selenium进行Web自动化测试

2.1 创建驱动和释放驱动类

创建一个驱动类（自定义名为Untils），在对聊天登录页、聊天列表页、聊天编辑页、聊天详情页，搜索框这几个页面分别进行测试时，都有一个初始化动作（创建驱动）和退出动作（退出浏览器），那么我们便可以把创建驱动和释放驱动这个操作放在一个类中，并设置驱动对象为静态的，就可以让创建和销毁驱动的步骤执行一次，其他类如果需要驱动直接继承该类。并且，创建屏幕截图功能以便更好地观察自动化测试代码如下：

import datetime
import os.path
import sys
from PIL import ImageGrab
#创建一个浏览器对象
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager


class Driver:
    driver = ""
    def __init__(self):
        options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome(service = Service(ChromeDriverManager().install()),options = options)
        self.driver.implicitly_wait(5)

    def getScreeShot(self):
        #创建屏幕截图
        dirname = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
        if not os.path.exists("../images/" + dirname):
            os.mkdir("../images/" + dirname)
        filename = sys._getframe().f_back.f_code.co_name + "-"+datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S")+".png"
        self.driver.save_screenshot("../images/"+dirname+"/"+filename)

    def get_alert_image(self):
        '''
        截图包含弹窗的页面
        后续需要截图弹窗的时候调用这个方法
        :return:
        '''
        # 创建屏幕截图
        dirname = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
        if not os.path.exists("../images/" + dirname):
            os.mkdir("../images/" + dirname)
        filename = sys._getframe().f_back.f_code.co_name + "-" + datetime.datetime.now().strftime(
            "%Y-%m-%d-%H%M%S") + ".png"
        screenshot = ImageGrab.grab()
        screenshot.save("../images/"+dirname+"/"+filename)

ChatDriver = Driver()

2.2聊天室“登录“自动化测试

①创建一个聊天登录页面测试类（自定义名为ChatLogin）继承Utils类，得到驱动

②创建 LoginSucTest（）方法

③在这个界面下分别对打开网页是否正常，并使用参数化注解对登录正常模块、登录异常模块分别进行测试

④注意清空内容后才能再次输入用户名以及密码

代码如下：

#测试聊天室登陆页面
import time
from lib2to3.pgen2 import driver

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from common.Utils import Driver, ChatDriver


class ChatLogin:
    url = ""
    driver = ""
    ChatDriver = ""
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/login.html"
        self.ChatDriver = Driver()
        self.driver = self.ChatDriver.driver
        self.driver.get(self.url)
        # 成功登陆的测试用例
    def LoginSucTest(self):
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#username").send_keys("zhangsan")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#password").send_keys("123")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        time.sleep(3)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        #print(f"警告框中的文本: {text}")  # 打印获取到的文本
        alert.accept()
        assert text == "登录成功!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        #返回登录页面
        self.driver.back()

        #未成功登录的测试用例
    def LoginFailTest(self):
        #异常用户名
        #账号错误，密码正确
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangsan..")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("123")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        time.sleep(2)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "登录失败!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        alert.accept()
        #账号密码为空
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        time.sleep(2)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前输入的用户名或者密码为空!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        alert.accept()

        #账号为空，密码正确
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("123")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        time.sleep(2)

        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前输入的用户名或者密码为空!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        alert.accept()

        #异常密码
        # 账号正确，密码错误
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangsan")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("1234")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        time.sleep(2)

        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "登录失败!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        alert.accept()

        # 账号密码为空
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        time.sleep(2)

        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前输入的用户名或者密码为空!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        alert.accept()

        # 账号正确，密码为空
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangsan")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        time.sleep(2)

        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前输入的用户名或者密码为空!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        alert.accept()

        #不点击登录按钮
        #正确的账号密码
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangsan")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("1234")
        #self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.nav")

        #错误的账号正确的密码
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangsan123")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("123")
        # self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "body > div.nav")

        #正确的账号错误的密码
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#username").send_keys("zhangsan")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#password").send_keys("1234")
        # self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "body > div.nav")
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()

Login = ChatLogin()
Login.LoginSucTest()
#Login.LoginFailTest()

2.3聊天消息列表自动化测试

代码如下：

import time
from telnetlib import EC

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait

from common.Utils import ChatDriver
#消息列表测试用例

class ChatList:
    url=""
    driver=""
    def __init__(self):
        self.url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver = ChatDriver.driver
        self.driver.get(self.url)
    def ListTestByLogin(self):
        #登录状态下消息列表
        #检查元素
        #个人信息
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.user")
        #搜索框
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search")
        #搜索按钮
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR," body > div.client - container > div > div.left > div.search > button")
        #聊天按钮
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.tab > div.tab-session")
        #联系人列表按钮
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.tab > div.tab-friend")
        #聊天人名称
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#session-list > li:nth-child(1) > h3")
        #最近聊天内容
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#session-list > li:nth-child(1) > p")
        #添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
        self.driver.back()


        #未登录状态下消息列表
    def ListTestByNotLogin(self):
        newurl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver.get(newurl)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前用户未登录!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
        alert.accept()
        #回到登录界面
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        # 等待警告框出现
        try:
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(EC.alert_is_present())
            alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"警告框未出现或已关闭: {e}")
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        alert.accept()

2.3聊天消息详情页自动化测试


class ChatDetails:
    url=""
    driver=""
    def __init__(self):
        self.url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver=ChatDriver.driver
        self.driver.get(self.url)
    #登录状态下聊天详情页
    def DetailsTestByLogin(self):
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#session-list > li.selected").click()
        #检查元素
        #聊天对象名称
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.title")
        #账号名称
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.message-show > div:nth-child(1) > div > h4")
        #账号聊天内容
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.message-show > div:nth-child(1) > div > p")
        #聊天对象名称
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.message-show > div:nth-child(3) > div > h4")
        #对象聊天内容
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.message-show > div:nth-child(3) > div > p")
        #添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
        self.driver.back()

    #未登录状态下聊天详情页
    def DetailsTestNotByLogin(self):
        newurl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver.get(newurl)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前用户未登录!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
        alert.accept()
        # 回到登录界面
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        # 等待警告框出现
        try:
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(EC.alert_is_present())
            alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"警告框未出现或已关闭: {e}")
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        alert.accept()

2.4联系人页自动化测试

class ContactList:
    url=""
    driver=""
    def __init__(self):
        self.driver = ChatDriver.driver

    def ContactTestByLogin(self):
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.tab > div.tab-friend").click()
        #检查元素
        #用户名称
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.user")
        #搜索框
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search")
        #搜索按钮
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client - container > div > div.l")
        #聊天按钮
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.tab > div.tab-session")
        #联系人列表按钮
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.tab > div.tab-friend")
        #联系人姓名
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#friend-list > li:nth-child(1)")

        #获取联系人名称
        actal1=self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#friend-list > li:nth-child(1)").text
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#friend-list > li:nth-child(1)").click()
        actal2=self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#session-list > li.selected > h3").text
        assert actal1 == actal2
        print("Before printing actal1")
        print(f"{actal1}")
        print("Before printing actal2")
        print(f"{actal2}")
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
    #未登录
    def ContactTestByNotLogin(self):
        newurl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver.get(newurl)
        time.sleep(3)
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.get_alert_image()
        time.sleep(3)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前用户未登录!"
        alert.accept()
        # 回到登录界面
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        alert.accept()
Login = ContactList()
# Login.ContactTestByLogin()

2.5信息编辑于发送页自动化测试

class ContactList:
    url=""
    driver=""
    def __init__(self):
        self.url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver = ChatDriver.driver
        self.driver.get(self.url)
    def InforTestByLogin(self):
        # 检查元素
        #输入框
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > textarea")
        #发送按钮
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.ctrl > button")

        #登录状态下，正常发送信息
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > textarea").send_keys("我是张三，晚上不辞")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.ctrl > button").click()
        actal=self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.message-show > div:nth-child(52) > div > p").text
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
        assert actal == "我是张三，晚上不辞"

        #登录状态下，异常发送信息
        #输入信息不点击
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > textarea").send_keys("我是张三，晚上不辞")
        #空白信息点击
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > textarea").send_keys("")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.right > div.ctrl > button").click()

    #未登录状态
    def InforTestByNotLogin(self):
        newurl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver.get(newurl)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前用户未登录!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
        alert.accept()
        #回到登录界面
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        # 等待警告框出现
        try:
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(EC.alert_is_present())
            alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"警告框未出现或已关闭: {e}")
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        alert.accept()

2.6 搜索框自动化测试、

class ContactList:
    url=""
    driver=""
    def __init__(self):
        self.url="http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver = ChatDriver.driver
        self.driver.get(self.url)
    #登录状态正常搜索
    def SearchBoxByLogin(self):
        #搜索
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > input[type=text]").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > input[type=text]").send_keys("zhangsan")
        #点击
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > button").click()
    #登录状态异常搜索
        #空白内容，点击搜索
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > input[type=text]").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > input[type=text]")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > button").click()
        #输入内容，不点击搜索
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > input[type=text]").clear()
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > input[type=text]").send_keys("zhangsan")
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"body > div.client-container > div > div.left > div.search > button")
 #未登录状态
    def SearchTestByNotLogin(self):
        newurl = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/client.html"
        self.driver.get(newurl)
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        text = alert.text
        assert text == "当前用户未登录!"
        # 添加屏幕截图
        ChatDriver.getScreeShot()
        alert.accept()
        #回到登录界面
        self.driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR,"#submit").click()
        # 切换到警告框
        # 等待警告框出现
        try:
            WebDriverWait(self.driver, 10).until(EC.alert_is_present())
            alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"警告框未出现或已关闭: {e}")
        alert = self.driver.switch_to.alert
        alert.accept()