一. hibernate的主键生成器:
generator元素:表示了一个主键生成器,它用来为持久化类实例生成唯一的标识 。
1.1 程序员自己控制:assigned
1.2 数据库控制: identity(标识列/自动增长) sequence
1.3 hibernate控制:increment uuid/uuid.hex
1.4 其它:native
公司名_模块名_时间戳
2. 主键生成器要求
2.1 assigned
数据类型不限、保存前必须赋值
2.2 identity(重点掌握)
数字,无需赋值
2.3 sequence(重点掌握)
数字,无需赋值, 默认使hibernate_sequence这个序列,
也可以通过sequence/sequence_name参数赋值
2.4 increment
数字,无需赋值
2.5 uuid/uuid.hex (是由容器自动生成的一个32位的字符串,.hex代表的是十六进制)
32位的字符串,无需赋值,
2.6 native(重点掌握)
等于identity+sequence
3. 自定义主键生成器
3.1 *.hbm.xml指定主键生成器类
3.2 创建主键生成器类
实现org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator接口即可,并还可以实现org.hibernate.id.Configurable接口来读取一些配置信息
PersistentIdentifierGenerator.TABLE
PersistentIdentifierGenerator.PK
示例:进行主键id自增长
1.进行一下连接测试 SessionFactoryUtils.java
package com.cjq.two.util;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;/**
* 本工具类的作用
* 1.简化代码的书写
* 2.检测hibernate的配置是否正确
* @author cjq
*
*/public class SessionFactoryUtils {
private static SessionFactory sessionFactory;
static {
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure("hibernate.cfg.xml");
sessionFactory = cfg.buildSessionFactory();
}
public static Session openSession() {
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
if(session == null) {
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
}
return session;
}
public static void closeSession() {
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
if(session != null && session.isOpen()) {
session.close();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
Session session = SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();
System.out.println(session.isConnected());
SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
System.out.println(session.isConnected());
}
}
结果如下:
2.导入需求文件:
Student.hbm.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.cjq.two.entity.Student" table="t_hibernate_student">
<id name="sid" type="java.lang.Integer" column="sid">
<!-- 1.由程序员控制
数据类型不限、保存前必须赋值 -->
<generator class="assigned" />
<!-- 2.由数据库控制
数字,无需赋值
<generator class="identity" />--> <!-- 3.由hibernate控制
数字,无需赋值
<generator class="increment" />--> <!-- 4.数字,无需赋值, 默认使hibernate_sequence这个序列, 也可以通过sequence/sequence_name参数赋值 -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param>
</generator> -->
<!-- <generator class="com.cjq.two.id.Myts" /> -->
</id>
<property name="sname" type="java.lang.String" column="sname">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Worker.hbm.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.cjq.two.entity.Worker" table="t_hibernate_worker">
<id name="wid" type="java.lang.String" column="wid">
<!-- <generator class="uuid" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="assigned" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" /> -->
<!-- <generator class="sequence" > <param name="sequence_name">aaa</param>
</generator> -->
<generator class="com.cjq.two.id.Myts" />
</id>
<property name="wname" type="java.lang.String" column="wname">
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
3.创建实体类:
Student.java
package com.cjq.two.entity;
public class Student {
private Integer sid;
private String sname;
public Integer getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(Integer sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public String getSname() {
return sname;
}
public void setSname(String sname) {
this.sname = sname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", sname=" + sname + "]";
}}
Worker.java
package com.cjq.two.entity;
public class Worker {
private String wid;
private String wname;
public String getWid() {
return wid;
}
public void setWid(String wid) {
this.wid = wid;
}
public String getWname() {
return wname;
}
public void setWname(String wname) {
this.wname = wname;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Worker [wid=" + wid + ", wname=" + wname + "]";
}
}
4.编写dao方法:
DemoDao.java
package com.cjq.two.dao;
import java.io.Serializable;import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;import com.cjq.two.entity.Student;
import com.cjq.two.entity.Worker;
import com.cjq.two.util.SessionFactoryUtils;public class DemoDao {
/**
* 添加学生
* @param stu
* @return
*/
public Serializable addstu(Student stu) {
Session session=SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction=session.beginTransaction();
Serializable save=session.save(stu);
transaction.commit();
SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
return save;
}
/**
* 添加工人
* @param worker
* @return
*/
public Serializable addworker(Worker worker) {
Session session=SessionFactoryUtils.openSession();
Transaction transaction=session.beginTransaction();
Serializable save=session.save(worker);
transaction.commit();
SessionFactoryUtils.closeSession();
return save;
}
}
测试dao方法:
DemoDaoTest.java
package com.cjq.two.dao;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;import java.io.Serializable;import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;import com.cjq.two.entity.Student;
import com.cjq.two.entity.Worker;
public class DemoDaoTest {
private DemoDao demoDao=new DemoDao();
@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
// System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之前都会执行的内容(一般用来初始化数据所用)");
}
@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
// System.out.println("测试所有要测试的方法之后都会执行的内容(一般用来释放资源用)");
} @Test
public void testAddstu() {
Student stu= new Student();
stu.setSname("张三");
demoDao.addstu(stu);
} @Test
public void testAddworker() {
Worker worker =new Worker();
worker.setWname("李四4");
worker.setWid("12345");
Serializable wid=demoDao.addworker(worker);
System.out.println(wid);
}}
-
程序员自己控制:assigned
注:数据库的表设置为自增长,但添加到数据库的数据仍是你设置的id -
数据库控制: identity(标识列/自动增长) sequence
-
hibernate控制:increment uuid/uuid.hex
注:这里的主键随机生成 32 位的字符串
5.实现 org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator接口
Myts.java
package com.cjq.two.id;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.engine.spi.SharedSessionContractImplementor;
import org.hibernate.id.IdentifierGenerator;public class Myts implements IdentifierGenerator{ @Override
public Serializable generate(SharedSessionContractImplementor session, Object object) throws HibernateException {
SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
return "book_category_"+sdf.format(new Date());
}}
结果如下:
native
公司名_模块名_时间戳
注:测试不同主键方法需修改主键
如图下: