装配bean(基于注解)
l 注解:就是一个类,使用@注解名称
l 开发中:使用注解 取代 xml配置文件。
l 注解使用前提,添加命名空间,让spring扫描含有注解类
1. @Component
@Component取代<bean class="">
@Component("id")取代 <beanid="" class="">
UserService:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.a_ioc;
public interface UserService {
public void addUser();
}
UserServiceImpl:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.a_ioc;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Component("userServiceId")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public void addUser() {
System.out.println("g_annotation.a_ioc add user");
}
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 组件扫描,扫描含有注解的类 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hcx.g_annotation.a_ioc"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
TestAnnoIoC:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.a_ioc;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestAnnoIoC {
@Test
public void demo02(){
//从spring容器获得
String xmlPath = "com/hcx/g_annotation/a_ioc/beans.xml";
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
UserService userService = (UserService) applicationContext.getBean("userServiceId");
userService.addUser();
}
}
2.web开发
提供3个@Component注解衍生注解(功能一样)取代<beanclass="">
@Repository:dao层
@Service:service层
@Controller:web层
3.依赖注入
给私有字段设置,也可以给setter方法设置
普通值:@Value("")
引用值:
方式1:按照【类型】注入
@Autowired
方式2:按照【名称】注入1
@Autowired
@Qualifier("名称")
方式3:按照【名称】注入2
@Resource("名称")
StudentDao:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.b_web;
public interface StudentDao {
void save();
}
StudentDaoImpl:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.b_web;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
@Repository("studentDaoId")
public class StudentDaoImpl implements StudentDao {
@Override
public void save() {
System.out.println("dao");
}
}
StudentService:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.b_web;
public interface StudentService {
void addStudent();
}
StudentServiceImpl:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.b_web;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service
public class StudentServiceImpl implements StudentService {
private StudentDao studentDao;
@Autowired
@Qualifier("studentDaoId")
public void setStudentDao(StudentDao studentDao) {
this.studentDao = studentDao;
}
@Override
public void addStudent() {
studentDao.save();
}
}
StudentAction:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.b_web;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
@Controller("studentActionId")
public class StudentAction {
@Autowired //默认按照类型
private StudentService studentService;
public void execute() {
studentService.addStudent();
}
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 组件扫描,扫描含有注解的类 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hcx.g_annotation.b_web"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
TestAnnoWeb:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.b_web;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestAnnoWeb {
@Test
public void demo02(){
//从spring容器获得
String xmlPath = "com/hcx/g_annotation/b_web/beans.xml";
ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
StudentAction studentAction = (StudentAction) applicationContext.getBean("studentActionId");
studentAction.execute();
}
}
4.生命周期
初始化:@PostConstruct
销毁:@PreDestroy
5.作用域
@Scope("prototype")多例
UserService:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.c_other;
public interface UserService {
public void addUser();
}
UserServiceImpl:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.c_other;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
@Service("userServiceId")
//@Scope("prototype")
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Override
public void addUser() {
System.out.println("d_scope add user");
}
@PostConstruct
public void myInit(){
System.out.println("初始化");
}
@PreDestroy
public void myDestroy(){
System.out.println("销毁");
}
}
beans.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 组件扫描,扫描含有注解的类 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hcx.g_annotation.c_other"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
TestOther:
package com.hcx.g_annotation.c_other;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class TestOther {
@Test
public void demo02(){
//spring 工厂
String xmlPath = "com/hcx/g_annotation/c_other/beans.xml";
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(xmlPath);
UserService userService = applicationContext.getBean("userServiceId" ,UserService.class);
UserService userService2 = applicationContext.getBean("userServiceId" ,UserService.class);
System.out.println(userService);
System.out.println(userService2);
applicationContext.close();
}
}