spring 注解装配bean （装配bean 二）

注解装配bean

最简单的例子

@Component("role")
public class Role {
	
	@Value("1")
	private Long id;
	@Value("zhangsan")
	private String roleName;
	@Value("hehe")
	private String note;
	
}

如果Component未显示给出名称，则去类名首字母小写为默认名称

获取ioc容器获取bean入口

未配置，扫码当前默认包

package priv.dengjl.spring.day1;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;

@ComponentScan
public class PojoConfig {

}

配置扫码指定包,多个逗号隔开

@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"priv.dengjl.spring.day1.service"})
public class ApplicationConfig {

}

配置扫码指定类,多个逗号隔开

@ComponentScan(basePackageClasses = {Role.class})
public class ApplicationConfig {

}

注解方式调用

		ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationConfig.class);
		Role role = context.getBean(Role.class);
		System.out.prinln(role);

自动装配，Autowired

装配类属性成员

public interface RoleService2 {
	void printRole();
}

@Component("roleService2")
public class RoleServiceImpl2 implements RoleService2{

	@Autowired
	private Role role = null;
	
	@Override
	public void printRole() {
		System.out.println(role);
	}

}

测试例子

		ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationConfig.class);
		RoleService2 service = context.getBean(RoleServiceImpl2.class);
		service.printRole();

priv.dengjl.spring.day1.Role@12405818

自动装配失败

Autowired表示必须装配成功

@Component("roleService4")
public class RoleServiceImpl4 implements RoleService2{

	@Autowired
	private Map map = null;
	
	@Override
	public void printRole() {
		System.out.println(map);
	}

}

测试例子

		ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationConfig.class);
		RoleService2 service = context.getBean(RoleServiceImpl4.class);
		service.printRole();

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'roleService4': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'map'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'java.util.Map<?, ?>' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: systemProperties,systemEnvironment

Autowired(required=false)

将required属性置为false，表示注入属性可以为空

@Component("roleService4")
public class RoleServiceImpl4 implements RoleService2{

	@Autowired(required=false)
	private Map map = null;
	
	@Override
	public void printRole() {
		System.out.println(map);
	}

}

测试通过

自动注入Autowired，子类过多歧义性

--RoleService2
	--RoleServiceImpl2
	--RoleServiceImpl4

定义类RoleController

@Component
public class RoleController {
	@Autowired
	private RoleService2 service;
	
	public void printRole() {
		service.printRole();
	}
}

测试文件

		ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationConfig.class);
		RoleController controller = context.getBean(RoleController.class);
		controller.printRole();

测试结果

Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'roleController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'priv.dengjl.spring.day1.service.RoleService2' available: expected single matching bean but found 2: roleService2,roleService4

@Primary标记为默认首选，组件自身设置

@Component("roleService2")
@Primary
public class RoleServiceImpl2 implements RoleService2{

	@Autowired
	private Role role = null;
	
	@Override
	public void printRole() {
		System.out.println(role);
	}

}

测试通过

@Qualifier按名称选择，调用方自动选择

@Component
public class RoleController {
	@Autowired
	@Qualifier("roleService2")
	private RoleService2 service;
	
	public void printRole() {
		service.printRole();
	}
}

测试通过

装配构造方法

@Component
public class RoleController2 {
	private RoleService2 service;

	public RoleController2(@Autowired @Qualifier("roleService2") RoleService2 service) {
		this.service = service;
	}

	public void printRole() {
		service.printRole();
	}
}

测试通过

为第三方jar包扩展

由于注解@Component无法注释到jar等地方包，可以通过bean这种方式转换，达到扩展目的

将第三方代码写在方法中，通过方法生成一个Bean对象

@Component
public class PersonData {

	// 由于注解@Component无法注释到jar等地方包，可以通过bean这种方式转换，达到扩展目的
	@Bean(name = "cust")
	public Map getMap() {
		Map temp = new HashMap();
		temp.put("name", "张三");
		temp.put("sex", "1");
		return temp;
	}
}

注入bean

@Component
public class Person {

	@Autowired(required = true)
	@Qualifier("cust")
	private Map map;

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return map.toString();
	}
	
}

测试

		ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(ApplicationConfig.class);
		Person person = context.getBean(Person.class);
		System.out.println(person);

{sex=1, name=张三}