opencv学习记录09：常用图像处理函数API

1、调用摄像头

int main()
{
    VideoCapture capture(0);    //调用摄像头
    while (1)   //循环显示每一帧
    {
        Mat frame;  //储存一帧图像
        capture >> frame; //读取当前帧
        imshow("调用摄像头", frame); //显示当前读入的一帧图像
        waitKey(10);    //延时10ms
    }
    return 0;
}

2、blur（均值滤波）

用的不多，Size(3, 3)表示每个滤波器大小。

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	blur(src, dst, Size(3, 3));
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

3、GaussianBlur（高斯滤波）

int main() {
Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
imshow("before", src);
Mat dst;
double t2 = getTickCount();
GaussianBlur(src, dst, Size(5, 5), 3, 3);
double timeconsume2 = (getTickCount() - t2) / getTickFrequency();
printf("timeconsume2 %.2f\n", timeconsume2);
imshow("blur", dst);
imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

4、medianBlur（中值滤波）

基本思想是用像素点邻域灰度值的中值来代替该像素点的灰度值，让周围的像素值接近真实的值从而消除孤立的噪声点。该方法对于脉冲噪声、椒盐噪声效果良好。

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	int ksize = 5;
	double t2 = getTickCount();
	medianBlur(src, dst, ksize);
	double timeconsume2 = (getTickCount() - t2) / getTickFrequency();
	printf("timeconsume2 %.2f\n", timeconsume2);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

5、bilateralFilter（双边滤波）

双边滤波器可以很好的边缘保护，即可以在去噪的同时，保护图像的边缘特性

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	int d = 50;
	int sigmaColor = 50;
	int sigmaSpace = 50;
	bilateralFilter(src, dst, d, sigmaColor, sigmaSpace);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

6、腐蚀和膨胀

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	Mat erodeStruct = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(5, 5));
	erode(src, dst, erodeStruct);
	//dilate(src, dst, erodeStruct);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

7、morphologyEx高级形态学变换

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	Mat erodeStruct = getStructuringElement(MORPH_RECT, Size(3, 3));
	morphologyEx(src, dst, MORPH_GRADIENT, erodeStruct);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

8、convertScaleAbs图像增强

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	double theta = 1.5;
	double b = 10;
	convertScaleAbs(src, dst, theta, b);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

9、Sobel算子

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	cvtColor(src, src, COLOR_RGB2GRAY);
	GaussianBlur(src, src, Size(3, 3), 0.5, 0.5);
	Sobel(src, dst, CV_16U, 1, 1, 5);
	convertScaleAbs(dst, dst);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

10、Laplacian算子

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	cvtColor(src, src, COLOR_RGB2GRAY);
	GaussianBlur(src, src, Size(3, 3), 1, 1);
	Laplacian(src, dst, CV_16U, 3);
	convertScaleAbs(dst, dst);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

11、Scharr算子

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	cvtColor(src, src, COLOR_RGB2GRAY);
	GaussianBlur(src, src, Size(3, 3), 0.5, 0.5);
	Scharr(src, dst, CV_16U, 1, 0);
	convertScaleAbs(dst, dst);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

12、Canny算子

int main() {
	Mat src = imread("F:/opencv_work/11综合/18.jpg");
	imshow("before", src);
	Mat dst;
	cvtColor(src, src, COLOR_RGB2GRAY);
	GaussianBlur(src, src, Size(3, 3), 0.5, 0.5);
	Canny(src, dst, 50, 150, 3);
	convertScaleAbs(dst, dst);
	imshow("blur", dst);
	imwrite("./after.jpg", dst);
	while (waitKey(1) != '1') {}
}

参考博客: https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44791964.