尝试使用google test

google test 是一个开源代码测试框架，主要用于单元测试。代码可以从

GitHub - google/googletest: GoogleTest - Google Testing and Mocking Framework

获得。

下面以一个简单的例子来说明如何使用google test.

1. 编译源代码:

cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$HOME/install/gtest/ ..

make

make install

2. 编写待测试的代码：

~/code/gtest_example/example$ tree src/
src/
├── Addition.cpp
├── Addition.hpp
├── ExampleApp.cpp
├── Makefile
├── Multiply.cpp
└── Multiply.hpp

0 directories, 6 files

$ cat Addition.hpp 
#ifndef _ADDITION_HPP_
#define _ADDITION_HPP_
class Addition 
{
public:
    static int twoValues(const int x, const int y);   
};
#endif

$ cat Addition.hpp 
#ifndef _ADDITION_HPP_
#define _ADDITION_HPP_
class Addition 
{
public:
    static int twoValues(const int x, const int y);   
};
#endif
charles@xiaotao:~/code/gtest_example/example/src$ cat Addition.cpp 
#include "Addition.hpp"

int 
Addition::twoValues(const int x, const int y)
{
    return x + y;
}

$ cat Multiply.hpp 
#ifndef _MULTIPLY_HPP_
#define _MULTIPLY_HPP_
class Multiply 
{
public:
    static int twoValues(const int x, const int y);   
};
#endif

$ cat Multiply.cpp 
#include "Multiply.hpp"

int
Multiply::twoValues(const int x, const int y)
{
    return x * y;
}

$ cat ExampleApp.cpp 
#include "Addition.hpp"
#include "Multiply.hpp"

#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
    int x = 4;
    int y = 5;

    int z1 = Addition::twoValues(x,y);
    printf("\nAddition Result: %d\n", z1);

    int z2 = Multiply::twoValues(x,y);
    printf("Multiply Result: %d\n", z2);

    return 0;
}

c$ cat Makefile 
CXX = arm-linux-gnueabi-g++
CXXFLAGS = -g
INCS = -I./
OBJS = Addition.o Multiply.o

exampleapp: ExampleApp.cpp $(OBJS)
	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -o exampleapp ExampleApp.cpp $(OBJS)

.cpp.o:
	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@ $(INCS)

clean:
	rm *.o exampleapp gmon.out

3. 编写测试代码：

:~/code/gtest_example/example/test$ tree src/
src/
├── Addition_Test.cpp
├── Addition_Test.o
├── Main_TestAll.cpp
├── Makefile
├── Multiply_Test.cpp
├── Multiply_Test.o
└── testAll

0 directories, 7 files

$ cat Multiply_Test.cpp 
#include <limits.h>
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "Multiply.hpp"

class MultiplyTest : public ::testing::Test {
 protected:
  virtual void SetUp() {
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
  }
};

TEST_F(MultiplyTest,twoValues){
    const int x = 4;
    const int y = 5;
    Multiply multiply;
    EXPECT_EQ(20,multiply.twoValues(x,y));
    EXPECT_EQ(6,multiply.twoValues(2,3));
}

$ cat Addition_Test.cpp 
#include <limits.h>
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "Addition.hpp"

class AdditionTest : public ::testing::Test {
 protected:
  virtual void SetUp() {
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    // Code here will be called immediately after each test
    // (right before the destructor).
  }
};

TEST_F(AdditionTest,twoValues){
    const int x = 4;
    const int y = 5;
    Addition addition;
    EXPECT_EQ(9,addition.twoValues(x,y));
    EXPECT_EQ(5,addition.twoValues(2,3));
}

$ cat Addition_Test.cpp 
#include <limits.h>
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "Addition.hpp"

class AdditionTest : public ::testing::Test {
 protected:
  virtual void SetUp() {
  }

  virtual void TearDown() {
    // Code here will be called immediately after each test
    // (right before the destructor).
  }
};

TEST_F(AdditionTest,twoValues){
    const int x = 4;
    const int y = 5;
    Addition addition;
    EXPECT_EQ(9,addition.twoValues(x,y));
    EXPECT_EQ(5,addition.twoValues(2,3));
}

$ cat Main_TestAll.cpp 
#include <limits.h>
#include "gtest/gtest.h"

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
  ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
  return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
}

$ cat Makefile 
CXX = arm-linux-gnueabi-g++
CXXFLAGS = -g -L/home/charles/code/googletest/googlemock/cmake -L/home/charles/code/googletest/googlemock/cmake/gtest -lgtest -lgtest_main -lpthread
INCS = -I../../src -I/home/charles/code/googletest/googletest/include
OBJS = ../../src/Addition.o Addition_Test.o ../../src/Multiply.o Multiply_Test.o

testAll: $(OBJS)
	$(CXX)  $(INCS) -o testAll  Main_TestAll.cpp $(OBJS)  $(CXXFLAGS)

.cpp.o:
	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $< -o $@ $(INCS)

clean:
	rm testAll *.o testAll.xml

运行结果：

#./testAll 
[==========] Running 2 tests from 2 test cases.
[----------] Global test environment set-up.
[----------] 1 test from AdditionTest
[ RUN      ] AdditionTest.twoValues
[       OK ] AdditionTest.twoValues (7 ms)
[----------] 1 test from AdditionTest (11 ms total)

[----------] 1 test from MultiplyTest
[ RUN      ] MultiplyTest.twoValues
[       OK ] MultiplyTest.twoValues (1 ms)
[----------] 1 test from MultiplyTest (2 ms total)

[----------] Global test environment tear-down
[==========] 2 tests from 2 test cases ran. (46 ms total)
[  PASSED  ] 2 tests.

按照下面的方式执行，会产生一个包含测试结果的xml文件：
testAll --gtest_output="xml:./testAll.xml"

googletest 支持  TEST(class,test_name) 和 TEST_F(class,test_name). 后一种方式是测试框架方式。

代码覆盖率统计：

gcc 加上 编译参数 fprofile-arcs -ftest-coverage -lgcov

编译后生成 gcno文件，可执行文件执行后生成gcda文件。

之后执行命令：

lcov -d .  -c -o test.info -b .

genhtml  -o result test.info

在 result 目录下生成 index.html.

用浏览器打开就能看到可视化的测试结果

 References:

1.  http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/Cpp-GoogleTest.html