OSPF笔记+大实验

OSPF综合大实验---实验报告

配置IP地址

R1：

[R1]int g0/0/0

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.1 24

[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R1-LoopBack0]ip add 172.168.34.1 24

R2:

[R2]int g0/0/0

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.2 24

[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R2-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.35.2 24

R3:

[R3]int g0/0/0

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.33.3 24

[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int s 4/0/0

[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.3 24

[R3-Serial4/0/0]int l0

[R3-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.36.3 24

R4

[R4]int s 3/0/0

[R4-Serial3/0/0]ip add 34.0.0.4 24

[R4-Serial3/0/0]

[R4-Serial3/0/0]int s3/0/1

[R4-Serial3/0/1]ip add 45.0.0.4 24

[R4-Serial3/0/1]int s 4/0/0

[R4-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.4 24

[R4-Serial4/0/0]int g0/0/0

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.4 24

[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R4-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.2.4 24

R5

[R5]int s 4/0/0

[R5-Serial4/0/0]ip add 45.0.0.5 24

[R5-Serial4/0/0]int l0

[R5-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.3.5 24

R6

[R6]int s4/0/0

[R6-Serial4/0/0]ip add 46.0.0.6 24

[R6-Serial4/0/0]int l0

[R6-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.4.6 24

[R6-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/0

[R6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.1 24

R7

[R7]int g0/0/0

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 47.0.0.7 24

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R7-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.5.7 24

[R7-LoopBack0]int g 0/0/1

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.1 24

R8

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.2 30

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.97.5 30

[R8]int l0

[R8-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.98.8 24

R9

[R9]int g0/0/0

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.97.6 30

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.129.1 30

[R9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R9-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.130.9 24

R10

[R10]int g 0/0/0

[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.129.2 30

[R10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R10-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.131.10 24

R11

[R11]int g0/0/0

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.2 30

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.16.65.5 30

[R11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int l0

[R11-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.66.11 24

R12

[R12]int g0/0/0

[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.65.6 30

[R12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int l0

[R12-LoopBack0]ip add 172.16.160.12 24

[R12-LoopBack0]int l1

[R12-LoopBack1]ip add 172.16.161.12 24

配置公网通

[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.4

[R5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.4

[R6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.4

[R7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.4

配置私网通（ospf）

R1

ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1

 area 0.0.0.1

  network 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255

  network 172.16.34.0 0.0.0.255

R2

ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2

 area 0.0.0.1

  network 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255

  network 172.16.35.0 0.0.0.255

R3

ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

 area 0.0.0.1

  network 172.16.26.0 0.0.0.255

  network 172.16.33.0 0.0.0.255

R5

ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255

R6

ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.4.0 0.0.0.255

 area 0.0.0.2

  network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0

R7

ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7

 area 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.5.0 0.0.0.255

 area 0.0.0.3

  network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0

R8

ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8

 area 0.0.0.3

  network 172.16.97.2 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.97.5 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.98.0 0.0.0.255

R9

ospf 1 router-id 9.9.9.9

 area 0.0.0.3

  network 172.16.97.6 0.0.0.0

  network 192.16.97.6 0.0.0.0

ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9

 area 0.0.0.4

  network 172.16.129.1 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.130.0 0.0.0.255

R10                            

ospf 2 router-id 10.10.10.10

 area 0.0.0.4

  network 172.16.129.2 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.131.0 0.0.0.255

R11

ospf 1 router-id 11.11.11.11

 area 0.0.0.2

  network 172.16.65.2 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.65.5 0.0.0.0

  network 172.16.66.0 0.0.0.255

R12

ospf 1 router-id 12.12.12.12

 import-route rip 1

 area 0.0.0.2

  network 172.16.65.6 0.0.0.0

rip 1

 undo summary

 version 2

 network 172.16.0.0

引进rip到公网：[R12-ospf-1]import-route rip

邻居路由表检验：

Area0:

Area1:

Area2:

Area3:

Area4:

搭建隧道

R3(中心站点)

interface Tunnel0/0/0

 ip address 172.16.6.3 255.255.255.0

 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

 source Serial4/0/0

 nhrp entry multicast dynamic

 nhrp network-id 100

R5

interface Tunnel0/0/0

 ip address 172.16.6.5 255.255.255.0

 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

 source Serial4/0/0

 nhrp network-id 100

 nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register

R6

interface Tunnel0/0/0

 ip address 172.16.6.6 255.255.255.0

 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

 source Serial4/0/0

 nhrp network-id 100

 nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register

R7

interface Tunnel0/0/0

 ip address 172.16.6.7 255.255.255.0

 tunnel-protocol gre p2mp

 source GigabitEthernet0/0/0

 nhrp network-id 100

 nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3

nhrp entry 172.16.6.3 34.0.0.3 register

隧道配置路由协议

R3

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3

[R3-ospf-1]a 0

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255      

R5

[R5]ospf 1

[R5-ospf-1]a 0

[R5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255

R6

[R6-ospf-1]a 0

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255                                                                                

R7

[R7]ospf 1

[R7-ospf-1]a 0

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]ne 172.16.6.0 0.0.0.255

修改隧道类型（解决建邻问题）

R3

[R3]int t0/0/0

[R3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

R5

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

R6

[R6]int t 0/0/0

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast                                                                                

R7

[R7]int t0/0/0

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type broadcast

取消分支站点选举资格（DR，BDR选举混乱问题）

R5

[R5]int t 0/0/0

[R5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R6

[R6]int t0/0/0

[R6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R7

[R7]int t0/0/0

[R7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf dr-priority 0

R9的路由引入（解决学习不到area4的路由信息）----将ospf2和ospf1双向引入

目前r1的学习情况：

[R9]ospf 1

[R9-ospf-1]im                                                                                

[R9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2

[R9-ospf-1]q

[R9]ospf 2

[R9-ospf-2]im                                                                                

[R9-ospf-2]import-route ospf 1

[R9-ospf-2]q

做easy ip（解决所有设备均可访问R4的环回）

R3

[R3]acl 2000

[R3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R3]int s 4/0/0

[R3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R5

[R5]acl 2000

[R5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R5]int s4/0/0

[R5-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R6

[R6]acl 2000

[R6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R6]int s 4/0/0

[R6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000

R7

[R7]acl 2000

[R7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255

[R7]int g0/0/0

[R7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000

配置缺省（做特殊区域自动配置缺省）

路由聚合只优化骨干区域，特殊区域优化非骨干区域

R3,R5,R6,R7做abr聚合

R3

[R3]ospf 1

[R3-ospf-1]a 1

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0

R5

只有一个环回

R6

[R6]ospf 1

[R6-ospf-1]a 2

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0

R7

[R7]ospf 1

[R7-ospf-1]a 3

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0

R9，R12做asbr聚合

R9

[R9]ospf 1

[R9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.168.0 255.255.224.0

R12

[R12]ospf 1

[R12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0

Area1设置成完全末梢区域

[R1]ospf 1

[R1-ospf-1]a 1

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

[R2]ospf 1

[R2-ospf-1]a 1

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

[R3]ospf 1

[R3-ospf-1]a 1

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary

Area2 设置成完全nssa区域

R6

[R6]ospf 1

[R6-ospf-1]a 2

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

R11

[R11]ospf 1

[R11-ospf-1]a 2

[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

R12

[R12]ospf 1

[R12-ospf-1]a 2

[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary

Area3设置成完全nssa区域

R7

[R7]ospf 1

[R7-ospf-1]a 3

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

R8

[R8]ospf 1

[R8-ospf-1]a 3

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

R9

[R9]ospf 1

[R9-ospf-1]a 3

[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary

手动下发缺省（解决其他的没有明细路由R10学习不到网段路由）

[R9]ospf 2

[R9-ospf-2]de      

[R9-ospf-2]default

[R9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise

更改hello时间（加快收敛）

在有路由需求的各个接口下配置：

ospf timer hello 5

区域认证(保证更新安全)

Area1

R1

[R1]ospf 1

[R1-ospf-1]a 1

[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

R2

[R2]ospf 1

[R2-ospf-1]a 1

[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

R3

[R3]ospf 1

[R3-ospf-1]a 1

ighborChangeTime=2024-04-17 20:38:36-08:00)

[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

Area2

R6

[R6]ospf 1

[R6-ospf-1]a 2

[R6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 1234

R11

[R11]ospf 1

[R11-ospf-1]a 2

[R11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

R12

[R12]ospf 1

[R12-ospf-1]a 2

[R12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

Area3

R7

[R7]ospf 1

[R7-ospf-1]a 3

[R7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 1234

R8

[R8]ospf 1

[R8-ospf-1]a 3

[R8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345

R12

[R9]ospf 1

[R9-ospf-1]a 33

[R9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 12345