NSString使用的延伸

很多开发者都会有自己的一些小技巧

//创建一个字符串对象
        NSString *str1 = @"www.hello.txt";
        NSLog(@"%@",str1);
        //用格式化字符串初始化
        int a = 123;
        NSString *str2 =[[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"%d %@",a,str1];
        NSLog(@"%@",str2);
        
        //快速创建一个字符串常量
        NSString *string1 = @"abc";
        NSString *string2 = @"cde";
        NSLog(@"%@ %@",string1,string2);
        //创建一个格式化的字符串 (内存在堆区)
        NSString *string3 = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"整数: %d",10];
        NSString *string4 = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"浮点数: %f",10.0];
        NSLog(@"%@ %@",string3,string4);
        
        
        
        //字符串比较
        NSString *string5 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"123"];
        NSString *string6 = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"124"];
          //测试内容是否相等
        //方法一
        if ([string5 isEqualToString:string6]) {
            NSLog(@"same content");
        }else{
            NSLog(@"different content");
        }
        //方法二
        //Bool : YES(1) NO(0)
        BOOL rst = [string5 compare:string6];
        NSLog(@"%d",rst);
        //方法三
        //不区分大小写比较字符串大小
        NSString *aString = @"ABC";
        NSString *otherString = @"abc";
        NSComparisonResult rst3 = [aString compare:otherString];
        NSLog(@"%ld",rst3);
        //测试内容是否指向同一个对象
        if (string5 == string6) {
            NSLog(@"same pointer");
        }else{
            NSLog(@"difference pointer");
        }
        
        
        //求字符串长度
        NSLog(@"%ld",[string6 length]);
        //截取字符串中的字符
        NSLog(@"%c",[string6 characterAtIndex:2]);
        //字符串转换
        NSString *string7 = @"hEllo world";
        NSLog(@"%@",[string7 uppercaseString]);
        NSLog(@"%@",[string7 lowercaseString]);
        NSLog(@"%@",[string7 capitalizedString]);
        //转换成基本数据类型
        NSString *string8 = @"3.14";
        float pi = [string8 floatValue];
        NSLog(@"%f",pi);
        //将oc字符转化为c的字符
        const char *p = [string8 UTF8String];
        NSLog(@"%c",*p);
        //将字符串转换为数组
        NSString *string9 = @"abc bcd xyz";
        NSArray *array = [string9 componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];
        NSLog(@"array: %@",array);
        
        
        
        
        
        
        //截取字符串
        NSString *string10 = @"abcdefg";
        NSString *subString1 = [string10 substringToIndex:2];
        NSLog(@"%@",subString1);
        NSString *subString2 = [string10 substringFromIndex:2];
        NSLog(@"%@",subString2);
        //通过查找截取
        NSRange range = {4,2};
        range.location = 4;
        range.length = 2;
        //在range指定范围内抽取
        NSString *subString3 = [string10 substringWithRange:range];
        NSLog(@"%@",subString3);
        //NSMakeRange
        NSString *subString4 = [string10 substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(4, 3)];
        NSLog(@"%@",subString4);
        //字符串拼接
        NSString *string11 = @"abc";
        NSString *string12 = @"xyz";
        NSString *appString1 = [[NSString alloc]initWithFormat:@"%@%@",string11,string12];
        NSString *appString2 = [string11 stringByAppendingString:string12];
        NSString *appString3 = [string11 stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@",string12];
        NSLog(@"%@ %@ %@",appString1,appString2,appString3);
        
        
        //查找字符串对象
        NSString *link = @"abcdetarget=_blankxyz";
        //查找子串,找不到返回
        NSRange range1 = [link rangeOfString:@"target=_blank"];
        if (range1.location != NSNotFound) {
            NSLog(@"location = %ld,length = %ld",range1.location,range1.length);
        }
        //判断字符串是否以指定字符串开头
        BOOL rst5 = [string1 hasPrefix:@"www"];
        NSLog(@"%d",rst5);
        //判断字符串是否以指定字符串结尾
        BOOL rst6 = [string1 hasSuffix:@".txt"];
        NSLog(@"%d",rst6);
        
        
        //可变字符串对象:NSMutableString继承至string
        NSMutableString *mutableString1 = [[NSMutableString alloc]initWithFormat:@"abc"];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableString1);
        //对可变字符串赋值
        [mutableString1 setString:@"qianfeng"];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableString1);
        //插入一个字符串,在指定下标(不要越界)位置插入NSString类型字符
        [mutableString1 insertString:@"...xyz" atIndex:3];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableString1);
        //在字符串末尾追加字符串
        [mutableString1 appendString:@"123"];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableString1);
        //替换
        NSRange range2={1,3};
        [mutableString1 replaceCharactersInRange:range2 withString:@"efg"];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableString1);
        //删除
        [mutableString1 deleteCharactersInRange:range2];
        NSLog(@"%@",mutableString1);