新概念二册 Lesson 18 He often does this!他经常干这种事! ( have的用法)

1 课文

What had happened to the writer’s bag?
　　After I had had lunch at a village pub, I looked for my bag. I
　　我在一家乡村小酒店吃过午饭后，就找我的提包【过去完成时，一前一后】

had left it on a chair beside the door and now it wasn’t there!
　　我曾把它放在门边的椅子上，可这会儿不见了！

As I was looking for it, the landlord came in.
　　当我正在寻找时，酒店老板走了进来。【过去一件事情持续进行，突然一件事情打断】

'Did you have a good meal?" he asked.
　　“您吃得好吗？”他问。

‘Yes, thank you,’ I answered, ‘but I can’t pay the bill. I haven’t got my bag.’
　　“很好，谢谢。”我回答，“但我付不了帐，我的提包没有了。” 【“有” have = have got】

The landlord smiled and immediately went out. In a few minutes he returned with my bag and gave it back to me.
　　酒店老板笑了笑，马上走了出去。一会儿工夫他拿着我的提包回来了，把它还给了我。

‘I’m very sorry,’ he said. ‘My dog had taken it into the garden. He often does this!’
　　 “实在抱歉，”他说，“我的狗把它弄到花园里去了，他常干这种事！”

2 单词

2.1 pub [pʌb] n. 小酒店,小酒馆

bal n.除了可以喝酒，还可以唱歌。

2.2 landlord [ˈlændlɔ:d] n. 店主，房东，业主，老板

landowner n. 店主，房东

2.3 bill [bɪl] n. 账单，单据，清单／钞票／法案／广告

pay the bill 付账
US dollar bills 美元纸钞
a crime bill 一个刑事法案
a bill board 一个广告看板

3 语法

have 的用法
-实义动词 ： 有实实在在的动作
-助动词

3.1 have 实义动词

实义动词 ： 有实实在在的动作
1 “有”
2 “吃喝玩乐做”

“有” （同义词：own/possess）
I have a book.
She has a car.
He had a surprise.

“吃喝玩乐做”
Have a meal 吃
have breakfast 吃
have some water. 和
have fun 玩
have a good time 玩
have a swim 做

3.2 助动词（完成时态中）

助动词：帮助构成时态，没有实在的意义。
I have received a letter.
She has bought a gift.

3.3 have 变否定/疑问

1 have 实义动词
否定：do/does + not + have
疑问：do/does + 主语 + have ?

否定：
I have a book. I do not have a book.
She has lunch. She does not have lunch.（has 变成否定，把时态传递给does ，自己变成原形）
He had a good time. He did not have a good time.（had 变成否定，把时态传递给did，自己变成原形）

疑问：
do/does + 主语 + have ?

2 have 助动词
否定：have + not
疑问：have 提前

I have received a letter.
I have not received a letter.
Have I received a letter?

3.4 have用法补充

1 “有” have = have got
You have a lot of money .= You have got a lot of money.
(美) （英）
do not have = have not got

2 have/has had
We have had trouble with the plan.(第一个have助动词，第二个had表示实义have的现在分词）

had had
I had had lunch at vlillage.（第一个had助动词，第二个had表示实义have的现在分词）

4 课文讲解

1 pay the bill 付帐。
2 He often does this.他经常千这种事。句中的He是指店主的狗。英语国家人士常用人称代词he或she来指自己喂养的宠物。
3 look for 表示寻找。
4 beside the door 在…旁边。
5 As = when = while