目录
相方
- 相手。パートナー。
- 对方。合作伙伴。
A:あれ?美保、一人?旦那さんも来るんじゃなかったの?
B.それが、うちの相方、昨日から風邪で寝込んでてさあ。
A: 咦?美保,一个人?老公不是也来吗?
B. 哎呀,我老公从昨天开始因为感冒卧床不起了。
A: are? mi ho, hitori? danna san mo kuru n janakatta no?
B: sore ga, uchi no aikata, kinō kara kaze de nekondeteki saa.
- are
<1>. あれ
[ Conjugation: [v5r-i] NIL Affirmative Plain
有る 【ある】 : to be; to exist; to live ]
<2>. あれ
- [pn] 《indicating something distant from both speaker and listener (in space, time or psychologically), or something understood without naming it directly》 that; that thing
- [pn] 《used to refer to one’s equals or inferiors》 that person
- [pn] then; that time
- [pn] that place (over there)
- [n] 《esp. アレ》 down there (i.e. one’s genitals)
- [n] 《esp. アレ》 period; menses
- miho 美保 【みほ】
- [n-suf,n] sustain beauty
- hitori 一人 【ひとり】
- [n] 《esp. 一人, 1人》 one person
- [n] being alone; being by oneself
- [n] 《esp. 独り》 being single; being unmarried
- [adv] by oneself; alone
- [adv] 《with neg. sentence》 just; only; simply
- danna 旦那 【だんな】
- [n] master (of a house, shop, etc.)
- [n] husband
- [n] 《used to address a male patron, customer, or person of high status》 sir; boss; master; governor
- [n] patron of a mistress, geisha, bar or nightclub hostess; sugar daddy
- [n] 《orig. meaning; usu. written as 檀那》 alms; almsgiving; almsgiver
- san さん
- [suf] 《after a person’s name (or position, etc.)》 Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; Ms.; -san
- [suf] 《usu. after a noun or sometimes na-adjective》 politeness marker
- mo も
- [prt] too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
- [prt] 《as AもBも》 both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence)
- [prt] 《used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.》 even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than
- [prt] 《often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.》 even if; even though; although; in spite of
- [adv] further; more; again; another; the other
- kuru 来る 【くる】
- [vk,vi] to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive
- [vk,vi,aux-v] 《after the -te form of a verb》 to come back; to do … and come back
- [vk,vi,aux-v] 《after the -te form of a verb》 to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue
- [vk,vi] to come from; to be caused by; to derive from
- [vi,vk] to come to (i.e. “when it comes to spinach …”)
- n ん
- [int] yes; yeah; uh huh
- [int] huh?; what?
- [aux-v,suf] 《negative verb ending used in informal speech; abbr. of negative verb ending ぬ》 not
- [prt] 《abbr. of particle の; indicates possessive》 's; of; belonging to
- [prt] 《abbr. of particle に, used esp. when it precedes the verb なる》 at (place, time); in; on; during
- janakatta じゃなかった
[ Conjugation: [v5r-i] NIL Negative Plain
ではある : to be (in contrast to something that is not the case) ]
[ Conjugation: [cop] NIL Negative Plain
だ : be; is ]
- no の
- [prt] 《occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之》 indicates possessive
- [prt] nominalizes verbs and adjectives
- [prt] substitutes for “ga” in subordinate phrases
- [prt] 《often ん》 (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion
- [prt] (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
- [prt] (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
- sore それ
- [pn] 《indicating an item or person near the listener, the action of the listener, or something on their mind》 that; it
- [pn] then; that point (in time); that time
- [pn] 《indicating a place near the listener》 there
- [pn] you
- ga が
- [prt] indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
- [prt] indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
- [conj] but; however; still; and
- [conj] 《after the volitional form of a verb》 regardless of; whether (or not)
- uchi
<1>. うち
- [n,adv] inside; within
- [n,adv] while (e.g. one is young); during; within (e.g. a day); in the course of
- [n,adv] 《as 〜のうち》 among; amongst; (out) of; between
- [n] 《also 裡, 裏; as 〜のうちに after a noun representing a state or condition》 in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.); amidst; with (e.g. success)
- [n] within oneself; one’s feelings; inner thoughts
- [n] we; our company; our organization
- [n] 《also 家》 one’s home; one’s family
- [n] my spouse; my husband; my wife
- [n] 《in a letter after the husband’s name》 signed on behalf of (husband’s name) by his wife
- [pn] 《primarily used by women and children》 I; me
- [n] imperial palace grounds
- [n] emperor
<2>. うち
1. [n] house
2. [n] one’s house; one’s home; one’s family; one’s household
- no の
- [prt] 《occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之》 indicates possessive
- [prt] nominalizes verbs and adjectives
- [prt] substitutes for “ga” in subordinate phrases
- [prt] 《often ん》 (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion
- [prt] (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
- [prt] (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
- aikata 相方 【あいかた】
- [n] partner (esp. in manzai); companion
- [n] partner for the night (e.g. at a brothel)
- kinō 昨日 【きのう】
- [adv,n] yesterday
- kara から
- [prt] from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since
- [prt] from (originator); by
- [prt] 《follows verbs, adjectives》 because; since
- [prt] out of (constituent, part)
- [prt] through (e.g. window, vestibule)
- [prt] 《following the te-form of a verb》 after; since
- [prt] expresses sympathy or warning
- kaze 風邪 【かぜ】
- [n] (common) cold; influenza; flu; ague; inflammatory respiratory system illness (in general)
- de で
- [prt] 《indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form》 at; in
- [prt] 《indicates time of action》 at; when
- [prt] 《indicates means of action》 by; with
- [conj] and then; so
- [aux] 《indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types》 and; then
- [prt] 《at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.》 let me tell you; don’t you know
[ Conjugation: [cop] NIL Affirmative Plain
だ : be; is ]
- nekondeteki 寝込んでてき 【ねこんでてき】 Compound word: 寝込んで + いて + き
– 寝込んで 【ねこんで】
[ Conjugation: [v5m] NIL Affirmative Plain
寝込む 【ねこむ】 : to fall fast asleep ]
– いて [suffix]: indicates continuing action (to be …ing)
[ Conjugation: [v1] NIL Affirmative Plain
居る 【いる】 : to be (of animate objects); to exist ]
– き [suffix]: indicates action that had been continuing up till now / came to be
[ Conjugation: [vk] NIL
来る 【くる】 : to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ]
- saa さあ
- [conj,int] come; come now; come along; go on; hurry up
- [conj,int] well; who knows; I don’t know…; uh; hmm
- [conj,int] 《said when surprised or happy》 well now; let’s see; there we go; all right
- [int,conj] about that; you see
愛嬌・愛敬がある
- 親しみやすく好感が持てる性質である。
- 容易亲近,有好感的性格。
A: うちの娘も去年の秋に嫁に行ってしまい、寂しくなりました。
B: そうですか。いつも笑顔で挨拶してくれて、愛嬌がある娘さんだったから、向こうの家でもかわいがられてることでしょうね。
A:我女儿去年秋天出嫁了,很寂寞。
B:是啊。因为她总是笑着跟我打招呼,是个很可爱的姑娘,所以在对面的家里也很受欢迎吧。
A: uchi no musume mo kyonen no aki ni yomeniitteshimai, sabishiku narimashita.
B: sō desu ka. itsumo egao de aisatsu shite kurete, aikyō ga aru musumesan datta kara, mukō no ie/ke/uchi demo kawaigarareteru koto deshō ne.
- uchi
<1>. うち
- [n,adv] inside; within
- [n,adv] while (e.g. one is young); during; within (e.g. a day); in the course of
- [n,adv] 《as 〜のうち》 among; amongst; (out) of; between
- [n] 《also 裡, 裏; as 〜のうちに after a noun representing a state or condition》 in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.); amidst; with (e.g. success)
- [n] within oneself; one’s feelings; inner thoughts
- [n] we; our company; our organization
- [n] 《also 家》 one’s home; one’s family
- [n] my spouse; my husband; my wife
- [n] 《in a letter after the husband’s name》 signed on behalf of (husband’s name) by his wife
- [pn] 《primarily used by women and children》 I; me
- [n] imperial palace grounds
- [n] emperor
<2>. うち
- [n] house
- [n] one’s house; one’s home; one’s family; one’s household
- no の
- [prt] 《occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之》 indicates possessive
- [prt] nominalizes verbs and adjectives
- [prt] substitutes for “ga” in subordinate phrases
- [prt] 《often ん》 (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion
- [prt] (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
- [prt] (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
- musume 娘 【むすめ】
- [n] daughter
- [n] girl (i.e. a young, unmarried woman)
- mo も
- [prt] too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence)
- [prt] 《as AもBも》 both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence)
- [prt] 《used for emphasis or to express absence of doubt regarding a quantity, etc.》 even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than
- [prt] 《often as 〜ても, 〜でも, 〜とも, etc.》 even if; even though; although; in spite of
- [adv] further; more; again; another; the other
- kyonen 去年 【きょねん】
- [adv,n] last year
- no の
- [prt] 《occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之》 indicates possessive
- [prt] nominalizes verbs and adjectives
- [prt] substitutes for “ga” in subordinate phrases
- [prt] 《often ん》 (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion
- [prt] (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
- [prt] (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
- aki 秋 【あき】
- [adv,n] autumn; fall
- ni に
- [prt] at (place, time); in; on; during
- [prt] to (direction, state); toward; into
- [prt] for (purpose)
- [prt] because of (reason); for; with
- [prt] by; from
- [prt] as (i.e. in the role of)
- [prt] per; in; for; a (e.g. “once a month”)
- [prt] and; in addition to
- [prt] if; although
- yomeniitteshimai 嫁に行ってしまい 【よめにいってしまい】 Compound word: 嫁に行って + しまい
– 嫁に行って 【よめにいって】
[ Conjugation: [v5k-s] NIL Affirmative Plain
嫁に行く 【よめにいく】 : to marry (of a woman); to become a bride; to marry into (a family) ]
– しまい [suffix]: indicates completion (to finish …)
[ Conjugation: [v5u] NIL
仕舞う 【しまう】 : to finish; to stop; to end; to put an end to; to bring to a close ]
- sabishiku 寂しく 【さびしく】
[ Conjugation: [adj-i] NIL
寂しい 【さびしい】 : lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate ]
- narimashita なりました
[ Conjugation: [v5r] NIL Affirmative Formal
成る 【なる】 : to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ]
- sō そう
- [aux,adj-na] 《after -masu stem or adj. stem》 appearing that; seeming that; looking like; having the appearance of
- desu です
- [cop] be; is
[ Conjugation: [cop] NIL Affirmative Formal
だ : be; is ]
- ka か
- [prt] 《at sentence end》 indicates a question
- [prt] 《after each alternative》 or; whether or not
- [prt] 《after an interrogative》 some- (e.g. something, someone)
- [prt] 《indicates doubt, uncertainty, etc.; sometimes after other particles》 hmm; huh
- [pref] 《emphatic prefix; usu. before an adjective》 very
- [suf] 《suffix forming adjectives or adverbs; after an indeclinable word》 -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y
- [adv] in that way
- itsumo いつも
- [adv] always; all the time; at all times
- [adv] 《with neg. verb》 never
- [n,adj-no] usual; regular; habitual; customary
- egao 笑顔 【えがお】
- [vs,n] smiling face; smile
- de で
- [prt] 《indicates location of action; にて is the formal literary form》 at; in
- [prt] 《indicates time of action》 at; when
- [prt] 《indicates means of action》 by; with
- [conj] and then; so
- [aux] 《indicates continuing action; alternative form of 〜て used for some verb types》 and; then
- [prt] 《at sentence-end; indicates certainty, emphasis, etc.》 let me tell you; don’t you know
[ Conjugation: [cop] NIL Affirmative Plain
だ : be; is ]
- aisatsu shite kurete 挨拶してくれて 【あいさつ して くれて】 Compound word: 挨拶 + して + くれて
– 挨拶 【あいさつ】
- [n,vs,adj-no] 《polite set phrase used when meeting or parting from somebody》 greeting; greetings; salutation; salute; condolences; congratulations
- [n,vs,adj-no] speech (congratulatory or appreciative); address
- [n,vs,adj-no] reply; response
- [n,vs,adj-no] revenge; retaliation
- [exp] 《used sarcastically as a response to a rude remark; usu. in the form of ご挨拶》 a fine thing to say
- [exp] 《orig. meaning》 dialoging (with another Zen practitioner to ascertain their level of enlightenment)
- [n] relationship (between people); connection
- [n] intervention; mediation; mediator
– して [suffix]: makes a verb from a noun
[ Conjugation: [vs-i] NIL Affirmative Plain
為る 【する】 : to do; to carry out; to perform ]
– くれて [suffix]: (asking) to do something for one
[ Conjugation: [v1-s] NIL Affirmative Plain
呉れる 【くれる】 : to give; to let (one) have ]
- aikyō 愛嬌 【あいきょう】
- [n] charm; attractiveness; amiability; winsomeness
- [n] courtesy; ingratiating behaviour
- [n] 《usu. as 御愛嬌》 entertainment; amusement; fun
- ga が
- [prt] indicates sentence subject (occasionally object)
- [prt] indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions)
- [conj] but; however; still; and
- [conj] 《after the volitional form of a verb》 regardless of; whether (or not)
- aru
<1>. ある
- [v5r-i,vi] 《usu. of inanimate objects》 to be; to exist; to live
- [v5r-i,vi] to have
- [v5r-i,vi] to be located
- [v5r-i,vi] to be equipped with
- [vi,v5r-i] to happen; to come about
<2>. ある
- [adj-pn] a certain …; some …
- musumesan 娘さん 【むすめさん】
- [n] daughter
- datta だった
- [exp] 《past tense of plain copula》 was; were
[ Conjugation: [cop] NIL Affirmative Plain
だ : be; is ]
- kara から
- [prt] from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since
- [prt] from (originator); by
- [prt] 《follows verbs, adjectives》 because; since
- [prt] out of (constituent, part)
- [prt] through (e.g. window, vestibule)
- [prt] 《following the te-form of a verb》 after; since
- [prt] expresses sympathy or warning
- mukō 向こう 【むこう】
- [n] opposite side; other side; opposite direction
- [n] over there; that way; far away; beyond
- [n] the other party; the other person
- [n] future (starting now)
[ Conjugation: [v5k] NIL Affirmative Plain
向く 【むく】 : to turn toward; to look (up, down, etc.) ]
- no の
- [prt] 《occasionally ん, orig. written 乃 or 之》 indicates possessive
- [prt] nominalizes verbs and adjectives
- [prt] substitutes for “ga” in subordinate phrases
- [prt] 《often ん》 (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion
- [prt] (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis
- [prt] (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
- ie/ke/uchi
<1>. 家 【いえ】
- [n] house; residence; dwelling
- [n] family; household
- [n] lineage; family name
<2>. 家 【け】
- [suf] house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
<3>. 家 【うち】
- [n] house
- [n] one’s house; one’s home; one’s family; one’s household
- demo でも
- [conj] but; however; though; nevertheless; still; yet; even so; also; as well
- [prt] even
- [prt] however; no matter how; even if; even though
- [prt] … or something
- [prt] 《as 〜でも〜でも》 either … or …; neither … nor …
- [pref] 《before an occupation, etc.》 pseudo-; quack; in-name-only
- [pref] 《before an occupation, etc.》 for lack of anything better to do
- kawaigarareteru
<1>. かわいがられてる Compound word: かわい + がられて + いる
– かわい
[ Conjugation: [adj-i] NIL
可愛い 【かわいい】 : cute; adorable; charming; lovely; pretty ]
– がられて [suffix]: to feel …/have a … impression of someone
[ Conjugation: [v1] NIL Affirmative Plain
–(via)–
[ Conjugation: [v5r] NIL Affirmative Plain
がる : to show signs of being; to feel; to think ] ]
- いる [suffix]: indicates continuing action (to be …ing)
<2>. かわいがられてる Compound word: かわいがられて + いる
– かわいがられて
[ Conjugation: [v1] NIL Affirmative Plain
–(via)–
[ Conjugation: [v5r] NIL Affirmative Plain
可愛がる 【かわいがる】 : to be affectionate to; to treat tenderly; to dote on; to show one’s love (for); to cherish ] ]
– いる [suffix]: indicates continuing action (to be …ing)
- koto こと
- [n] thing; matter
- [n] incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
- [n] circumstances; situation; state of affairs
- [n] work; business; affair
- [n] after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
- [n-suf] nominalizing suffix
- [n-suf] pretending to …; playing make-believe …
- [n] 《as AことB (A = alias, B = real name)》 alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or
- [n] 《as 〜ことはない》 necessity; need
- [n] 《as 〜ことだ》 you should …; I advise that you …; it’s important to …
- deshō でしょう
- [exp] 《conjectural form of polite copula です; でしょ is less polite》 it seems; I think; I guess; I wonder
- [exp] right?; don’t you agree?
[ Conjugation: [cop] NIL Formal
だ : be; is ]
- ne ね
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used as a request for confirmation or agreement》 right?; isn’t it?; doesn’t it?; don’t you?; don’t you think?
- [int] hey; say; listen; look; come on
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used to express one’s thoughts or feelings》 you know; you see; I must say; I should think
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used to make an informal request》 will you?; please
- [prt] 《at the end of a non-final clause; used to draw the listener’s attention to something》 so, …; well, …; you see, …; you understand?
- [prt] 《at sentence end after the question marker か》 I’m not sure if …; I have my doubts about whether …
合い言葉
- ① 味方であることを確認する合図の言葉。② 集団や仲間の主義・主張を表す簡単な言葉。
- ① 确认对方是自己人的暗号。②表达集体或伙伴的主义、主张的简单词汇。
A: 政治家はみんな、脱原発、脱原発と合い言葉のように唱えてますね。
B: でも、本当のところはどうなんでしょうね。
A:政治家们都在提倡摆脱核电、摆脱核电。
B:但是,事实上他们怎么想的呢。
A: seijika wa minna, datsugempatsu, datsugempatsu to ai kotoba noyōni tonaetemasu ne.
B: demo, hontōnotokoro wa dō na n deshō ne.
- seijika 政治家 【せいじか】
- [n] politician; statesman
- wa は
- [prt] 《pronounced わ in modern Japanese》 indicates sentence topic
- [prt] indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
- [prt] adds emphasis
- minna みんな
- [n,pn,adv] everyone; everybody; all
- [adv,n] everything; all
- datsugempatsu 脱原発 【だつげんぱつ】
- [n] abandoning nuclear power generation
- datsugempatsu 脱原発 【だつげんぱつ】
- [n] abandoning nuclear power generation
- to と
- [prt,conj] if; when
- [prt,conj] and
- [prt] with
- [prt] used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
- [prt] 《at sentence end》 indicates a question
- ai 合い 【あい】
[ Conjugation: [v5u] NIL
合う 【あう】 : to come together; to merge; to unite; to meet ]
- kotoba 言葉 【ことば】
- [n] language; dialect
- [n] word; phrase; expression; term
- [n] speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language
- [n] words; remark; statement; comment
- [n] learning to speak; language acquisition
- noyōni のように
- [exp,adv] like; similar to
- [adv,exp] as with; in the same way
- tonaetemasu 唱えてます 【となえてます】 Compound word: 唱えて + います
– 唱えて 【となえて】
[ Conjugation: [v1] NIL Affirmative Plain
唱える 【となえる】 : to recite; to chant ]
– います [suffix]: indicates continuing action (to be …ing)
[ Conjugation: [v1] NIL Affirmative Formal
居る 【いる】 : to be (of animate objects); to exist ]
- ne ね
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used as a request for confirmation or agreement》 right?; isn’t it?; doesn’t it?; don’t you?; don’t you think?
- [int] hey; say; listen; look; come on
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used to express one’s thoughts or feelings》 you know; you see; I must say; I should think
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used to make an informal request》 will you?; please
- [prt] 《at the end of a non-final clause; used to draw the listener’s attention to something》 so, …; well, …; you see, …; you understand?
- [prt] 《at sentence end after the question marker か》 I’m not sure if …; I have my doubts about whether …
- demo でも
- [conj] but; however; though; nevertheless; still; yet; even so; also; as well
- [prt] even
- [prt] however; no matter how; even if; even though
- [prt] … or something
- [prt] 《as 〜でも〜でも》 either … or …; neither … nor …
- [pref] 《before an occupation, etc.》 pseudo-; quack; in-name-only
- [pref] 《before an occupation, etc.》 for lack of anything better to do
- hontōnotokoro 本当のところ 【ほんとうのところ】
- [exp,adv] in truth; in actuality; at heart
- [n,exp] the truth; the real story
- wa は
- [prt] 《pronounced わ in modern Japanese》 indicates sentence topic
- [prt] indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated)
- [prt] adds emphasis
- dō どう
- [adv] how; in what way; how about
- na な
- [prt] 《prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb》 don’t
- [prt] 《imperative (from なさい); used with -masu stem of verb》 do
- [int] 《used to get someone’s attention or press one’s point》 hey; listen; look; say
- [prt] 《when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end》 now, …; well, …; I tell you!; you know
- [prt] 《used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end》 wow; ooh
- [prt] 《used as a request for confirmation or agreement; used at sentence end》 right?; isn’t it?; doesn’t it?; don’t you?; don’t you think?
- [prt] indicates な-adjective
- n ん
- [int] yes; yeah; uh huh
- [int] huh?; what?
- [aux-v,suf] 《negative verb ending used in informal speech; abbr. of negative verb ending ぬ》 not
- [prt] 《abbr. of particle の; indicates possessive》 's; of; belonging to
- [prt] 《abbr. of particle に, used esp. when it precedes the verb なる》 at (place, time); in; on; during
- deshō でしょう
- [exp] 《conjectural form of polite copula です; でしょ is less polite》 it seems; I think; I guess; I wonder
- [exp] right?; don’t you agree?
[ Conjugation: [cop] NIL Formal
だ : be; is ]
- ne ね
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used as a request for confirmation or agreement》 right?; isn’t it?; doesn’t it?; don’t you?; don’t you think?
- [int] hey; say; listen; look; come on
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used to express one’s thoughts or feelings》 you know; you see; I must say; I should think
- [prt] 《at sentence end; used to make an informal request》 will you?; please
- [prt] 《at the end of a non-final clause; used to draw the listener’s attention to something》 so, …; well, …; you see, …; you understand?
- [prt] 《at sentence end after the question marker か》 I’m not sure if …; I have my doubts about whether …