esp32获取网络天气时钟--桌面旋转太空人天气预报站

九月一到,就有了秋意,秋意在一个多雾的黎明溜来,到了炎热的下午便不见踪影。它踮起脚尖掠过树顶,染红几片叶子,然后乘着一簇飞掠过山谷离开。秋天已悄悄到来,背上你的行囊,叫上你的小伙伴一起去外面看看缤纷的世界。这不我养的小青蛙已经出去旅行了,它总是会给我发一些它在旅游时候的照片,不过最近在外好像有了艳遇。给大家看看它寄回来的照片。


我每当我看到我这里天气的变好或变差的时候,我都会去看看我的蛙儿子在哪里旅行。



功能:
1.接受当地时间及当地天气,显示在屏幕上
2.使用ESP32-E的电容触摸引脚,切换屏幕显示内容,显示青蛙旅行图片

用esp32做成的桌面天气站



一、准备材料

1.硬件材料:
 



2.外壳打印:点击链接获取图纸
 



二、制作过程

2.1 将各个模块按下图进行连接





2.2 安装开发板和库文件



三、使用esp32获取网络天气及时间

ESP32同时支持STA以及AP模式的WiFi连接。
  • STA 模式:ESP32模块通过路由器连接互联网,手机或电脑通过互联网实现对设备的远程控制。
  • AP 模式:ESP32模块作为热点,实现手机或电脑直接与模块通信,实现局域网无线控制。
  • STA+AP 模式:两种模式的共存模式,即可以通过互联网控制可实现无缝切换,方便操作。
 
  1. #include <WiFi.h>
    #include <HTTPClient.h>
    #include <ArduinoJson.h>
    HTTPClient http;
    const char* ssid="dfrobotOffice";
    const char* password="dfrobot2011";
    const char* ntpServer = "pool.ntp.org";
    const long gmtOffset_sec = 28800;
    const int daylightOffset_sec = 0;
    DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
    DynamicJsonDocument doc1(1024);
    
    void printLocalTime(){
     struct tm timeinfo;
     if(!getLocalTime(&timeinfo)){
       Serial.println("Failed to obtian time");
       return ;
     }
     Serial.println(&timeinfo,"%A, %B %d %Y %H:%M:%S");
    }
    
    void printLocalWeather(){
        http.begin("http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101270101.html");
        int httpCode = http.GET();
        if(httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK){
          String pageData = http .getString();
          //Serial.println(pageData);
          deserializeJson(doc,pageData);
          JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
          String weatherInfo = obj["weatherinfo"];
          deserializeJson(doc1,weatherInfo);
          JsonObject obj1 = doc1.as<JsonObject>();
          String city = obj1["city"];
          String temp1 = obj1["temp1"];
          String temp2 = obj1["temp2"];
          String weather = obj1["weather"];
          String cityInfo ="地点:"+ city;
          String tempInfo =" 温度: " + temp1 + "~" + temp2;
          String cityWeatherinfo = " 天气状况: " + weather;
          Serial.println("获得天气情况如下:");
          printLocalTime();
          Serial.print(cityInfo);
          Serial.print(tempInfo);
          Serial.println(cityWeatherinfo);
        }else{
          Serial.println("GET ERR");
        }
        http.end();
    }
    
    void setup() {
    Serial.begin(115200);
      Serial.printf("Connecting to %s",ssid);
      WiFi.begin(ssid,password);
      while(WiFi.status()!=WL_CONNECTED){
        delay(500);
        Serial.print(".");
      }
      Serial.println(" CONNECTED");
      configTime(gmtOffset_sec, daylightOffset_sec, ntpServer);
    
     // printLocalWeather();  
    }
    
    void loop() {
      if(WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED){
        printLocalWeather();  
      }else{
        Serial.println("WiFi  Disconnect");
       }
    }

说明:本Demo实现了通过WiFi功能获取网络时间以及通过访问国家气象局提供的http://www.weather.com.cn/datalcityinfo/101010100.html来获取天气情况,本接口中“101010100"为城市代码。
注意:该例程需要下载ArduinoJson库,下载方式如下图

 

结果




四、添加旋转太空人图片

4.1 旋转太空人的动态图,其实是从动态图里面截取下来的4张图片  通过每100毫秒切换一张图片,达到旋转太空人的形态。



4.2 把图片转换成数组




4.3 把图片的数组存放到.h文件下




4.4 图片的使用代码如下

#include <DFRobot_GDL.h>
#include "BMP.h"

#define TFT_DC  D2
#define TFT_CS  D6
#define TFT_RST D3
#define PICNUMBER 6

DFRobot_ST7789_240x240_HW_SPI screen(/*dc=*/TFT_DC,/*cs=*/TFT_CS,/*rst=*/TFT_RST);

void setup() {
    screen.begin();


}

void loop() {
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black1);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black2);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black3);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black4);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black5);


}



4.5 图片动态展示



五、把从网络上获取到的天气和时间信息显示在TFT屏幕

5.1 python环境搭建          在使用setup.py脚本生成自定义字体之前,需要做如下准备:

 



5.2 生成自定义字体
          把ttf文件放在库文件的对应ttf文件夹下,这里我提供了一个ttf文件,供大家使用。点击链接获取

  • 将TTF字体文件存放在ttf文件夹里,例如:SIMKAI.TTF(简体字 楷体)
  • 在text.txt文件中输入你想生成的字符,例如:你好,世界!
  • 打开config.txt文件,配置生成字体文件的名字前缀和字体大小




5.3 在屏幕上显示

  • 运行setup.py脚本,会在font文件夹生成一系列后缀名为.h的字体文件,并弹出一个font.txt的文本,再进行以下步骤,即可在屏上显示:你好,世界!
  • 将font文件夹里的文件复制到DFRobot_GDL\src\Fonts\Fonts目录下;
  • 将弹出的font.txt的内容粘贴到DFRobot_GDL\src\Fonts\DFRobot_Font.h文件中;
  • 打开Arduino IDE,构造屏对象,如tft,调用tft.setFont(&SIMKAIFont48pt);
  • 调用tft.println("你好,世界!"),此时即可在屏上显示"你好,世界!"




5.4 显示天气和时间的代码如下

#include <DFRobot_GDL.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <HTTPClient.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include "BMP.h"
HTTPClient http;

const char* ssid="dfrobotOffice";
const char* password="dfrobot2011";
const char* ntpServer = "pool.ntp.org";
const long gmtOffset_sec = 28800;
const int daylightOffset_sec = 0;
DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
DynamicJsonDocument doc1(1024);
#define TFT_DC  D2
#define TFT_CS  D6
#define TFT_RST D3
#define PICNUMBER 6

String weekDays[]={"周天", "周一", "周二","周三", "周四", "周五", "周六"};

DFRobot_ST7789_240x240_HW_SPI screen(/*dc=*/TFT_DC,/*cs=*/TFT_CS,/*rst=*/TFT_RST);

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  screen.begin();

  Serial.printf("Connecting to %s",ssid);
  WiFi.begin(ssid,password);
  while(WiFi.status()!=WL_CONNECTED){
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println(" CONNECTED");
  configTime(gmtOffset_sec, daylightOffset_sec, ntpServer);

  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);  

}

void printLocalWeather(){
    http.begin("http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101270101.html");
    int httpCode = http.GET();
    if(httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK){
      String pageData = http .getString();
      //Serial.println(pageData);
      deserializeJson(doc,pageData);
      JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
      String weatherInfo = obj["weatherinfo"];
      deserializeJson(doc1,weatherInfo);
      JsonObject obj1 = doc1.as<JsonObject>();
      String city = obj1["city"];
      String temp1 = obj1["temp1"];
      String temp2 = obj1["temp2"];
      String weather = obj1["weather"];
      String cityInfo = city;
      String tempInfo =temp1 + "~" + temp2;
      String cityWeatherinfo =weather;
      Serial.println("获得天气情况如下:");
      Serial.print(cityInfo);
      Serial.print(tempInfo);
      Serial.println(cityWeatherinfo);
      
      struct tm timeinfo;
      if(!getLocalTime(&timeinfo)){
      Serial.println("Failed to obtian time");
      return ;
      }
      Serial.println(&timeinfo, "%F %R %u"); // 格式化输出

      //显示天气及时间信息
      screen.setFont(&simkaiFont72pt );//Set the font to FreeMono12pt7b
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/15,/*y=*/0);
      screen.println(&timeinfo,"%H");
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/15,/*y=*/55);
      screen.println(&timeinfo,"%M");
      screen.setFont(&simkaiFont72pt );//Set the font to FreeMono12pt7b
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0);
      screen.setTextColor(COLOR_RGB565_LGRAY);
      screen.setTextWrap(true);
      screen.setFont(&simkaiFont48pt );//Set the font to FreeMono12pt7b
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/124,/*y=*/0);
      screen.println(weekDays[timeinfo.tm_wday]);
      screen.setFont(&simkaiFont24pt );//设置字体大小 为24像素点大小
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/130,/*y=*/70); //设置显示光标
      screen.println(cityWeatherinfo);//屏幕显示天气状况,如多云转晴类字样
      screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/125,/*y=*/200,/*w=*/24,/*h=*/24,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black6);//屏幕显示位置图标
      screen.setFont(&simkaiFont36pt );//设置字体大小 为36像素点大小
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/120,/*y=*/135);//设置显示光标
      screen.println(tempInfo);//屏幕显示温度信息
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/204,/*y=*/135);
      screen.println("°");//显示温度的符号
      screen.setCursor(/*x=*/150,/*y=*/190);
      screen.println(cityInfo);//屏幕显示你所在城市的位置信息   

    }else{
      Serial.println("GET ERR");
    }
    http.end();
}


void loop() {
    if(WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED){
    printLocalWeather();  
  }else{
    Serial.println("WiFi  Disconnect");
   }

}


5.5 显示效果





六、使用电容触摸显示青蛙儿子旅行照片


6.1 电容按键

ESP32提供了电容触摸传感器的功能, 共有T0,T2~T9 共 9个touch传感器可用.分别对应引脚4、2、15、13、12、14、27、33、32. 无需设置PinMode,touchRead()返回值为0~255. 触摸强度越大,返回值越小。 烧录此例程,将使用4/D12引脚作为触摸按键,并通过串口监视器返回触摸值

void setup()
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop()
{
   Serial.printf("touch:%d\n",touchRead(4));
}
结果



6.2 选择放置的图片



6.3 触摸一次就切换一次图片代码

#include <DFRobot_GDL.h>
#include "BMP.h"

#define TFT_DC  D2
#define TFT_CS  D6
#define TFT_RST D3
#define PICNUMBER 6
uint8_t randNumber;
DFRobot_ST7789_240x240_HW_SPI screen(/*dc=*/TFT_DC,/*cs=*/TFT_CS,/*rst=*/TFT_RST);

uint8_t printfrog(uint8_t number){
    switch(number){
    case 0:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa1);//显示的随机图片
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 1:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa2);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 2:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa3);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 3:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa4);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 4:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa5);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 5:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa6);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    }

  }


void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  screen.begin();
}

void loop() {

     if(touchRead(4)<=20)
   {
    screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);  
    Serial.println("摸到了");
    randNumber =random(PICNUMBER);
    Serial.println(randNumber);//随机数的打印
    printfrog(randNumber);

    }
    else{
      Serial.println("没有摸到");
      }
  }


6.4  随机触摸显示图片效果展示




七、 完整功能代码展示

#include <DFRobot_GDL.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <HTTPClient.h>
#include <ArduinoJson.h>
#include "BMP.h"
HTTPClient http;

const char* ssid="dfrobotOffice";
const char* password="dfrobot2011";
const char* ntpServer = "pool.ntp.org";
const long gmtOffset_sec = 28800;
const int daylightOffset_sec = 0;
DynamicJsonDocument doc(1024);
DynamicJsonDocument doc1(1024);

#define TFT_DC  D2
#define TFT_CS  D6
#define TFT_RST D3
#define PICNUMBER 6

uint8_t randNumber;
uint16_t color = 0x00FF;
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
String weekDays[]={"周天", "周一", "周二","周三", "周四", "周五", "周六"};


DFRobot_ST7789_240x240_HW_SPI screen(/*dc=*/TFT_DC,/*cs=*/TFT_CS,/*rst=*/TFT_RST);


//打印输出所在地的时间函数
void printLocalTime(){
 struct tm timeinfo;
 if(!getLocalTime(&timeinfo)){
   Serial.println("Failed to obtian time");
   return ;
 }
}



//每隔多少秒系统时间 使用一次的函数
boolean doDelayMillisTime(long interval , boolean state) {
  unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
  if (currentMillis - previousMillis >= interval) {
    previousMillis = currentMillis;
    state = !state;
  }
  return state;
}


//产生的随机数是几号 就播放几号的图片
uint8_t printfrog(uint8_t number){

     struct tm timeinfo;
     if(!getLocalTime(&timeinfo)){
     Serial.println("Failed to obtian time");
//   return ;
    }

    switch(number){
    case 0:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa1);//显示的随机图片
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 1:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa2);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 2:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa3);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 3:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa4);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 4:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa5);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    case 5:
    screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0,/*w=*/240,/*h=*/240,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_qingwa6);
    delay(2000);
    break;
    }
    screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);  //刷新一次屏幕
    screen.setFont(&simkaiFont72pt );
    screen.setCursor(/*x=*/6,/*y=*/0);
    screen.println(&timeinfo,"%H");
    screen.setCursor(/*x=*/6,/*y=*/55);
    screen.println(&timeinfo,"%M");
    
  }

//打印当地所在的天气
void printLocalWeather(){
    http.begin("http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101270101.html");
    int httpCode = http.GET();
    if(httpCode == HTTP_CODE_OK){
      String pageData = http .getString();
      //Serial.println(pageData);
      deserializeJson(doc,pageData);
      JsonObject obj = doc.as<JsonObject>();
      String weatherInfo = obj["weatherinfo"];
      deserializeJson(doc1,weatherInfo);
      JsonObject obj1 = doc1.as<JsonObject>();
      String city = obj1["city"];
      String temp1 = obj1["temp1"];
      String temp2 = obj1["temp2"];
      String weather = obj1["weather"];
      String cityInfo = city;
      String tempInfo =temp1 + "~" + temp2;
      String cityWeatherinfo =weather;
      Serial.println("获得天气情况如下:");
      Serial.print(cityInfo);
      Serial.print(tempInfo);
      Serial.println(cityWeatherinfo);
      
      struct tm timeinfo;
      if(!getLocalTime(&timeinfo)){
      Serial.println("Failed to obtian time");
      return ;
      }
      Serial.println(&timeinfo, "%F %R %u"); // 格式化输出




   //每当有触摸发生就显示图片
   if(touchRead(4)<=20)
   {
    screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);  
    Serial.println("摸到了");
    randNumber =random(PICNUMBER);
    Serial.println(randNumber);//随机数的打印
    printfrog(randNumber);
    
    screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);  
    screen.setFont(&simkaiFont72pt );//Set the font to FreeMono12pt7b
    screen.setCursor(/*x=*/6,/*y=*/0);
    screen.println(&timeinfo,"%H");
    screen.setCursor(/*x=*/6,/*y=*/55);
    screen.println(&timeinfo,"%M");
    }
    else{
      Serial.println("没有摸到");
      }



  
  //每间隔20s刷新一次屏幕
  if (doDelayMillisTime(20000 , false) == true) {
  screen.fillScreen(COLOR_RGB565_BLACK);  
  
  screen.setFont(&simkaiFont72pt );//Set the font to FreeMono12pt7b
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/15,/*y=*/0);
  screen.println(&timeinfo,"%H");
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/15,/*y=*/55);
  screen.println(&timeinfo,"%M");
  }

  //显示天气及时间信息
  screen.setFont(&simkaiFont72pt );//Set the font to FreeMono12pt7b
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/0);
  screen.setTextColor(COLOR_RGB565_LGRAY);
  screen.setTextWrap(true);
  screen.setFont(&simkaiFont48pt );//Set the font to FreeMono12pt7b
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/124,/*y=*/0);
  screen.println(weekDays[timeinfo.tm_wday]);
  screen.setFont(&simkaiFont24pt );//设置字体大小 为24像素点大小
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/130,/*y=*/70); //设置显示光标
  screen.println(cityWeatherinfo);//屏幕显示天气状况,如多云转晴类字样
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/125,/*y=*/200,/*w=*/24,/*h=*/24,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black6);//屏幕显示位置图标
  screen.setFont(&simkaiFont36pt );//设置字体大小 为36像素点大小
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/120,/*y=*/135);//设置显示光标
  screen.println(tempInfo);//屏幕显示温度信息
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/204,/*y=*/135);
  screen.println("°");//显示温度的符号
  screen.setCursor(/*x=*/150,/*y=*/190);
  screen.println(cityInfo);//屏幕显示你所在城市的位置信息
  

  //旋转太空人的屏幕显示
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black1);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black2);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black3);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black4);
  delay(100);
  screen.drawPIC(/*x=*/0,/*y=*/124,/*w=*/124,/*h=*/124,/*bitmap gImage_Bitmap=*/( uint8_t*)gImage_black5);

  

    }else{
      Serial.println("GET ERR");
    }
    http.end();
}



void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  Serial.begin(115200);
  screen.begin();

  Serial.printf("Connecting to %s",ssid);
  WiFi.begin(ssid,password);
  while(WiFi.status()!=WL_CONNECTED){
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println(" CONNECTED");
  configTime(gmtOffset_sec, daylightOffset_sec, ntpServer);


}

void loop() {

    if(WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED){
    printLocalWeather();  
  }else{
    Serial.println("WiFi  Disconnect");
   }
}

​​​​​​​
从这次的小应用中我学会了很多东西,比如在tft屏幕上显示图片、动态图、中文。如何抓取天气信息,如何把抓取到的信息显示到tft屏幕上。

所以去旅行吧,不理会繁杂的琐事,自由自在地,去体验一个城市,一段故事,留下一片欢笑。

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