c++ 学习笔记 06

为游戏编程学C++

结构体

具有成员变量和函数的自定义数据类型。有点像对象。。

使用.操作符访问Struct内部变量、函数

可以基于你定义的结构体类型创建（实例化）很多结构体

结构体的定义

定义一个玩家类型，包含成员变量等级、血量、伤害、体力

struct Player
{
    int level;
    float health;
    float damage;
    float stamina;

    void TakeDamage(float dmg)
    {
        health -= dmg;
    }

    int GetLevel()
    {
        if (level > 10)
        {
            cout << "level > 10!\n";
        }
        return level;
    }
};

结构体初始化

int main()
{
    //创建Player实例
    Player player_1;
    //初始化
    player_1.level = 12;
    player_1.health = 100.f;
    player_1.damage = 10.f;
    player_1.stamina = 20.f;

    cout << "player_1 level = " << player_1.GetLevel() << endl;
    player_1.TakeDamage(40.f);
    cout << "player_1 takes " << 40.f << " damage" << endl;
    cout << "player_1 current health: " << player_1.health << endl;
}

使用列表初始化 

    Player player_2 = {1, 15.f, 40.f, 40.5f};

结构体嵌套

结构体中也可以套结构体！

struct LocationVector
{
    float X;
    float Y;
    float Z;
};
struct Player
{
    ….
    LocationVector location = {0.f, 0.f, 0.f};
    …..

    void DisplayLocation()
    {
        cout << location.X << endl;
        cout << location.Y << endl;
        cout << location.Z << endl;
    }

};

嵌套的初始化

Player player_2 = {1, 15.f, 40.f, 40.5f, {1.f,1.f,1.f}};