opengl第一个程序（vs2017）

 环境配置见Windows VS下配置opengl环境

 注释很详细，有错误的地方希望大佬能指正

#define GLEW_STATIC//GLEW静态库编译预处理
#include <GL/glew.h>
#include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
#include <iostream>

//编译着色器对象
static unsigned int CompileShader(unsigned int type, const std::string& source)
{
	unsigned int id = glCreateShader(type);//创建着色器对象
	const char* src = source.c_str();
	glShaderSource(id, 1, &src, nullptr);//替换着色器对象中的源代码
	glCompileShader(id);//编译着色器对象
	int	result;
	glGetShaderiv(id, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &result);//从着色器对象返回编译是否成功
	if (result == GL_FALSE)
	{
		int length;
		glGetShaderiv(id, GL_INFO_LOG_LENGTH, &length);//从着色器对象返回着色器的信息日志的长度
		char* message = (char*)alloca(length * sizeof(char));
		glGetShaderInfoLog(id, length, &length, message);//返回着色器对象的信息日志
		std::cout << "Failed to compile" << (type == GL_VERTEX_SHADER ? "vertex" : "fragment") << " shader!" 
			<< std::endl;
		std::cout << message << std::endl;
		glDeleteShader(id);//删除着色器对象
		return 0;
	}
	return id;
}

//创建着色程序对象
static unsigned int CreateShader(const std::string& vertexShader, const std::string& fragmentShader)
{
	unsigned int program = glCreateProgram();//创建着色程序对象
	unsigned int vs = CompileShader(GL_VERTEX_SHADER, vertexShader);//编译着色器对象
	unsigned int fs = CompileShader(GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER, fragmentShader);
	glAttachShader(program, vs);//附加着色器对象到着色程序对象
	glAttachShader(program, fs);
	glLinkProgram(program);//链接着色程序对象
	glValidateProgram(program);//验证着色程序对象
	glDeleteShader(vs);//删除着色器对象
	glDeleteShader(fs);
	return program;
}

static float vertices_data[6] = {
	-0.5, -0.5,
	0.0, 0.5,
	0.5, -0.5
};

int main(void)
{
	GLFWwindow* window;
	//![1]初始化glfw库
	if (!glfwInit())  return -1;
	//![2]创建窗口模式窗口及其OpenGL上下文
	window = glfwCreateWindow(640, 480, "Hello World", NULL, NULL);
	if (!window)
	{
		glfwTerminate();//渲染终止并释放错误回调
		return -1;
	}
	//![3]使窗口的上下文成为当前上下文
	glfwMakeContextCurrent(window);
	//![4]初始化glew,需要首先有上下文环境才能GLEW_OK
	if (glewInit() != GLEW_OK)  return -1;
	std::cout << "GL_VERSION: " << glGetString(GL_VERSION) << std::endl;//版本号
	//初始化
	glClearColor(0.2f, 0.3f, 0.3f, 1.0f);//设置清除颜色
	//glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);//启动深度缓冲区
	//创建对象
	unsigned int VAO, VBO;
	glGenVertexArrays(1, &VAO);
	glGenBuffers(1, &VBO);
	//绑定对象(先绑VAO)
	glBindVertexArray(VAO);
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, VBO);//ARRAY数组buffer
	//写入显存buffer
	glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices_data), vertices_data, GL_STATIC_DRAW);//STATIC静态数据存储
	//解析顶点数据
	glEnableVertexAttribArray(0);//启用顶点数组0
	glVertexAttribPointer(0, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, 2 * sizeof(float), (void*)0);//解析顶点数据
	//解绑对象(先放VAO)
    glBindVertexArray(0);
	glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, 0);
	//配置着色器
	std::string vertexShader = //顶点着色器
		"#version 330 core\n"
		"layout(location = 0) in vec4 Position;\n"
		"void main()\n"
		"{\n"
		"	gl_Position = Position;\n"
		"}\n";
	std::string fragmentShader = //片段着色器
		"#version 330 core\n"
		"out vec4 color;\n"
		"void main()\n"
		"{\n"
		"	color = vec4(1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0);\n"
		"}\n";
	unsigned int shader = CreateShader(vertexShader, fragmentShader);//创建着色程序对象
	glUseProgram(shader);//安装着色程序对象
	//![5]循环直到用户关闭窗口
	while (!glfwWindowShouldClose(window))
	{
		//在此处渲染
		//清理
		glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);//清除上一帧
		//绑定
		glBindVertexArray(VAO);
		//绘制
		glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, 3);//以每三个顶点绘制一个三角形
		//交换前后缓冲并轮询处理事件
		glfwSwapBuffers(window);
		glfwPollEvents();
	}
	//![6]释放
	glDeleteProgram(shader);//删除着色程序对象
	glDeleteBuffers(1, &VBO);//删除缓冲区对象
	glDeleteVertexArrays(1, &VAO);//删除顶点数组对象
	glfwTerminate();//渲染终止并释放错误回调
	return 0;
}

结果