import os
import sys
# 获取当前运行路径：
current_path = os.getcwd()
print(current_path)
# 获取当前文件的路径：
current_file_path = os.path.abspath(__file__)
print(current_file_path)
# 获取当前文件所在目录的路径：
current_file_path = sys.path[0]
print(current_file_path)
# 获取当前文件的路径：
current_file_path = sys.argv[0]
print(current_file_path)
# 获取当前文件的路径：
current_file_path = os.path.realpath(__file__)
print(current_file_path)
在/nvidia/ky_ai/nv/下用python运行/userdata/20230112_path_test/test.py，运行结果：
20230816
文章目录
Python程序的运行路径和当前文件路径
Python是一种流行的编程语言，用于各种任务，如数据科学、网站开发和自动化。在Python编程解和掌握文件路径的操作非常重要，因为它们经常用于读取和写入文件，导入模块等。本文将详细介绍Python中关于程序运行路径和当前文件路径的一些基础知识，并提供示例来帮助你更好地理解。
1. os.getcwd()
os.getcwd()函数是Python os模块的一部分，返回当前工作目录的字符串。这个函数不需要任何参数。
import os
print(os.getcwd())
以上代码将输出当前工作目录。注意，"cwd"是"current working directory"的缩写。
2. os.path.abspath(__file__)
os.path.abspath(__file__)是一个常用的方式来获取当前执行脚本的绝对路径。__file__是一个内置变量，代表当前脚本的相对路径，os.path.abspath方法可以将其转换为绝对路径。
import os
print(os.path.abspath(__file__))
这段代码将输出当前脚本的绝对路径。
20240115：
os.path.dirname(__file__)
返回的是相对路径
3. sys.path[0]
sys.path是Python的模块搜索路径列表。当我们尝试导入一个模块时，Python会在这个列表中搜索模块。sys.path[0]通常是空字符串’'，代表当前目录（如果脚本是从一个目录启动的话），也可能是脚本的路径（如果脚本是被完全限定路径调用）。
import sys
print(sys.path[0])
这段代码将输出第一个搜索路径，可能是当前目录或者脚本路径。
4. sys.argv[0]
sys.argv是一个包含命令行参数的列表。sys.argv[0]是脚本名（即脚本的路径）。这与大多数其他编程语言中的习惯不同，在Python中，脚本名称（或__main__）并不是一个特殊的变量，而是sys.argv列表的一部分。
import sys
print(sys.argv[0])
这段代码将输出脚本名（脚本的路径）。
5. os.path.realpath(__file__)
os.path.realpath(__file__)返回当前文件的规范路径，消除了所有符号链接（如果支持）。
import os
print(os.path.realpath(__file__))
这段代码将输出当前文件的规范路径。
结论
以上就是Python中常见的获取文件路径和运行路径的方法。根据具体情况选择合适的方法，可以使Python编程更加灵活和高效。
参考资料：
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