hdu 2289

简单二分 主要是圆台体积公式

水平面的半径u可以根据直角梯形的面积求出：
(r+u)*h + (u+R)*(H-h) = (r+R)*H
得出(R-r)*h = (u-r)*H
得 u = r + (R-r)*h/H
圆台体积计算公式：V= π*h*( R^2 + R*u + u^2 ) / 3

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
#include <cstring>
#include <cstdio>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <iterator>
#include <cmath>
#include <deque>
#include <stack>
#include <cctype>
#include <iomanip>
using namespace std;

typedef long long ll;
typedef long double ld;

const int N = 11000;
const int INF = 0xfffffff;
const double EPS = 1e-8;
const ll MOD = 1e9 + 7;
const ld PI = 3.1415926535897932384626433832795;

#define INFL 0x7fffffffffffffffLL
#define met(a, b) memset(a, b, sizeof(a))
#define rep(c, a, b) for (int c = a; c < b; c++)
#define nre(c, a, b) for (int c = a; c > b; c--)
#define put(a) cout << setiosflags(ios::fixed) << setprecision(a)

double r, R, h, v;
double sol (double x);

int main ()
{
    int t; cin >> t;
    while (t--)
    {

        cin >> r >> R >> h >> v;
        double l = 0, r = h, mid;
        while (r - l > EPS)
        {
            mid = (l + r) / 2;
            if (sol (mid) - v > EPS) r = mid;
            else l = mid;
        }
        put (6) << mid << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}

double sol (double x)
{
    double u = r + (R - r) * x / h;
    return PI * x * (u * u + r * r + r * u) / 3;
}