新概念英语第二册（40）下

【Composition】

1. She refused to answer any questions. She did not ask any questions. (not only…but…either)
2. She was not interested in the theatre. She was not interested in travel. (neither…nor)

1. She not only refused to answer question but she did not ask any question either.

=She not only refused to answer question but ask no question either. but…as well 可以加肯定也可以加否定 ； but…either 只能加否定as well, either 在此句中可省略

1. She was interested in neither the theatre nor travel.

=She was interested neither in the theatre nor in travel.(更好, 介词短语的并列)

【Key structures】

第 2 类条件句（虚拟条件句）

第 1 类条件句，谈论将有可能发生的事情，并且考虑其将来的真实结果。主句用一般将来时，从句用

一般现在时或其他形式的现在时。

If you help me,I will be gratefull.              如果你帮我, 我会感激你 (正常语气) If it rains, I will not go.                                正常语气(不一定会去)

第 2  类条件句，if 从句谈论想象的情况（假设与现在事实相反），主句则推测想象的结果。 从句使用一般过去时, 主句使用 would+动词原形。尽管第 2 类条件句使用过去时，却并非指过去的时间，所以，if 之后的过去时用法常被称为“非真实的过去”，整个条件句也被称作非真实条件句。

If you helped me,I would be grateful.

如果你帮了我, 我会感激你(可惜你没有帮我, 我不会感激你) If it rained,it would not be hot.                                     如果下雨, 就不会这么热

If you could make him change his mind, you would save him a lot of trouble.

假如你能使他改变主意, 你会使他免了许多麻烦.

如果 if 从句中的动词是 be, 那么应该在第一和第三人称单数名词之后用 were。If I were you 这种说法经常用于提出建议。

If I were you, I’d accept their offer.

If I were in your position, I would act differently.

假如我处于你的位置, 我会采取不同的作法.

第 2 类条件句有时也可代替第 1 类条件句来描述颇有可能发生的事情，但比第 1 类条件句较为“无把

握”。

If you went by train, you would get there earlier. If you go by train, you will get there earlier.

第 2 类条件句经常用来描写完全不可能的事情。

If I had longer legs, I’d be able to run faster.

【Special Difficulties】Make 的用法

及物动词 make 的原义为“制造”，但它经常用于一些固定的结构，最常见的为 make+（冠词）+名词形

式：

make progress（取得进步）；make the bed（铺床）；make conversation（找话题）；make a noise（吵闹）； make a promise（保证）；make trouble（捣蛋，制造麻烦）； make money（挣钱）； make a speech（演讲）； make a mistake（犯错误）；make up one's mind（下定决心，拿定主意）

Do 的用法

完全动词 do 也有一些固定短语：

do one's best（尽最大努力）；do one's homework（做作业）；do sb. a favour（帮忙）；do a job（干家务）； do work（做家务）；do exercise（做练习）；do business（做生意）

do 还可以与动名词连用：do some shopping（买东西，购物）；do swimming（游泳）；do some reading （读

书）

【Multiple choice questions】

1. She asked me to sit next to Mrs. Rumbold.‘___c___next to her,’she said.

a. Please to sit                     b. To sit                     c. Please sit               d. Please sitting ask sb. to do sth.                             祈使句, 以动词原形为标志

1. I took my seat beside her. I___a___ beside her.

a. sat                    b. seated                  c. was sitted             d. was seating

seat 一定要加宾语, 如果后面没宾语, 就用seat 的被动语态(及物动词) : seat yourself / be seated 是及物动

词，sit 是不及物动词, 没有被动语态, 后面不能加宾语，坐下：sit down

9 Her eyes were fixed on the plate. She ___b___it.

a. was glancing at        b. was staring at        c. was thinking about        d. was stuck to stuck to  粘在……上面

glance at         扫了一眼)

I glanced at it but I didn't pick it up. stare at = fix one's eyes on 盯着看look at            从头来看

see           看见

watch        vt. 观看(看活动的) watch TV / watch sb. doing

notice           强调的是眼睛的注意, 看一些别人不太注意的事情

glimpse of / have a glimpse of           瞥了一眼

catch sight of= see           看见

I can catch sight of the bird. be in sight  看见

read        v. 阅读(看与文字有关的东西)

read loudly, read aloud        大声朗读, 汉语中的读

go through         浏览

12 Are you enjoying your dinner? Is it ___d___?

a. enjoying you                                   b. amusing you

c. entertaining you            d. giving you pleasure enjoy sth. 表示在后者当中得到了一种享受enjoy 主语是人 enjoy oneself

sth. amuse 好 笑

entertain sb.           娱乐

amuse,entertain 后面会加人

entertainment            n. 款待, 娱乐, 娱乐表演