CentOS7 安装python
前提:知道系统的python的位置
whereis python
cd /usr/bin/
ll python*
安装相关包,用于下载编译python3
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel gcc
运行了上述命令以后,就安装了编译python3所用到的相关依赖
默认centos7没有pip
centos7 默认安装了python2.7 ,但是没有pip
#添加epel
yum -y install epel-release
# 安装pip
yum install python-pip
用wget下载python3的源码包
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/python3.10.4/Pyhthon-3.10.4.tar.xz
编译python3源码包
# 解压
xz -d Python-3.10.4.tar.xz
tar -xf Python-3.10.4.tar
# 创建并进入目录
mkdir /usr/local/python3
cd Python-3.10.4
# 编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3
(./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python3 --with-ssl)
#开始安装编译
make && make install
成功:Installing collected packages: setuptools, pip
Successfully installed pip-22.0.4 setuptools-58.1.0)
添加软连接
- 查看当前python软连接
ll /usr/bin/ |grep python
- 将原来的链接备份
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python.bak
- 删除python的软连接
rm -rf /usr/bin/python
- 添加python3的软连接
ln -s /usr/local/python3/bin/python3.10 /usr/bin/python
- 测试安装是否成功
```python -v````
更改yum配置,因为要用到python2才能执行,否则yum不能正常使用
一个地方——>
vi /usr/bin/yum
第一行的#! /usr/bin/python改为——>
#! /usr/bin/python2
还有一个地方修改——>
vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down
把 vi /use/bin/python 修改为——>
#! /usr/bin/python2
还有一个——>
vi /usr/bin/yum-config-manager
把 #!/usr/bin/python 改为 #!/usr/bin/python2
启动
python2 —>python2
python3 ---->python
环境变量配置
永久添加
echo export PATH="/usr/local/python3/bin:$PATH" >> ~/.bashrc
vim ~/.bashrc
#之后进入到新的界面,配置python3,在后面输入
#configure python3 export PATH=/usr/local/python3/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:root/bin export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:usr/local/python3/bin
source ~/.bashrc
#source执行配置命令生效
vi /etc/profile
在文件末尾添加上面代码并:wq保存t退出
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/python3/bin
执行命令使配置生效
source /etc/profile)